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Biomedical subjects

R Müller

Publications and source records attributed to R Müller.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Rat hepatic lysine-2-oxoglutarate reductase activity. Induction by lysine, glucagon and cycloheximide administration.

The activity of hepatic lysine-2-oxoglutarate reductase was determined in white female rats maintained on one of two dietary lysine levels (0.23 and 0.54% in diets A and B, respectively). The high dietary lysine increased the enzyme activity (p less than 0.05) twofold compared with the activity obtained with the diet A (67 vs. 27 mumol saccharopine/30 min/g liver protein). Repeated intraperitoneal injection of glucagon (259 microgram/100 g body weight/day) showed a short initial drop in the enzyme activity, followed by a marked rise, which remained above the basal level after withdrawal of the drug. Repeated injections of cycloheximide increased the enzyme activity, and the findings suggested that the apparent increase was due to the inhibition of the system responsible for the degradation of the enzyme. The individual free amino acids of the livers varied as a function of treatment. The ratio of E/N amino acids was found to be a good measure of the physiological condition of the animal, with the lowest value in animals treated with cycloheximide.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

[Antibiotic prophylaxis: definition and documentation].

Controlled, randomized and prospective studies were reviewed to evaluate the value of antibiotic prophylaxis in colonic and biliary tract surgery as well as in the treatment of open fractures. --Colorectal surgery: 7 studies using oral and 3 using parenteral antibiotics in addition to extensive bowel preparation have demonstrated the importance of a short term prophylaxis, instituted before surgery and discontinued soon thereafter. Different antibiotics with aerobic or anaerobic spectra reduced the incidence of wound infections significantly; further improvement could be expected from combinations covering both spectra. --Biliary surgery: cefazolin, gentamycin and rifamycin--used in four controlled studies--were effective in reducing infectious complications. No distinction was made between patients of different infectious risks. In low risk gallbladder surgery the real value of antimicrobial prophylaxis is unknown. Short term prophylaxis is recommendable in all high risk patients undergoing surgery and in the low risk case submitted to extensive interventions. --Open fractures: only three authors have submitted their patients to controlled studies. All protocols suffered from some bias. No definite conclusions can be made. The authors' personal recommendations are: no prophylaxis in first degree injuries; early preoperative administration of penicillinase-resistant drugs in second and third degree lesions.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of SL 25 on radiogenic xerostomia in the radiotherapy of tumors in the region of neck and face (author's transl)].

The radiogenic xerostomia often poses problems to the radiotherapeutist because this symptom can become so severe that treatment has to be interrupted or in some cases even stopped. The therapeutic success can become uncertain because of such deviations from the irradiation scheme. Because of promising observations reported in literature, we have examined the stimulating effect on the salivation produced by the test preparation SL 25 from Kali-Chemie Pharma GmbH in Hannover. A double blindfold test was made. Only three out of fourteen patients (22%) in the active substance group declared to feel a relief of the xerostomia, whereas in the control group five out of twenty patients (25%) felt this relief.

Anethole Trithione↗
PubMed1978

[Cytogenetic studies on women during and following the use of hormonal contraceptives].

The object of our investigations was the assessment of chromosomal changes in lymphocyte cultures of 33 women after long-term application of Ovosiston and Non-Ovlon (Group I), of 10 women with discontinued use of hormonal contraceptives at intervals of at least two month (Group II), cytogenetic investigations of 20 untreated healthy persons (Group III). We did not find an increase of numerical or structural aberrations in all cases. Our study of anomalies in the position of acrocentric chromosomes in the metaphase indicates a significantly increasing rate of associations after long-term use of hormonal contraceptives in lymphocyte culture. Origin connexion and importance of associations were discussed.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

[Analytic experiments on the significance of the fluorine content of urinary calculi (author's transl)].

The fluorine content of 150 precisely differentiated urinary calculi from areas with and without fluoridated drinking water (FDW) was quantitatively determined using different analytic methods. The fluorine content differed according to the type of calculus. With an average of 2 mg/g of calculus substance, the whewellite or weddellite concretions in FDW areas have the greatest portion of fluoride. The degree of crystallization of carbonate calculi increases with increased percentage of fluorine, and the parameter of the reticulum is characteristically contracted.

Apatites↗
PubMed1978

[Chronic hepatitis as sequela of acute viral hepatitis A and hepatitis non A - non B (author's transl)].

329 patients with acute ouvert viral hepatitis which occurred in the Hannover area 1975 were classified according to virological data. The proportions of type A and type non A - non B hepatitis were each approximately 20 percent of the total cases (n = 60). Viral hepatitis B was the most frequent type of viral hepatitis (n = 209). 174 individuals of the 329 hepatitis patients were reexamined serologically two years after the onset of the acute disease. 7 out of 105 patients with hepatitis B (6,7%) and 5 out of 40 patients with hepatitis non A - non B (12,5%) revealed a serological pattern compatible with chronic hepatitis. In contrast none of 29 patients with hepatitis A indicated chronic liver disease. The frequency of anti-HAV was also determined in 41 patients with HBsAg positive and HBsAg negative histologically proven chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. All patients were under 35 years of age. An equal proportion of anti-HAV was found in both groups. These results suggest that hepatitis A practically never results in chronic hepatitis, while hepatitis non A - non B can run a chronic course with a frequency similar to that of hepatitis B.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Internal medicine and dactyloscopic examinations of mothers with malformed children].

A retrospective study concerning anamnestic data as well as an internal and dactyloscopic examination were caried out on 75 woman who were delivered from a deformed child. Apart from the well-known causes of a deformity the chronic arterial hypertension is emphasized as teratogenetic factor. The dactyloscopic examination did not result in an accumulation of stigmata which refer to a genetic condition of the deformities. Differences concerning the distribution of patterns on the finger-tips need further investigations; at present they are not yet to be explained.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1977

Ophiocordin, an antifungal antibiotic of Cordyceps ophioglossoides.

An unknown antibiotic, ophiocordin, C21H22N2O8, MW: 430, was isolated from submerged cultures of Cordyceps ophioglossoides, strain TU 276, grown in a glycerol soybean meal medium at 27 degrees C. The antibiotic was extracted from acidified culture fluids with n-butanol and purified by subsequent column chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex and cellulose. Studies including nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry resulted in proposals of partial structures of the molecule. Inhibition by ophiocordin could be demonstrated for a small number of fungi belonging to different taxonomic groups. Bacteria were not inhibited. The antifungal effect was antagonized by ammonia and nitrate ions and by certain amino acids.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Particular aspects of testicular tumor in the elderly (author's transl)].

Malignant testicular tumors mainly occur in early adult life. 14 (7.8%) of our 180 patients with testicular tumors, treated from 1966 to 1976, were between 50 to 68 years of age. The pathological anatomical classification showed 9 germinal and 5 non-germinal tumors. To find out which tumor classification is the best for prognostic information and assessment of therapeutic consequences, we recommend setting up a central testicular tumor panel and register and refer to the multilateral study already initiated.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Drug education as part of health education].

Health education is considered as regulating health behavior. This forms a part of general behavior based on socio-cultural norms. For this reason, when defining their aims, health education programs must take the socio-cultural environment into account. There are three main parts to health education considered as a whole: somatic hygiene, psychological hygiene and social hygiene. As an example, the case of drug education demonstrates that any health education program must be devised with its contents specifically selected and the program must take into account, to different degrees, all three aspects of health education. Formal criteria and criteria regarding the contents for a drug education program are indicated, based on the idea that all persuasive transmission of information must be based on three fundamental steps: 1st sensitization, 2nd information and 3rd motivation.

Accident Prevention↗