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Biomedical subjects

R Kapoor

Publications and source records attributed to R Kapoor.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Pneumadin: a new lung peptide which triggers antidiuresis.

Normal mammalian lungs, including human fetal lungs, contain significant amounts of a decapeptide which releases arginine-vasopressin from the neurophypophysis and therefore has antidiuretic activity. The rat peptide is: Tyr-Gly-Glu-Pro-Lys-Leu-Asp-Ala-Gly-Val-NH2. The peptide from human fetal lungs has Ala instead of Tyr. It may be a normal regulatory substance and its role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis associated with lung diseases merits investigation. In view of its source and action, the antidiuretic lung peptide may be called Pneumadin.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Biological evaluation of pearl millet protein: effect of different treatments and storage.

Whole grain flour of one variety (HC-4) of pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L. Leeke) after giving different treatments (defatting, butylated hydroxyanisole, ascorbic acid and thermal) was stored in earthen pots at prevailing room temperature (28-34 degrees C) and relative humidity (70-80%) for 30 days. The flour samples were evaluated for protein quality using rats. Storage of flour for 30 days markedly reduced the protein quality. The values of protein efficiency ratio, true digestibility, biological value, net protein retention and net protein utilisation were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in fresh and treated flour than untreated flour. Among treated flours, defatted flour showed best growth followed by butylated hydroxyanisole, thermal and ascorbic acid treated flour.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Intrahypothalamic injection of somatostatin, not GRF, stimulates prolactin secretion.

The distribution of somatostatin and growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) fibres in the hypothalamus suggests that they may be involved in physiological functions in addition to growth hormone control. GRF or somatostatin were stereotaxically injected into anterior or basal hypothalamic regions of unanesthetized male rats and effects on plasma prolactin measured. Somatostatin caused a small, significant, dose-responsive stimulation of prolactin secretion when injected in both hypothalamic regions, while GRF was without effect. Somatostatin may therefore have a minor intrahypothalamic role in regulating prolactin.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Deoxyglucose lumped constant estimated in a transplanted rat astrocytic glioma by the hexose utilization index.

The lumped constant (LC) for calculating the regional glucose (glc) metabolic rate by the deoxyglucose (DG) method was estimated in a transplanted rat glioma and normal rat brain. First, the hexose utilization index (HUI) was measured at 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 min in right hemisphere glioma implants and uninvolved contralateral hemisphere following bolus intravenous injections of [3H]DG and [14C]glucose. At these times, the glioma HUI values were 0.639, 0.732, and 0.712, respectively, and the coordinate left hemisphere values were 0.432, 0.449, and 0.418. Second, the volumes of distribution of DG and glucose were determined to be 0.436 and 0.235 in glioma implants and 0.402 and 0.237 in left hemisphere, respectively. Third, following simultaneous intracarotid injections of [3H]DG and [14C]glucose, the ratio K1/K1 was 1.1 in glioma grafts and 1.3 in left hemisphere. With these values for HUI, volume of distribution, and K1 ratio, the LC in this rat glioma was estimated to be 2.1 times higher than the left hemisphere LC (p less than 0.02). These results suggest that measurement of brain tumor CMRglc using a normal brain LC may significantly overestimate the true tumor CMRglc.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Splenic abscess.

We report a splenic abscess in an elderly diabetic female. Awareness of the disease is emphasised.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

Endogenous dopamine modifies electroresponsiveness of pars compacta cells in the guinea pig substantia nigra in vitro.

In the nigrostriatal pathway, dopamine is released not only from striatal nerve terminals, but also locally from the dendrites of nigrostriatal neurones within the substantia nigra itself. Exogenous dopamine is known to inhibit the firing of these neurones when applied directly to the substantia nigra in micromolar concentrations: but the amounts used are probably much higher than the endogenous concentration of the transmitter. Moreover, the direct, local blockade of nigral dopamine autoreceptors has not been reported to affect the firing rates of these neurones. The electrophysiological effects of endogenous dopamine were therefore examined using intracellular recordings from the substantia nigra in vitro. When slices of the midbrain were pharmacologically depleted of endogenous dopamine, selective membrane properties of nigrostriatal neurones were altered in a manner consistent with the effects of the exogenous transmitter. Similar changes were observed in control slices on exposure to the dopamine antagonist haloperidol. It is concluded that endogenous dopamine normally exerts a tonic influence on the electrical properties of nigrostriatal neurones.

Action Potentials↗