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Biomedical subjects

R Berger

Publications and source records attributed to R Berger.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Cytogenetics and acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias. Value of short-term cultures].

Normal and abnormal results of chromosome studies performed on 101 acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) patients were compared according to the bone marrow and/or blood cell culture times. A higher proportion of abnormal karyotypes was observed after culture than on direct preparations in acute promyelocytic leukemia and in acute myeloblastic leukemia with t(8-21) translocation; in some cases the chromosome abnormality seen after culture was not detected with the direct technique. No clear-cut differences in chromosome studies resulted when the differing techniques were applied to other forms of ANLL. In contrast the classification of individual patients into AA and AN categories differed in some cases when determined by direct or culture techniques. These results have to be taken into consideration in the study of relationships between chromosome anomalies and prognosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Prognostic value of chromosome anomalies in acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias].

The results of a cytogenetic study on 240 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia patients (187 adults and 53 children) were classified in NN (normal), AN (abnormal and normal) and AA (abnormal). Pronostic value of the classification was presented. A higher proportion of complete remission failures was observed in chromosomally abnormal patients (AN and AA). Survival of patients with complete remission was significantly shorter in AN and AA patients than in NN patients. An excess of constitutional chromosome abnormalities was observed in children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Correlation between immunoglobulin light chain expression and variant translocation in Burkitt's lymphoma.

Burkitt's-type lymphomas-leukaemias (BL) are monoclonal proliferations of malignant B lymphocytes. Irrespective of whether they carry the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome, these tumour cells have been shown consistently to have one of the specific reciprocal chromosome translocations, t(8; 14), t(2; 8) or t(8; 22), involving the long arm of chromosome 8 (on 8q24) and chromosome 14, 2 or 22 (on 14q32, 2p12 and 22q11, respectively). The latter chromosomes have been shown recently to carry genes for immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chains, and kappa and lambda light chains, respectively. Furthermore, the localization of kappa light chains within 2pcen-2p13 encompasses the breakpoint observed in Burkitt's translocation (2p12). It was therefore considered of interest to determine whether the expression of immunoglobulin chains in BL cells is related to the type of chromosomal anomalies observed. We report here that there is a direct relationship between expression of immunoglobulin light chains and specific type of translocation: BL cells with t(8; 22) express lambda chains, whereas those with t(2; 8) express kappa chains.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Benefits of the sperm (hamster ova) penetration assay in the evaluation of the infertile couple.

The males of 310 infertile couples and 30 control couples (current pregnancy) were evaluated with the sperm (hamster ova) penetration assay (SPA) and seminal fluid analysis (SFA). The SPA was found to have a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 97% compared to 41% and 90%, respectively, for the SFA. The highest degree of concordance of the two tests existed when both tests were abnormal and no female factor was identified. The poorest concordance occurred when the SFA was normal and no female infertility factor was identified. In almost all cases of unexplained infertility where no female infertility factor was present, the problem could be assigned to the man, as evidenced by an abnormal SPA. The SFA seemed to have some predictive value with respect to the outcome following treatment of the man.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Radical scavengers and the stability of 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals.

It was found that compounds, such as ene-1,2-diols, diphenyl derivatives, and certain oxidants, are suited to prevent decomposition of 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals. For effective stabilization of 99mTc(Sn)-DTPA different radioactive concentrations of 99mTcO-4 solution require different concentrations of stabilizers. As a possible reason for the decomposition of 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals radicals are discussed. Superoxide anion or hydroperoxyl radicals are especially taken into consideration.

Diphosphonates↗
PubMed1982

Acute monocytic leukemia chromosome studies.

Cytogenetic studies have been performed on 34 acute monocytic leukemia (M5) patients, 24 of the a type and 10 of the b type. No chromosomal abnormalities were found in 12 cases, in spite of the fact that the mitoses concerned monocytes. Different chromosomal aberrations were present in the other cases. In 12 of them, an abnormality of the chromosome 11 long arm was observed (mainly in the poorly differentiated type of M5), on bands q22-q24 in nine cases and on band q14 in three cases. The chromosome 11 long arm thus appears preferentially rearranged in M5 although this is not apparent in every case. Concomitant study of the mitoses with cytological and cytogenetic techniques suggests that erythroblasts may not be involved in the M5 leukemic process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Regulation of pokeweed mitogen-induced human B-cell differentiation: effects of hydrocortisone.

Hydrocortisone (HC), when added in pharmacologically attainable concentrations (10(-6)M) to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) cultures of unseparated human mononuclear cells (MNC) caused a marked enhancement of the in vitro secretion of all three major immunoglobulin (Ig) classes and of two out of three antibody specificities tested x (Ig) M anti-IgG antibodies and anti ss-DNA antibodies, but not anti-tetanus toxoid antibodies). Such an effect was not observed when HC was added to cocultures of isolated B cells with mitomycin C-treated autologous T cells. This result suggests, that HC effects on T-mediated suppressor mechanisms--rather than direct stimulatory effects--on B cells are involved in the observed enhancement of PWM induced in vitro B cell differentiation. One possible explanation for this phenomenon might be that HC, by inhibiting interleukin 2 release, inhibits also suppressor T-cell acitivation. This hypothesis would also fit the observation that HC significantly inhibits concanavalin A-mediated suppression of PWM-induced B cell differentiation, but that it has no effect on in vivo preactivated suppressor T cells from human cord blood.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗
PubMed1982

In vitro effects of cyclosporin A (CSA) on human hemopoietic cell lines.

The sensitivity of 18 permanent hemopoietic cell lines to Cyclosporin A (CsA) was tested in a 3H-thymidine incorporation rate assay. Two human T cell lines (Molt4 and CEM) were significantly inhibited by a CsA concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml. Not affected at all or only inhibited by 10 to 20 times higher CsA concentrations were: three human B cell lines (4413a, Daudi, Raji), a monkey B cell line (B95-8), a mouse plasmocytoma line (X63-Ag8/653), a human non-B T cell line (Reh), four human myeloid lines (HL-60, ML-1, ML-2, ML-3), a human myelomonocytic line (Karpas 230), four human monoblastic lines (U 937, SU-DHL-1, THP-1, Karpas 241) and a human erythroid line (K 562). It therefore seems that among permanently growing hemopoietic cells a cell type specificity for T cells also exists.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cytogenetic studies on Burkitt's lymphoma-leukemia.

Chromosome studies on 26 cases of Burkitt's cell malignancy are reported, including 7 lymphomas and 19 acute lymphocytic leukemias. A specific translocation was found in 26 of the patients: 20 t(8;14), 4 t(8;22), and 1 t(2;8). In one other case only 2 mitoses out of 59 were found to have a probable t(8;22) translocation. Additional chromosomal abnormalities were found in 15 of the patients, irrespective of whether they had or had not been treated before cytogenetic investigation. The most remarkable was a partial duplication of chromosome 1q. The presence of additional chromosomal abnormalities together with a specific translocation allows a distinction to be made between specific and secondary chromosome anomalies. The implications of the two types of aberrations for research into the molecular mechanisms of malignancy are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

C-banding studies in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

C-Banding studies were performed on cells of 100 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) patients. No differences were found among patients in regard to age or sex. When compared to 70 healthy controls, an excess of a symmetrical distribution of 9qh was found, mainly due to an increased incidence of changes at level 2 according to the Patil and Lubs classification.

Adult↗