A direct method of assaying neurotoxic esterase (NTE) activity, using 4-nitrophenyl valerate, has been described. The technique was used to determine the bimolecular rate (ki), phosphorylation (k2), and affinity (Kd) constants for the reaction of hen brain microsomal NTE with mipafox. Results indicate that the new technique for assaying NTE makes detailed kinetic studies of NTE inhibition possible. The affinity and phosphorylation constants, Kd and k2, for the reaction of hen brain microsomal NTE with mipafox, were found to be 6.72 x 10(-5) M and 3.23 min-1, respectively. The bimolecular rate constant (ki) for this reaction was obtained by interpreting the results according to two different linear equations. The obtained values for ki by these interpretations were 4.8 x 10(4) and 4.0 x 10(4) M-1 min-1, respectively.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A method for control of the target at aspiration biopsy of non-palpable breast lesions.

A method for two-dimensional localization of non-palpable lesions in the breast has been evolved. Even if the depth of a lesion is unknown a good idea of it can be gained from a craniocaudal and a lateral projection. For biopsy, a light intersection guides the biopsy needle during its insertion. Deviation of the needle due to the bevelled surface of the needle tip can be avoided by rotation of the needle. Immediately following the aspiration biopsy, a small amount of contrast medium is injected through the biopsy needle. Marking the depth by means of a contrast medium makes it possible to control the biopsy site in all three dimensions. The flattening and spreading of the breast tissues occurring during compression of the breast may influence the position of a lesion. The flattening can be demonstrated in a cyst. The present report refers to a series of 108 consecutive aspiration biopsies. Diagnostic material was obtained in 92.6 per cent of the cases.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Papillomavirus infection and its pathologic correlate in sexually active adolescents.

We investigated the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its pathologic correlation in an adolescent clinic population (13-20 years, mean 16 years) over a 2-year period. 413 cervical specimens were obtained and analyzed cytologically and by a Southern Blot (SB) method for HPV DNA. 277 specimens from 210 patients could be fully analyzed. 23 patients (10.9%) were positive for HPV DNA by SB. Cytologic findings in these 23 patients demonstrated changes compatible with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL) and HPV-associated changes in 4 cases (17%). Cervical biopsies obtained in 3 cases with abnormal cytology demonstrated LGSIL in all cases. 6 patients were retested for HPV 2 to 6 months after the initial positive, two showed persistence of the initial virus, one was positive for a different HPV type and three were negative for HPV DNA.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of treatment with diadynamic currents of patients with some diseases associated with the pain syndrome].

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo inhibition of chicken brain acetylcholinesterase and neurotoxic esterase in relation to the delayed neurotoxicity of leptophos and cyanofenphos.

An equimolal single dose (1 mmole/kg) of leptophos or cyanofenphos was given orally to chickens to assay the clinical and biochemical neurotoxic effects of these two organophosphorus insecticides. Parathion and TOCP at 2 and 1000 mg/kg of chicken body weight were tested in the same manner as negative and positive neurotoxicants, respectively. Three birds of each of five groups tested were sacrificed 1,2,3,7,14,21 and 28 days after treatment and the brains were taken for the biochemical tests. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and neurotoxic esterase (NTE) activities were determined in the brain microsomal fractions. In addition, the AChE activity in the brain soluble fractions was measured. Clinical observations indicated that leptophos-, cyanofenphos- and parathion-treated chickens became acutely poisoned but recovered from the typical cholinergic signs in a day or two. However, about 10 to 15 days later leptophos- and cyanofenphos-treated chickens developed the characteristic leg weakness and unrecoverable ataxia seen in birds given TOCP. The biochemical results indicated that cyanofenphos followed by leptophos and parathion produced more in vivo AChE inhibition than that produced by TOCP in both chicken brain soluble and microsomal fractions. Results suggested that there are no correlations between the in vivo effect of TOCP, leptophos and cyanofenphos on AChE and phenyl valerate-total hydrolyzing activities and the ability of these chemicals to produce neuropathy in hens. The results obtained from this study of the in vivo effect of the tested compounds on chicken brain NTE activity present an acceptable correlation between the inhibition of this enzyme and the ability of these chemicals to induce neuropathy. The mechanism and explanation for this correlation are presented. The in vivo effect of the tested compounds on the chicken brain NTE activity was determined using the indirect and a new direct method. The data presented in this report suggested that the new direct technique of assaying NTE activity using 4-nitrophenyl valerate (4-NPV) as substrate, can be useful in the in vivo screening studies of organophosphates for their ability to induce neuropathy in hens.

Acetylcholinesterase↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Calcifications in the breast in Filaria loa infection.

A 40-year-old patient underwent mammography for evaluation of a mass. Atypical calcifications were observed in the opposite breast. Two types of calcification were observed: one type was spiral-shaped and the other type rod-shaped. These calcifications were caused by Filaria loa. Parasitic calcifications in the breast are uncommon.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rupture of a cyst during compression at mammography. Report of a case.

The pressure at dedicated mammographic units, indicated by a manometer, shows the pressure in the hydraulic system. The reading of this instrument is misleading because the pressure in the breast caused by the compression plate is considerably lower. Appropriate compression during mammographic examination may, however, rupture cysts.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Case reports of benign kidney tumors with special emphasis on oncocytomas--correlation of angiography with pathohistologic findings].

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Adenoma↗