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Biomedical subjects

R Hauser

Publications and source records attributed to R Hauser.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

IgM and IgG antibody profiles after immunization of man with a HDCS-vaccine (preliminary communication).

HDCS vaccine was given to 20 healthy, not rabies-exposed people on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 90. Ten of them received in addition 20 IU/kg of human antirabies immunoglobulin. Vaccine potency in NIH tests was 1.8 (WHO). Most individuals did not show any measurable neutralizing antibody titer on days 3 and 7. On days 14, 28, 90 and 300 the mean of titres was above 1:200; with one exception, no titer was lower than 1:50. The sera of days 14 and 90 were separated on "Sephadex G-200" columns. On day 14 at least 46% of the rabies antibody was found in the IgM fraction, while 15% was recovered from the IgG fraction. On day 90 the proportion recovered from the IgM fraction had decreased to 17%; the IgG antibody had increased to 30% of the titres found in whole serum. Almost no antirabies activity was found in the IgG fractions.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1977

[Attempts at postexposure active and passive human rabies immunization].

For several years now in Switzerland, postexposure prophylaxis against rabies has been performed with duck embryo vaccine containing inactivated virus. According to WHO recommendations, 14 consecutive daily injections are given subcutaneously followed by 3 booster injections 10, 20, and 90 days later. In addition, a recently developed human diploid cell vaccine has also become commercially available in Switzerland. This study is concerned with the question whether, by the use of the latter vaccine, sufficient antibody titres can be achieved with a smaller number of injections given at longer intervals. Furthermore, the question was studied whether simultaneous administration of homologous human hyperimmune gamma-globulin together with the first vaccination dose inhibits antibody production. "Vaccin rabique inactivé Mérieux", cultivated on human diploid cells, was injected on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 90. A group of 10 healthy volunteers received active vaccination only, while another group of 10 volunteers received Rabuman Berna, 20 U/kg, in addition. Antibody titrations were done by means of a neutralization test on monolayer cell cultures. On day 14, antibody titers of at least 1:100 (corresponding to more than 3 IU/ml) were found in both groups. There was no indication of significant inhibition of antibody production as a consequence of the combined active/passive vaccination.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Resolution of three distinct populations of nerve endings from rat brain homogenates by zonal isopycnic centrifugation.

Conditions have been established for the fractionation of subcellular components of rat forebrain homogenates by zonal isopycnic equilibration in continuous sucrose density gradients using a B-XIV rotor. The fractions were analyzed biochemically and by ultra-structural morphometry. Starting from postnuclear supernates of forebrain homogenates, it has been possible to resolve three distinct populations of nerve endings from one another, as well as from free mitochondria and myelin fragments. The three types of nerve endings differ in their apparent specific gravity, their biochemical properties, and their ability selectively to accumulate exogenous transmitter substances in vitro. These three particle populations are likely to represent, in order of increasing modal equilibrium density, (a) cholinergic nerve endings, characterized by their high content of acetylcholine, (b) gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)-containing nerve endings with high glutamate decarboxylase activity and the ability to accumulate exogenous GABA, (c) adrenergic nerve endings that accumulate exogenous dopamine and noradrenaline and exhibit high monoamine oxidase activity.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distortion product otoacoustic emissions in normal and hearing-impaired ears.

Otoacoustic emissions of distortion products (DPOAE's) were recorded in normal and hearing-impaired human ears using relatively straightforward methods. Two pure-tone stimuli at fixed frequency levels of 73 dB HL for f1 and of 67 dB HL for f2 were used. The frequencies of the two primaries were chosen so that their geometric mean represented standard audiometric frequencies. Measurements of the emission amplitudes at 2f1-f2 and the adjacent noise floor were achieved by spectral averaging. A total of 101 subjects (199 ears) were tested. Seventy-seven ears in 46 subjects had normal hearing (hearing levels less than or equal to 20 dB at standard audiometric frequencies; average hearing levels, less than or equal to 10 dB). Thirty-six ears in 25 subjects had near-normal hearing (no hearing complaints, hearing levels less than or equal to 40 dB; average hearing levels, less than or equal to 20 dB). No significant differences in mean DPOAE values were apparent between these two groups of ears. All but two of these 113 ears (98%) showed emissions at three or more of the six frequencies tested between 1 and 6 kHz. Emissions were detected in more than 75% at each frequency between 1 and 6 kHz and in more than 85% between 1 and 4 kHz. A further 86 ears in 44 subjects exhibited varying degrees of sensorineural hearing loss caused by different pathologies. In general, emission amplitudes approximated the shapes of the audiograms, and a highly significant correlation between hearing thresholds and emission amplitudes was demonstrated in the frequency range of 1 to 4 kHz.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acoustic Stimulation↗