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Biomedical subjects

R Moore

Publications and source records attributed to R Moore.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Naloxone in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: effect on weight gain and lipolysis.

The effects of a constant intravenous infusion of naloxone in doses ranging from 3.2 to 6.4 mg/day were studied in a group of patients with anorexia nervosa. Patients showed a significantly greater weight gain during the infusion compared with the periods before and after naloxone. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acid levels fell during the infusion. It is suggested that, in man, naloxone has an antilipolytic effect in vivo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The role of T3 and its receptor in efficient metabolisers receiving very-low-calorie diets.

Obese patients taking a 1.34 MJ/day formula diet showed a steady decline in the rate of weight loss after several weeks and this was associated with a fall in RMR, serum T3 levels and the number of T3 receptors on peripheral lymphocytes. The addition of T3 (60 micrograms/day) to the dietary regime produced a significantly greater weight loss by the 12th week. Analysis of individual thyroid hormone levels revealed those patients taking the T3 tablets who achieved the greatest weight loss had the lowest serum T3 levels but the greatest suppression of serum T4 values. The serum T3 levels in the T3 treated subjects were negatively correlated with the lymphocyte rece 12th week. Analysis of individual thyroid hormone levels revealed those patients taking the T3 tablets who achieved the greatest weight loss had the lowest serum T3 levels but the greatest suppression of serum T4 values. The serum T3 levels in the T3 treated subjects were negatively correlated with the lymphocyte rece 12th week. Analysis of individual thyroid hormone levels revealed those patients taking the T3 tablets who achieved the greatest weight loss had the lowest serum T3 levels but the greatest suppression of serum T4 values. The serum T3 levels in the T3 treated subjects were negatively correlated with the lymphocyte receptor capacity. It is postulated that the fall in the number of T3 receptors is the primary event leading to the observed serum hormone level changes in the T3-treated patients.

Diet, Reducing↗
PubMed1981

Left ventriculometry: the Minnesota experience with a bioengineering approach.

Left ventriculography is used by cardiologists, surgeons, and pharmacologists. Cardiologists use it to assess ventricular function and to scan the results of longitudinal studies to follow the course of the patient. Surgeons employ the results to appreciate changes following surgery, as improvement postbypass, and to compare the effectiveness of alternative procedures or maneuvers. Pharmacologists examine the results to assess the consequences of drug administration. In patients with ischemic heart disease, left ventriculography is an indispensable adjunct to selective coronary arteriography, and it provides anatomic and functional information important for diagnosis and for predicting the outcome of the patient. Using the results from cine left ventriculography, it is possible to calculate the EDV, ESV, SV, and EF and thus to evaluate the pump function of the left ventricle objectively, quantitatively, and reproducibly. However, these measures indicate total left ventricular function. A more detailed analysis of the cine left ventriculogram can provide specific information about the impaired segments. Methods for measuring and calculating the volume changes of the entire left ventricle were described and illustrated with their clinical implementation. Five methods of determining regional myocardial wall motion were applied to a population of subjects with normal wall motion and to patients with abnormal wall motion. The method was chosen which agreed best with the visual assessment of the cine by experienced cardiovascular radiologists. Clinical applications of regional wall motion assessment were described. A computer-compatible data base was created for roentgen images of a normally and of an abnormally contracting left ventricle, and this data base was contributed to a national repository for computer-compatible data bases. An automatic pattern recognition method was used to determine whether regional wall motion was normal or abnormal, and it was able to distinguish between these two groups satisfactorily. Current trends in ventriculography were described. A bioengineering approach has been used to solve the problem of measuring and describing the wall motion of the left ventricle of the human heart. The approach has been applied to the analysis of the contraction of the whole ventricle, regional wall motion, and the temporal pattern of wall motion. The mathematical equations underlying the analysis have been given, explained, and illustrated with examples. The implementation of the analyses using computers was discussed. The assumptions and sources of error have received particular attention.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1980

Program ensures better treatment for patients.

Training program for all employees with patient contact has improved patients' view of the hospital itself and has employees more aware of their contributions to the hospital.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of obesity with triiodothyronine and a very-low-calorie liquid formula diet.

In a double-blind trial physiological doses (60 microgram/day) of triiodothyronine (T3) were compared with placebo in a group of obese patients on a 320 kcal/day (1.34 MJ) liquid formula diet. T3-treated patients had a significantly greater weight-loss by the 12th week. Analysis of serum levels of T3 and thyroxine (T4) showed that those patients in the placebo group whose weight-loss tended to level off at a plateau towards the end of the trial also had the lowest T3 levels and resting metabolic rate (RMR) at that time. Patients in the T3 group had a steady rise in serum T3 levels during the 12 wk period. Those with the highest final T3 levels had the greatest tendency for their weight-loss to level out and, paradoxically, had the least suppression of serum T4 levels and lowest RMR. Some obese patients who do not readily lose weight on conventional low-calorie diets may have an impaired metabolic clearance rate of T3 and a degree of T3 resistance.

Basal Metabolism↗
PubMed1980

Prognostic value of lymph node dissection in malignant melanoma.

