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Biomedical subjects

R Hauser

Publications and source records attributed to R Hauser.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Evidence for partial exocrine acinar differentiation in experimentally induced pancreatic ductal/ductular cell tumors.

The pancreatic carcinomas induced in Syrian hamsters by a nitroso compound are of a ductal/ductular cell type. Electron microscopic examination of such tumors has revealed the presence of an occasional isolated acinar cell within the tumor. Based on their cellular characteristics, these acinar cells seem to have derived from ductular cell precursors. When we used a monoclonal antibody which specifically recognizes hamster acinar cells, a larger number of cells bearing acinar cell membrane markers were found in many tumors by an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Since most of these positively reacting cells did not exhibit the characteristic cytological features of acinar cells, such as rough endoplasmic reticulum and zymogen granules, differentiation of precursor cells to acinar cells may possibly occur at the cell membrane level. The presence of a few acinar cells within exocrine pancreatic tumors implies that acinar differentiation or retrodifferentiation can occur in pancreatic neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Fatty liver in indirect calorimetry controlled total parenteral nutrition].

The authors have investigated the relationship between total parenteral nutrition (TPN) under indirect calorimetry and the development of fatty infiltrations of the liver in 21 surgical and traumatized patients. TPN was monitored by indirect calorimetry in order to balance lipid and amino acid intake. Glucose intake was adapted only when daily glucose utilization was higher than 150 g. Non protein respiratory quotient (npRQ) and respiratory quotient (RQ) remained below 0.9 during the whole study. The need for lipids was always significantly higher than the lipid intake up to the 5th day after operation or trauma. The need for carbohydrates was significantly lower than the intake of carbohydrates up to the 9th day after operation or trauma. In addition, the utilization of lipids was higher than the utilization of carbohydrates. After 2 weeks of TPN, no fatty infiltration of the liver could be detected by computer tomography and chemical analysis. The calorimetric monitoring of the TPN regimen and the individual adaptation of substrate intake might be responsible for the protection of the liver observed in this study.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1986

[Determination of the blood group properties of bones subjected to the decay process].

The aim of the present study was to make generalizations concerning the results of serological examinations of bones subjected to the process of decay. The specimens examined were taken from the femur. Some of the specimens had been subjected to decay for a period of some years, after which they were examined using the absorption-elution method in accordance with classical principles. Finally, successive dilutions of eluted antibodies were performed with a view to establishing the "antigenic force" of the material under examination. It was found that, owing to the process of bone decay, there is a decrease in the original "antigenic force", which is accompanied by the appearance (in a weak form) of non-specific serological reactions, which are much weaker in strength than specific ones. It was concluded that for the interpretation of the actual blood group of decayed bones the term "diagnostic" can only be applied to a range of dilutions not exceeding that of non-specific agglutinations.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

Nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine in spontaneously hypertensive rats: effects on blood pressure and vascular lesions.

Cyclosporine (CSA) caused functional and morphologic renal changes in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The development of hypertensive arterial lesions were accelerated by CSA. Blood pressure was significantly increased especially in young rats. The influence of age of the animals, dose and duration of CSA administration on the development of vascular lesions and blood pressure was investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Interference of cyclosporin with lymphocyte proliferation: effects on mitochondria and lysosomes of cyclosporin-sensitive or -resistant cell clones.

Cyclosporin was previously shown to interfere with--but not to abolish--the increased activities of lysosomes and mitochondria consequent to a mitogenic activation of normal mouse lymphocytes. This was evident from the fluorescence profiles of cell populations after vital staining with euchrysine (giving a lysosomal-specific red fluorescence) and rhodamine-123 (giving a mitochondrial-specific green fluorescence). Fluorescence profiles of the population of cells not exposed to a mitogen were also altered by cyclosporin, with lower lysosomal and mitochondrial fluorescence of these cell populations. In order to find out more precisely what could be the direct effects of cyclosporin on those cellular organelles, our cyclosporin-sensitive (BE7) and cyclosporin-resistant (LB7) lymphoblastoid cell lines were tested and showed clear-cut differences. Only minor effects could be detected for the lysosomal and mitochondrial activities of the resistant cells. On the contrary, cyclosporin caused, in the cells of the sensitive clone BE7, a clear decrease of mitochondrial activity together with an unexpected increase of the red fluorescence of euchrysine. The latter might not correspond to a real increase of the lysosomal activity of such cells. Indeed electron microscopy studies do not show higher numbers of lysosomes; rather they show that numerous vacuoles appear in the cytoplasm of the cyclosporin-treated BE7 cells (but not in the cells of the resistant clone and not in untreated cells of either types).

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Microbial contamination of ABO antigens in bone tissue].

Fragments of human bones were stored in different media for two years and then expression of the ABO antigens was indicated. Simultaneously, microbiological investigations were performed. In almost all cases, different ABO substances were detected in putrefied and fresh bones taken from the same person. Blood group antigens found in putrefied bones were compared with serological activity of bacterium cultured from these tissues. Attempts were made to remove unspecific reactions. The authors assume that bacteria are responsible for nonspecific serological reactions, not only as a carrier of blood-group-like substances, but also as a source of enzymes responsible for changes in the structure of ABO antigens in putrefied bones.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1982

Mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with reflux esophagitis.

We evaluated the mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux in 10 patients with reflux esophagitis and compared the results with findings from 10 controls. The patients had more episodes of reflux (35 +/- 15 in 12 hours, as compared with 9 +/- 8 in the controls) and a lower pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter (13 +/- 8 mm Hg as compared with 29 +/- 9 in the controls) (P less than 0.001). Reflux occurred by three different mechanisms: transient complete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, a transient increase in intra-abdominal pressure, or spontaneous free reflux associated with a low resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter. In controls 94 per cent of reflux episodes were caused by transient sphincter sphincter relaxation. In the patients 65 per cent of episodes of reflux accompanied transient sphincter relaxation, 17 per cent accompanied a transient increase in intra-abdominal pressure, and 18 per cent occurred as spontaneous free reflux. The predominant reflux mechanism in individual patients varied: some had normal resting sphincter pressure and reflux that occurred primarily during transient sphincter relaxation, whereas others with low resting sphincter pressures had spontaneous free reflux or reflux that occurred during an increase in intra-abdominal pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Fabricating moisture chamber spectacles with a sectional facial moulage.

A technique for the construction of acrylic resin moisture chambers has been presented. The utilization of a sectional facial moulage allows for the construction of the chambers to be carried out in the laboratory saving valuable patient contact time. The necessary materials are readily available, and the techniques are common to dental practice.

Eyeglasses↗