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Biomedical subjects

R Chilla

Publications and source records attributed to R Chilla.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[The Göttingen audiometric speech test for children. II. Speech audiometry of the pre-school child with a monosyllabic picture-test (author's transl)].

The Göttingen audiometric speech test was originally developed for testing three to four-year old children as well as retarded children. A refinement of this test supplements the original test in order to test five and six-year old children. This latter test follows the same advantages by using one-syllable nouns in combination with four different pictures. These pictures present words containing the same vowel but in contrast to the earlier test, the word list is expanded from twenty to 100 words. Standardization of the test was obtained by testing 62 five and six-year old normal children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Sialoadenosis produced by drug-treatment of hypertonicity. II. Experimental studies on the effects of guanethidine (Ismelin) on the submaxillary glands of the rat.

48 rats were treated with guanethidine (Ismelin) in order to study the side-effects on the submaxillary glands following application of a routinely used antihypertensive substance. In contrast to guanethidine-treated parotid glands, no retention of alpha-amylase was observed. The amylolytic activities of the glands are decreased both after treatment for 24 hrs and when a 3 week treatment had been followed by a 2 week recuperation period. This decrease of total amylase content runs parallel with alterations in the alpha-isoamylase patterns of the submaxillary glands. Furthermore, gland growth is inhibited by the guanethidine-mediated "pharmacological sympathectomy". We interpret these proteodyschylic changes of the submaxillary glands as a pharmacologically induced peripheral neurogenic sialoadenosis.

Amylases↗
PubMed1975

[Pharmacotherapy of hypertension and its significance for the function of the salivary glands (author's transl)].

The secretion mechanism of the large salivary glands at the level of the acinus cells is presented to explain the side effects "dryness of the mouth and initial parotid pain on chewing". The importance of adrenergic alpha- and beta-receptors and a cholinergic receptor in the acinus cell membrane is discussed in connection with the action of antihypertensives on the autonomic nervous system. Experiments on rat salivary glands after treatment with clonidine, guanoxan and propranolol serve as a basis for this.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Sialoadenosis produced by drug-treatment of hypertonicity. I. Experimental studies on the effects of guanethidine (Ismelin) on the parotid glands of the rat (author's transl)].

48 rats were treated with the antihypertensive drug, guanethidine; its effects on the parotid glands (alpha-amylase content, protein concentration, and isamylase distribution patterns) were investigated. The treatment significantly increased the amylase activity in the gland extracts as well as the concentration of isoamylases and their specific enzyme activities. Moreover, we found a redistribution of activity between the 4 isoamylases of the parotid glands. The observed changes are the manifestations of a proteodyschylia concomitant with a peripheral neurogenic sialoadenosis. The described alterations are fully reversible within two weeks after discontinuation of the guanethidine application.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effect of clonidine treatment on the salivary glands of the rat. Results of biochemical and histological investigations.

The side-effects of clonidine, dryness of the mouth and parotid pain, as displayed by this clinically frequently used antihypertensive drug prompted us to investigate its effect on the salivary glands of the rat. After daily intraperitoneal injections for 3 weeks clonidine decreased the specific amylase content of the submaxillary glands caused by fall of activity in 2 of the 4 isoamylases. On the other hand, both activity of alpha-amylase and its isoenzyme pattern remained unchanged in the parotid glands as did their histological and histochemical appearance. The lymph nodes situated in front of the submaxillary glands, however, were considerably affected showing large abscesses. In the adjacent glandular parenchyma, round cell infiltrations and, occasionally, acinic cell necroses were observed.

Amylases↗
PubMed1975

[Indication and timing of conservative surgery of peripheral neurogenic vocal cord pareses (author's transl)].

1. In every case of a vocal cord paresis, its cause should be carefully sought. 2. "Pseudopareses" of the vocal cord can be excluded by electromygraphy. 3. In all cases of neurogneic vocal cord praeses and regardless of aetiology, immediate phoniatric training is indicated for acceleration of nerve regeneration as well as electrostimulation for the prevention of muscular atrophy and ankylosis of the cricoarytenoid joint. 4. If such therapy is neglected, the functional results of spontaneous regeneration, neurolysis and nerve plasty are doubtful. 5. If in cases of mechanical lesions of the recurrent nerve one decides to operate, electromyography of the larynx and a mobility test of the cricoarytenoid joints to be done first. 6. Compression or overstretching of the nerve should be followed by neurolysis after 5 months, unless the nerve has regenerated spontaneously. 7. When the recurrent nerve has had to be served it should be repaired by anastomosis as soon as possible. 8. Judging by our experience in regeneration of the laryngeal nerves, we feel that operations for opening or closure of the glottis are indicated only after 2 years.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1975

[Spontaneous remission of objective tinnitus (author's transl)].

The presence of a systolic loud tinnitus over the right mastoid in a 21 year old male was established by auscultation and phonocardiograph recording. Selective angiography of the carotids excluded a vascular abnormality. The tinnitus, which persited for 1 year, disappeared spontaneously over a 4 week period. The cause and the course of this tinnitus are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Vasomotor rhinitis: a side-effect of hormonal contraception? (author's transl)].

In order to detect a possible influence of hormonal contraception on the development of vasomotor rhinitis, a five-months rhinoscopic survey was conducted on 460 women whose ages ranged from 18 to 40 years. 67 (32.7%) of the 205 women taking oral contraceptives, and 77 (30.2%) of a control group of 255 women were found to have vasomotor rhinitis. A questionaire was used in the survey, and included the following items: contraceptive preparation used, duration of use, and nasal distress associated with medication or prior pregnancies. In contrast to the findings of other authors, it was not possible to correlate the development of vasomotor rhinitis with the administration of oral contraceptives during the present study. Moreover, results were not altered by taking into account the composition of the different contraceptive drugs used. The statistical significance of the present study was established by the comparison of findings with a randomly selected control group of patients during the same period of time.

Contraceptives, Oral↗
PubMed1975

[On a biochemical model of neurogenic sialosis: studies in rats (author's transl)].

By studying the influence on rat-parotid glands of the antihypertensive drug, guanoxane (Envacar), we attempted to establish a biochemical model of a neurogenic sialosis. Protein content and alpha-amylase activity were determined in gland extracts and in polyacrylamide gel slabs after electrophoretic separation of equal amounts of parotid-gland protein. The values for both parameters showed a marked increase during the first week of treatment as compared with the controls, but decreased subsequently. After electrophoretic separation into 4 isoamylases, the activity per unit protein decreased with time in one group of isoenzymes and increased in another. We interpret these findings as a gradual shift in the isoamylase distribution pattern of the rats' parotid glands with increasing duration of a neurogenic sialosis of the peripheralvegetative type.

Amylases↗