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Biomedical subjects

R Drut

Publications and source records attributed to R Drut.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the chest wall: a cooperative study with review of the literature.

The clinicopathologic features of three examples of mesenchymal hamartoma of the chest wall are described. The entity has been recorded under a number of names including osteochondroma, osteochondrosarcoma, benign chondroblastoma, mesenchymoma, and chondromatous hamartoma. The condition is manifest at birth or shortly thereafter with deformity of the chest wall and respiratory distress. Radiographic examination reveals a well-defined, partly calcified mass involving one or more ribs. The tumor is composed predominantly of chondroid tissue with large endothelium-lined blood spaces and immature mesenchyme with osteoclastic giant cells and osteoid. We review the literature and suggest that the lesion should be distinguished from aneurysmal bone cyst, chondroma, and other mesenchymal neoplasms. In order to avoid local recurrence the recommended treatment is complete surgical resection.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperplasia of lymphoglandular complexes in colon segments in Hirschsprung's disease: a form of diversion colitis.

This is a study of the size and number of lymphoglandular complexes (LGDs) in the resected segment of aganglionic left colon of 20 children (mean age 26 months) obtained several months to years after being defunctionalized by proximal colostomy, compared with 5 controls (mean age 20 months). All the resected aganglionic segments had a nodular mucosa. The number of LGCs/mm of muscularis mucosae was 0.58 +/- 0.2; in controls the number was 0.24 +/- 0.12 (P less than .0025). The mean size of LGCs in aganglionic colon was 1.23 +/- 0.27 mm, and in controls it was 0.57 +/- 0.21 (P less than .0005). Because LGCs have been related to antigen processing, hyperplasia of LGCs in defunctionalized colonic segments of Hirschsprung's disease may represent a reaction to stagnant contents. Its combination with cryptitis (present in six cases) may represent a form of diversion colitis, a condition recognized in adults in bypassed colonic segments after surgical diversion of the fecal stream.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Poorly organized parasitic conjoined twins: report of four cases.

We report four examples of parasitic conjoined twins (PCT) that created difficulties in diagnosis and treatment because of their unusual presentation and poor internal organization. Case 1 appeared as a tumor on the back containing an adrenal gland and part of the small bowel and stomach; two spines with spinal cords were present. Case 2 was similar, but mature and immature renal tissue were included and a meningocele with Arnold-Chiari type II malformation was recognized in the autosite spine. Retrospective interpretation of both cases suggested that the left lower limb and pelvis were part of the parasites. In case 3 the parasite was attached at the perineum and lower abdomen, contained a rudimentary spine in continuity with the coccyx of the autosite, and was partially covered by scalp. Case 4 presented as a limblike tumor attached at the suprapubic region. All cases were complicated by disruptions in the autosites. Surgical treatment was successful in cases 1, 2, and 3. These four anatomically poorly organized PCT are best categorized as intermediate between teratomas and the more common types of PCT.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of fluorescent in situ hybridization to detect trisomy 13 in archival tissues for cytogenetic diagnosis.

The present report describes the use of molecular probes to investigate the chromosomal constitution of interphase nuclei of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from three infants with multiple congenital malformations and a provisional diagnosis of trisomy 13 in two. Fluorescent in situ hybridization with the probe for the 13 and 21 centromeric regions revealed five nuclear signals in two of the cases, indicating the presence of an extra chromosome, and only four nuclear signals in the other case. Only the two positive cases had phenotypic features consistent with trisomy 13. Routine cytogenetic analysis was performed on one child and confirmed an additional chromosome 13. The child without an extra chromosome had features consistent with Ivemark syndrome. This study demonstrates the utility of fluorescent DNA probes for the retrospective diagnosis of aneuploidies in archival material.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nonimmune hydrops fetalis, hydramnios, microcephaly, and intracranial meningeal hemangioendothelioma.

Necropsy findings in a male stillborn at 31 weeks gestational age included nonimmune hydrops, hydramnios, and microcephaly secondary to a hemangioendotheliomatous malformation at the tentorium. The vascular lesion was composed by large and small tortuous endothelium-lined vessels and leiomuscular septa. The lesion is thought to be related to the more frequent arteriovenous malformation of the vein of Galen.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Demonstration of Epstein-Barr viral DNA in paraffin-embedded tissues of Burkitt's lymphoma from Argentina using the polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization.

Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is the most frequent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children in Argentina. Although epidemiologic studies have linked Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to more than 90% of African BL cases but to only 10-20% of American and French cases, increased EBV-specific antibody titers were demonstrated in 73% of Argentinian patients with BL. To characterize the relationship between EBV and BL in Argentina, we analyzed paraffin-embedded tissues from 16 cases of BL for the presence of EBV DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH). PCR analysis showed that only 4 of 16 specimens contained the EBV BamW fragment, and these specimens were all from cases diagnosed in 1984. Results of ISH performed with a specific biotinylated DNA probe against the NotI/PstI fragment of EBV correlated with the PCR findings. EBV sequences were detected with ISH in 70-90% of the tumor cells from the 4 positive cases. These data may suggest an epidemic outbreak of EBV-related BL in 1984 superimposed on sporadic cases of BL, for which EBV may not have been an essential factor. This study also demonstrates the value of using molecular techniques on archival tissue to track epidemiologic trends.

Argentina↗
PubMedDate not supplied

EBV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma in a pediatric renal transplant recipient.

