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Biomedical subjects

R Berger

Publications and source records attributed to R Berger.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cytogenetic studies on African Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines: t(8;14), t(2;8) and t(8;22) translocations.

Cytogenetic studies on ten African Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines were performed. The usual translocation t(8;14) (q24;q32) was found in five of them, a deletion del(8) (q24 leads to qter) in another one, while four variants were observed, two of these having a t(2;8) (p12;q24) translocation and two a t(8;22) (q24;q11) translocation. Other chromosome abnormalities were seen in seven of the cell lines, but these varied from one cell line to another. Thus, variant translocations, such as we describe here, are found in endemic BL cases. Two of these variants are identical to those previously identified in BL from nonendemic areas. The common chromosome abnormality of these BL cell lines was a rearrangement of the 8q24 band. The role of this constant cytogenetic change remains to be elucidated.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1981

Characterization of human teratoma cell lines for their in vitro developmental properties and expression of embryonic and major histocompatibility locus-associated antigens.

Five human teratoma cell lines have been characterized for the presence of a certain number of marker antigens whose presence or absence has been shown to be characteristic of mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. Four out of the five lines have been shown to respond to at least some of the criteria associated with murine EC cells even though only limited in vitro differentiation could be demonstrated. The significance of certain unusual marker antigen combinations present on the cell line Tera I and its clones and so far unobserved for the murine model is discussed. The observation in Tera I populations of cells carrying simultaneously both the F9 and beta 2-microglobulin or HLA antigens, suggest that the human cell lines may represent a novel material for the study of mammalian differentiation.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Decrease of the lymphoproliferative response to varicella-zoster virus antigen in the aged.

Humoral antibodies and specific cellular immune reactions (proliferative immune response in the lymphocyte transformation test) to varicella-zoster virus antigen were measured in children, young adults, and elderly people. In children and young adults, the humoral varicella-zoster-specific antibodies and the virus-specific cellular immune response generally coincided. In the over-60 age group, however, a discrepancy was often observed between these parameters. Ninety percent of the elderly subjects showed humoral antibodies, but only 64% still had a measurable varicella-zoster-specific immune response. There was no correlation between the magnitude of the virus antigen-specific immune response and the mitogen-induced lymphoproliferative response (phytohemagglutinin stimulation). One in three elderly people, therefore, showed no cellular immune response to the varicella-zoster virus antigen, and this person could probably be regarded as a potential herpes zoster patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Angiographic prevalence of high-risk coronary artery disease in patient subsets (CASS).

The prevalence of coronary artery stenoses greater than or equal to 70% or left main stenosis greater than or equal to 50% was evaluated in 20,391 patients who underwent angiography in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study from 1975-1979. After the patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction were excluded, the disease prevalence in the 8157 patients with definite angina, probable angina, and nonspecific chest pain was 93%, 66% and 14% in men and 72%, 36% and 6% in women (p less than 0.001). The age and sex of the patients and character of chest pain were important determinants of disease prevalence and severity. Left main or three-vessel coronary disease occurred in more than 50% of middle-aged men and older women with definite angina and in more than 50% of men who had probable angina and were older than 60 years of age. In contrast, left main coronary disease occurred in less than 2% of 1282 men and less than 1% of 1397 women with nonspecific chest pain regardless of age. In this latter patient subset, less than 5% of men and less than 1% of women in each decade under 60 years had left main or three-vessel coronary artery disease. Thus, high-risk coronary disease is common in middle-aged patients with definite angina and older patients with probable angina, but is rare in patients with nonspecific chest pain. Indications and guidelines for diagnostic noninvasive tests and coronary angiography could be based on these results.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Karyotypes and cell phenotypes in acute leukemia following other diseases.

Acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias following other blood disorders or exposure to possible oncogenic agents were analyzed for cytological and cytogenetical characteristics. "Secondary' acute leukemias (AL) were often found to be unclassifiable in the FAB system. Monosomy 7 was associated with megakaryocytic cell line abnormalities. Variation of cytological and cytogenetical patterns was correlated in the whole sample and in a sample of 10 postpolycythemia vera blood disorders.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1981

Karyotype and cell phenotypes in primary acute leukemias.

This paper reviews the chromosomal and cytological patterns in acute leukemias (AL) and attempts to establish a correlation with the FAB classification. In fact, these studies are useful in distinguishing different forms of AL and in understanding the nature of the cell from which the malignant clone originated. As shown by the results obtained from the study of acute promyelocytic leukemia, for instance, these studies also provide a likely explanation for the lack of chromosome abnormalities in certain cases of AL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Acute miliary blastomycosis after 'short-course' corticosteroid treatment.

