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Biomedical subjects

R Berger

Publications and source records attributed to R Berger.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Bgb expression in relation to the HLA-B17 antigen splits Bw57 and Bw58 and the cross-reactions of anti-Bgb antibodies.

A substantial number of individuals typed as HLA-B17 do not have Bgb. To determine whether or not this discrepancy reflects genetic or ethnic group differences or the influence of B17 antigen subtypes, a large number of unrelated and related B17 individuals from the Caucasian, Hispanic, Black and Chinese ethnic groups were tested in parallel for Bgb and Bw57- or Bw58- B17 subtype. Higher Bgb expression was found in association with Bw57, but differences in expression of Bgb were also seen in different ethnic groups and in different related individuals carrying the same Bw57 or Bw58 haplotype. Genetic factors other than HLA thus influence the expression of HLa Antigens on red cells. Standard and antiglobulin lymphocytotoxicity tests indicate that all Bgb typing sera contain anti-Bw57 antilymphocyte antibodies and most also contain anti-Bw58 and cross-reacting anti-B12, B15 and/or Bw49 antibodies.

Alleles↗
PubMed1982

Monoclonal antibodies to the structural glycoprotein of tick-borne encephalitis virus.

Hybridomas secreting antibodies to the structural glycoprotein of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus were prepared by fusion of X63-Ag8/653 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from mice immunized with purified glycoprotein complexes of TBE virus. These antibodies were tested against 10 different TBE virus strains isolated in different European countries over a period of 26 years from different hosts. Quantitative evaluation of enzyme immunoassay results did not reveal any differences in reactivity among these strains, pointing further to the homogeneity of European TBE virus isolates, which has previously been inferred from results obtained by peptide mapping and competitive radioimmunoassay. Hybridomas defining three different antibody-combining sites (epitopes) on the glycoprotein of TBE virus were selected on the basis of cross-reactivity with another flavivirus. West Nile virus, as well as the ability to inhibit hemagglutination. Two epitopes were type specific, and the third was indistinguishably also present on West Nile virus. Hemagglutination was inhibited by monoclonal antibodies reacting with one of the type-specific epitopes as well as the cross-reactive determinant, which is apparently responsible for the broad cross-reactivity among different flaviviruses observed in hemagglutination inhibition tests with polyvalent immune sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The effects of posture on total respiratory compliance.

In 6 subjects, a minimum of 10 determinations of total respiratory compliance by the weighted spirometer technique was made in four different body positions: seated, supine, right lateral decubitus, and left lateral decubitus. The mean total respiratory compliance was 0.097 +/- 0.018 1/cmH2O; the mean individual coefficient of variation was 8%. There was no significant change in the total respiratory compliance with change in posture in any individual or in the group as a whole. In 6 patients with pulmonary disease, the total respiratory compliance determined by this technique and derived from measurements using the esophageal balloon was not significantly different. It is concluded that total thoracic compliance does not vary with posture in normal subjects, and that the weighted spirometer technique is reproducible and clinically applicable.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

OKA-SK-RIT Varicella vaccine for "primary" and for booster vaccinations.

In seronegative children--healthy and immunocompromised--and in seronegative adults, we have limited but very promising results--no side reactions and good antibody-conversions with clinical protection. Because--in spite of positive humoral antibodies--10 to 20% of people over the age of 50 have a negative cell-mediated immune response against VZ and are therefore presumed Zoster patients, VZ-booster vaccinations were done in this age group. A significant increase in humoral antibodies can be induced at least in half of these elderly. In 23 elderly with a negative specific cell-mediated immunity against VZ, a booster vaccination induced a strong positive cell-mediated immune response in 9 and no response in 5.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cytologic characterization and significance of normal karyotypes in t(8;21) acute myeloblastic leukemia.

A cytologic and cytogenetic study of 10 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation and t(8;21) translocation is reported. Despite a certain polymorphic appearance, the characteristic cytologic picture, consisting essentially of large myeloblasts with an abundant cytoplasma containing a large Auer rod, allowed the presence of the chromosome anomaly to be predicted. t(8;21) translocation was attended by the loss of a sex chromosome in 7 of 10 cases. The comparative study of mitoses using cytologic and cytogenetic techniques showed that cells exhibiting normal karyotypes were essentially erythroblasts. This finding suggests that the chromosome anomaly does not affect all the bone marrow cell lines. After short-term culture, the percentage of normal karyotype mitoses diminished, as did the number of mitoses in erythroblasts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Children born of leukemic parents. Apropos of 23 children].

We have studied the children born of leukemic parents who treatment had stopped. In total, 8 women (3 acute myeloblastic leukemias and 5 acute lymphoblastic leukemias) who gave birth to 11 children, and 6 men (all with acute lymphoblastic leukemias) who fathered 12 children were studied. Of these 23 children, two have a severe congenital malformation, one congenital hypopituitarism associated with mid-line defect, and one laparoschisis, and also two benign abnormalities were observed. The children with abnormalities had a leukemic mother, whilst no leukemic father had an abnormal child. It is well known that the toxic effect of chemotherapy is different in the male and the female gonad. These results are compared to those in the literature, and at present it appears difficult to form a clear opinion on the delayed teratogenic effect of chemotherapy. Fecundity and the risk for future generations are unknown. The opening of an international registry would be useful.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1981

[Correlation between variant translocation and the expression of immunoglobulin light chains in Burkitt-type lymphomas and leukemias].

The study--on continuous cell lines or on fresh tumor cells--of chromosomes and immunoglobulins from 29 Burkitt-type lymphomas or leukemias showed a strong correlation between translocation t (2; 8) and expression of kappa light chains on the one hand, and between translocation t (8; 22) and expression of lambda chains on the other. The positions of the genes that code for these immunoglobulin chains, on chromosomes 2 and 22, respectively, suggest a precise regional localization close to the break-points observed in the translocations (2p12 and 22q11). These results should make it possible to look for and identify the DNA sequences that are implicated in the malignant transformation of these cells, using molecular biology techniques.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1981

Deficiency of fumarylacetoacetase in a patient with hereditary tyrosinemia.

A patient is described with type I tyrosinemia characterized by urinary excretion of succinylacetone together with increased excretion of tyrosine, p-hydroxyphenyllactic, p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acids. Fumarylacetoacetase was measured in a liver biopsy and found to be very low compared to control liver. Furthermore the mass spectra of succinylacetone and fumarylacetoacetate (methoxime-TMS derivatives) are reported. Control jejunal mucosa, leucocytes and fibroblasts showed no enzyme activity; hence the prenatal diagnosis of this disease by measuring the fumarylacetoacetase activity in cultured amniotic fluid cells is not possible at present.

Acetoacetates↗
PubMed1981

[Translocation t (8; 21) and acute granulocytic leukemia: interpretation of normal mitoses].

Cytological and cytogenetic studies of nine acute granulocytic leukemia with t (8; 21) translocation were performed from the same bone marrow and blood cell samples. It was shown that the chromosome abnormality was restricted to leukemic cells and that normal metaphases were erythroblast mitoses. Using cell cultures in which only or mainly leukemic cells were able to divide permits easier detection of chromosomal aberrations. These results led us to postulate an inhibitory role of leukemic cells on the division of normal granulocytic cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1981

Discrepancy between G and R bands. Example of an acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.

An apparently different chromosome abnormality was observed in unstimulated blood cultures from an acute non-lymphocytic leukemic child: 11q- with G banding techniques and 17q- with R banding techniques. The abnormality is explained as a t(11;17) translocation, and the discrepancy between the G- and R-band patterns discussed.

Chromosome Banding↗