A 7-year-old boy had undergone kidney transplantation for chronic renal failure secondary to bilateral renal hypoplasia. He developed acute and chronic rejection and received immunosuppressive therapy. A year later he died with EBV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. The main pathologic findings disclosed visceral (lung and stomach) and abdominal lymph node involvement of Kaposi's sarcoma and EBV-positive immunoblasts in several organs. In the lungs and lymph nodes these had the features of polymorphous lymphoimmunoblastic lesions. Because of the peculiar distribution of Kaposi's sarcoma lesions a pathogenetic hypothesis is proposed based on the site of entry of the virus. This case contributes to expanding the relationship between Kaposi's sarcoma and kidney transplantation in the pediatric population.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of early and late adenoviral proteins in fatal adenovirus bronchopneumonia.

The localization and distribution of three adenoviral proteins, hexon, E1A, and 55-kDa E1B, in 16 cases of fatal adenovirus bronchopneumonia in infants and children, are described. The proteins were immunohistochemically demonstrated in paraffin sections using monoclonal antibodies followed by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. The hexon antigen was present in inclusion-bearing bronchial, bronchiolar, and alveolar cells, mainly in the so-called rosette cells, as well as in necrotic debris in necrotizing areas. E1A antigen was also recognized in cells with nuclear inclusions where the reaction decorated the inclusion, nuclear chromatin, and cytoplasm but distributed mainly in alveolar cells and to a lesser extent in bronchial and bronchiolar cells. The 55-kDa E1B protein was extensively present in "activated," reactive-appearing, nuclei of bronchial, bronchiolar, and alveolar epithelial cells and in the cytoplasm of rare cells having nuclear inclusions. These activated nuclei did not stain for the other two antigens. "Smudge" cells reacted poorly or not at all with any of the antibodies. The reactivity found produced a sort of complementary pattern between the hexon-positive, inclusion-containing cells and the 55-kDa E1B-positive, inclusion-noncontaining cells. The relationships of present findings and virologic data are discussed.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Steinert's disease with cardiac arrhythmia. Morphological findings in the heart conduction system].

This is a case report of a 63-year-old man with myotonic dystrophy in whom an ECG showed atrial flutter, complete A-V block, idioventricular rhythm with image of left bundle branch block and giant, wide and negative "T-U" waves. The microscopic study of the conduction system showed slight fibrosis of the SAN, fatty infiltration and cellular atrophy of the AVN and bundle of HIS, as wells ad basophilic degeneration of a cell at the begining of the left branch and diffuse sclerosis of the left subendocardial ramifications. Advanced coronary atherosclerosis was also found. Since only two complete pathologic descriptions of the heart in myotonic dystrophy have been reported, no definitive specificity could be atributed to this findings. It is suggested that in the present case both coronary atherosclerosis and an intrinsic myocellular dystrophy could have contributed to the final lesions of the conducting system.

Arrhythmia, Sinus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liver pathology in children with AIDS: a comparison between the South American and North American population.

Liver tissue from autopsies of twenty-nine cases of children with AIDS were collected from three major South America (S.4) pediatric hospitals. The hepatopathologic findings were classified in the same fashion as in a series of sixty-one children with AIDS from North America (NA): inflammation, non-specific, lymphoproliferative disorders, and giant cell transformation. By comparing both groups. we noted that the SA children were Younger at time of death consistent with a more rapid progression of the disease. Opportunistic infections varied with a higher prevalence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in SA children. The histopathologic features of CMV in the liter of SA children were associated with a conspicuous inflammation absent in the NA group. Finally, different non-specific hepatic changes were found in SA children, including one case of peliosis hepatis.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic diagnosis of adenovirus bronchopneumonia.

The recognition of adenovirus-induced cytopathic changes in tracheal aspirates of two 7-month-old infants is reported. The smears showed cells containing nuclear inclusions with radiated strands ("rosette" cells), large homogeneously-staining nuclei ("smudge" cells) and nuclei with a "honeycomb" appearance. These findings appear to be distinctive for bronchopulmonary adenovirus infection, suggesting that the cytologic examination of tracheal aspirates may be a simple and cost-saving method for making an accurate diagnosis of this disease.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic characteristics of Wilms' tumors in fine needle aspirates. A study of ten cases.

The cytologic findings observed in fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy smears from ten cases of Wilms' tumor are reported. Blastemal cells, small, round cells with slightly oval nucleoli and fine, evenly dispersed chromatin, were recognized in all cases. Stromal (90%) and epithelial components (40%) were also present. Additional recognizable features were anaplasia (in two of three cases having histologic anaplasia), rosettes (four cases), necrosis (six cases) and inflammatory cells (six cases). In six cases, small fragments of tissue were also recovered for histologic examination after paraffin embedding. There were no complications attributable to the procedure. FNA cytology may be used as the sole diagnostic procedure for Wilms' tumors when preoperative chemotherapy protocols are in use.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anaplastic Wilms' tumor. Initial diagnosis by fine needle aspiration.

The diagnosis of a diffusely anaplastic Wilms' tumor in a ten-month-old child was first suggested by cytologic and histologic study of a fine needle aspirate. The mesenchymal component was predominant (75%) and exhibited some cells with hyaline, periodic acid-Schiff-positive, intracytoplasmic droplets. Foci of clear-cell carcinoma were also present. Only one case showing this histologic pattern in this unusual variant of Wilms' tumor has been reported previously.

Anaplasia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital herpes simplex virus infection diagnosed by cytology of aspirated tracheobronchial material.

Aspirated tracheal secretions from a ten-day-old newborn having signs of sepsis showed small clusters of cells with cytopathic changes consistent with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. The presence of type 2 HSV was confirmed by an immunoperoxidase procedure on the aspirated bronchial mucus and at necropsy in most of the viscera. Since prompt antiviral chemotherapy may favorably affect the outcome of HSV infections, early cytologic studies of tracheobronchial secretions may prove useful for rapid diagnosis.

Antigens, Viral↗