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Biomedical subjects

R Goldstein

Publications and source records attributed to R Goldstein.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

P.S.R.O., quality of care, and research.

A necessary condition for achieving the legislative goals of Public Law 92-603, which created the Professional Standards Review Organizations, is the proper evaluation of the system of providing medical care. Peer review as currently constituted does not provide a proper evaluation. This article shows why present practices are not satisfactory, presents an outline of a minimally satisfactory evaluation system, and concludes by showing that many of the criticisms made of P.S.R.O.s are deficient, and that peer review has the potential for resulting in some improvement in the quality of medical care.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1980

Reversal by arginine-vasotocin of the effects of pinealectomy on the amount of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the hypothalamus and the concentrations of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone in the plasma of immature male rats.

Pinealectomy in immature (25-day-old) male Wistar rats significantly decreased the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the hypothalamus and increased concentrations of plasma LH and FSH 3 days after surgery. Extremely small amounts (10(-4) pg) of arginine-vasotocin (AVT) injected into the third ventricle (pineal recess) 5 min after pinealectomy completely prevented the decrease in the hypothalamic content of 5-HT and the increase in the concentration of LH and FSH in the plasma. It is suggested that AVT prevented the increase of plasma levels of LH and FSH after pinealectomy by increasing levels of 5-HT at postsynaptic receptor sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effects of stimulus rise-fall time and equivalent duration on middle components of AER.

Tone bursts of 500, 1 000, or 3 000 Hz with rise/fall times of 3, 5, and 10 msec were combined with either a 'no plateau' duration or 'equivalent durations' of 10 or 30 msec. Electroencephalic activity (102.4 msec post-stimulus) from normal-hearing adults was recorded between the vertex and each earlobe. AER latencies and amplitudes decreased as frequency increased but effects of increasing rise/fall time and duration were similar at all frequencies. An increase in stimulus rise/fall time or equivalent duration results in increases of about 1-3 msec in latencies of all middle component peaks. Increasing either rise/fall time or equivalent duration produces a considerable reduction in middle component amplitude at all intensity levels. Any combination of rise/fall time and plateau duration that gives an equivalent duration of less than 10 msec. and results in narrow spectra stimuli, appears optimal for clinical EEA with middle components.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1979

Toward objective analysis for electroencephalic audiometry.

Middle-component AERs (8-90 msec) to tone-pips from 10 normal-hearing adults were subjected to three objective methods of response identification. Threshold was then determined for each subject according to four different rules. The criterion score, which considers conjointly latency and amplitude values across the middle-component peaks, was developed as a single-value measure for response-identification and subsequent threshold-determination procedures. One of the response-identification methods was applied to 10 hearing-impaired subjects; the results of the threshold-determination procedures were encouraging. Further directions toward improving objective response analysis are discussed.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1978

Isolation of purified insoluble aortic collagen.

The chemistry of collagen from major blood vessels, such as the aorta, is poorly defined because of problems encountered in solubilization techniques. Normal extraction of calf aorta with acetic acid and/or pepsin does not yield significant quantities of collagen. However, treatment of the aorta with purified pancreatic elastase results in a residue containing a significant portion of the collagen. The amino acid analysis, the acrylamide gel electrophoretic patterns and the electron micrographs of this residue display characteristics consistent with relatively pure collagen. Using this purified collagen preparation approximately 90% of the collagenous material present can be solubilized by pepsin treatment.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

Middle component averaged electroencephalic responses to tonal stimuli from normal neonates. Initial report.

Tone-pips, centered at 1,000 Hz, were used to elicit middle component averaged electroencephalic responses (AERs) (8 to 90 ms) from five normal neonates. The stimuli were presented monaurally at 10-, 30-, and 50-dB HL, with regard to adult behavioral thresholds. Averaged electroencephalic responses were also derived for no-stimulus control conditions. The initial portion of the stimulus-elicited AER waveforms was similar to that obtained from adults. An objective, scoring procedure, based on predetermined rules, was used to determine peak latencies and to quantify point-to-point amplitudes. Inspection of the scored data revealed that latencies decreased and amplitudes increased as the stimulus magnitude increased, as has also been reported for adults. Unlike adult responses, the middle components from the neonates in this study were identifiable only when recorded from the side of the head ipsilateral to the ear stimulated.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1978

Effect of contralateral noise on the middle components of the averaged electroencephalic response.

Middle-component AERs were obtained from normal-hearing adults to 1000-Hz tone pips at 20 and 40 dB SL and at silent control. A continuous noise at 20, 40, and 80 dB SL and at silent control was presented to the contralateral ear. When the tone pips were at 20 or 40 dB SL, five peaks were identified visually in waveforms constructed by digitally adding AERs across subject and replication. Peak latencies determined from the composite waveforms for each signal-masker condition were used as time points to measure point-to-point amplitudes in individual AERs. The masker at 20 or 40 dB SL did not alter or degrade the AER produced by the tone pip. It was concluded that clinical masking may be used in EEA when the middle components of the AER are employed as a response index.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Determination of capsid size by satellite bacteriophage P4.

Satellite bacteriophage P4 requires all morphogenic gene products provided by a helper phage, such as coliphage P2, to assemble its own capsid, which is one-third the volume of the larger helper capsid. We have isolated a satellite phage P4 sid (size determination) mutant that is unable to direct the assembly of the small wild-type-size P4 capsid. Instead, this mutant produces P4 plaque-forming units with large P2-size capsids which contain two or three copies of the P4 sid1 genome. P4 sid1 is evidently mutated in a protein that is specifically responsible for determining the precise size and symmetry of the structure into which the helper P2 gene products will assemble. In addition, we have found that the physical size of the genome does not appear to play an essential role in the proper assembly of the icosahedral capsid, since the majority of the P4 sid1 plaque-forming units do not contain a complete capsidful of DNA.

Coliphages↗