Retrospective review of 199 patients with malignant melanoma who had regional node dissection showed that the median survival rates of patients with histologically negative nodes was more than threefold higher than that of patients with histologically positive regional nodes. In the patients with positive nodes, survival was related to the number of nodes involved. Patients with one, two, and three or more positive lymph nodes had a tumor-free five-year survival rate of 41%, 30%, and 18%. Patients who required regional node dissection for positive palpable nodes in one month, one year, or longer than one year from the excision of the primary tumor had a median survival of 21.5, 22, and 44 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Partial 3q trisomy due to an unbalanced 3/10 translocation.

A newborn with partial 3q trisomy is reported. This female, small for gestational age, had multiple dysmorphic features, including turricephaly, microcephaly, broad and flat nasal bridge, anteverted nares, small ears, short limbs, bilateral transverse palmar creases, and fifth finger clinodactyly. The patient expired at 20 hours of age. An autopsy demonstrated duplication of the vagina and cervix, a bicornuate uterus, and streak ovaries. Cytogenetic studies revealed the patient to be trisomic for the portion of 3q distal to band 21 [46, XX,-10,t(3;10)(q21;p15)]. The father was found to carry a balanced 3/10 translocation [46,XY,t(3;10)(q21;p15)].

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1980

Intraarterial adriamycin in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas.

Ten patients with extremity sarcomas adriamycin 60 mg/M2 into the artery supplying the area of tumor. There were minimal local side effects consisting of occasional local erythema or slight transitory pain. Nine of these patients had subsequent surgery, and an average 32.86% histologic tumor necrosis was recorded in the peripherally viable areas of seven patients with residual tumor, compared to a 5.71% necrosis recorded in the biopsy sections (P value less than 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Lymph node dissection in malignant melanoma.

Regional node dissection was performed in 120 patients with malignant melanoma. Patients with clinically negative nodes had a 90% survival, whereas patients with enlarged nodes had a 15% survival. In 45 inguinal dissections, usually associated with a high morbidity, there was only a 4.5% incidence of infection and a 6.5% incidence of skin edge necrosis. For all types of node dissection, the overall incidence of wound infection was 5.8%, and that of necrosis of skin edges was 5%.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Liposarcomas: prognosis and management.

Fifty-one evaluable patients with liposarcomas were reviewed. Two-thirds of the patients were referred after local recurrence. One-third with primary surgery at RPMI had local recurrence rate of 31.6%. Overall, one or more local recurrences presented in 78% of patients. Pulmonary metastases, occurred in 45%, while liver metastases in 13.6%. Most common primary sites were the lower extremity, followed by the retroperitoneal area and upper extremity. Median survival is better for upper and lower extremities than other areas (P less than 0.01). The medium survival was longer in the group that received radiation after resection although the difference was not statistically significant. The high rate of local recurrences suggests the adjuvant use of radiation postoperatively when the surgical margins have not been adequate. Sixteen patients are alive and disease-free, with 10 of them having had five years or longer follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Malignant mesotheliomas and chemotherapy.

Of 77 patients with mesotheliomas, 63.6% had pleural involvement, 31.2% had peritoneal involvement, and 5.2% had involvement at other sites. The presenting symptoms varied with the location of the primary. Surgery and irradiation did not appear to influence the course of the diffuse type. Of 41 patients given systemic chemotherapy, three patients had complete response and four had greater than 50% objective response (median survival 42.5 months); 18 patients had stabilization (median 12.8 months), and 16 showed no response (median 4.5 months). The difference in survival between responders and non-responders was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Of 16 patients who received secondary chemotherapy, four had complete response (median survival 17.5 months), six had stabilization (median 10.5 months), and six had no response (median 2.5 months). Chemotherapy appears moderately effective in the treatment of mesotheliomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Scanography with rotation of the radiographic tube: a new method.

The quality of the radiographic image is compromised by secondary radiations and geometric unsharpness, which is proportional to the focal spot size. The authors describe a new system which significantly improves both elimination of scatter and reduction of the apparent focal spot size and gives superior radiographs to those made with a conventional x-ray machine. Advantages of the new system include (a) the lack of resolution and density gradients across the radiograph, (b) increased contrast due to descreased scatter, (c) increased resolution, (d) possible routine radiography with a 100-mu focal spot, (e) up to 2.5 x magnification, (f) increased acceptable kVp range, and (g) decreased dose to the patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

A method to analyze the motion of the endocardium during contraction.

Regional segmental wall motion analysis assumes a linear or radial grid system. In this study, motion patterns of points on the canine endocardium were evaluated. Radiopaque endocardial and epicardial markers were inserted along the anterior and posterior descending coronary arteries. Postoperative cine radiography showed that the endocardial markers did not move along either linear or radial grids. The endocardial and epicardial markers were shown to have different patterns of movement.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Changerless peripheral angiography: a new concept.

The authors describe a new technique using the principle of rotational scanography, in which the x-ray tube is rotated through the center of the focal spot and scans the field of interest. A single primary and secondary slot system in conjunction with an 8:1 grid is used for efficient scatter removal. If the speed of blood flow is increased by reactive hyperemia and a large amount of contrast medium is injected, the abdomen to the toes can be scanned with one injection. The advantages of this technique are that a 127-cm field can be covered with a 6 degree or 12 degree target tube and without an especially high ceiling, and the film changer is eliminated. The angiograms are markedly improved because virtually all scatter is eliminated, and exposure is reduced since only one radiograph is necessary.

Angiography↗