A previously healthy patient who had received oral prednisone, 30 mg/day for 12 days, was initially seen with acute respiratory failure caused by miliary blastomycosis. This case was even more unusual because the pulmonary involvement was preceded by monoarticular arthralgias immediately before the corticosteroid therapy. The time course of these events--arthralgias, short-course prednisone therapy, and acute miliary blastomycosis--strongly suggests a relationship other than just coincidental. Treatment consisted of intravenous amphotericin B and discontinuation of therapy with the corticosteroids, and our patient is satisfactorily recovering.

Blastomycosis↗
PubMed1981

[Induced leukemias. Cytogenetical and cytological aspects. Comparison with primitive leukemias (author's transl)].

25 presumably induced leukemias, either following treatment (lymphoma, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, cancers) or after exposure to oncogenic agents have been studied cytogenetically and cytologically. Complex chromosomal abnormalities were associated with a difficult cytological classification. Complete monosomy 7 with presence of micromegacaryocytes and macroplatelets was observed in 7 cases. The findings observed in induced leukemias were compared with those found in "primitive" leukemias showing the same chromosomal patterns. The same relationships between cytology and cytogenetics have been observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Operative risk factors in patients with left main coronary-artery disease.

To identify the factors associated with operative mortality, we evaluated clinical, angiographic, and surgical variables in 1172 patients with left main coronary-artery stenoses of at least 50 per cent, who underwent coronary-bypass procedures in the Collaborative Study in Coronary Artery Surgery (CASS). The operative mortality was 4.2 per cent overall and was less than 3 per cent in seven of the 15 participating hospitals. Historical variables associated with an increase in operative mortality were age, female sex, and duration and severity of angina. Other variables associated most closely with poor survival were urgency of operation, left coronary-artery dominance, severity of left main coronary-artery stenosis, and impairment of left ventricular contraction. The results of this multicenter study show that aortocoronary bypass surgery in patients with left main coronary-artery disease can be performed with a low mortality and that patients at high risk can often be identified before surgery.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

[Translocations t(2;8) and t(8;22) in continuous cell lines of African Burkitt's lymphoma].

Chromosome studies were performed by EBV positive African Burkitt lymphoma cell lines. Variant translocations were found in 4 cases: two with t(2;8) (p12;q23 ou 24) and two with t(8;22) (q23 or 24;q11). Identical translocations were observed in EBV positive or negative non-african lymphomas or Burkitt type leukemia. These results show the uniqueness of Burkitt lymphoma leukemia and stress the importance of chromosome 8 rearrangement in this tumor.

Africa, Western↗
PubMed1980

[Abscence of chromosomes abnormalities and acute leukemia : relationships with normal bone marrow cells].

The absence of chromosome abnormalities in 50% of human acute leukemias stress the significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in malignancies. Karyotypically normal cells from acute leukemias were shown to be non leukemic cells by cytological and cytogenetic comparisons. Chromosomally normal acute promyelocytic leukemias could be explained by differences between proliferation rates of bone marrow cells and by bias when choosing metaphases to be analysed. The role of chromosomal abnormalities in acute leukemia must be therefore questioned from a new definition of cytogenetic methods.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[The state of measles immunity and the success quota of measles vaccination in Basle nursery and elementary school pupils].

Measles antibody determinations in kindergarten and primary school children in Basle-City showed that today just under 10% of 10-year-olds and roughly 25% of 5-year-olds have no immunity to measles. In the 10-year-old primary school children the effects of measles immunization are not yet markedly apparent, whereas almost half the kindergarten children already owe their measles immunity to immunization. No measles antibodies could be detected in 13,7% of the subjects who, according to their official vaccination certificates, had previously been immunized against measles. Most of these failures are probably due to careless routine immunization techniques.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of chlormethin chlorhydrate on the chromosomes in Fanconi's anemia: application to diagnosis and detection of heterozygotes].

Nitrogen mustard added at final concentration of 0.008 5 microgram/ml after 1 day to culture of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes increased drastically the level of chromosome breakage in Fanconi's anemia (FA) patients. A clear distinction between FA patients and FA parents or controls was therefore possible. Nitrogen mustard at the same concentration added to the culture since their initiation increased the SCE levels in FA heterozygotes significantly compared with controls, allowing the diagnosis of the heterozygous state.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1980

Chromosomal studies of leukemic and preleukemic Fanconii's anemia patients: examples of acquired 'chromosomal amplification.'.

Cytogenetic studies of three Fanconi's anemia patients are reported, one of the patients having erythroleukemia, the other two preleukemia. Clonal abnormalities were present in all three cases. Partial chromosomal duplication uncommon in other leukemias was observed. Partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 3 has been observed in the present case of erythroleukemia examined as well as in a previously reported one.

Adolescent↗