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Biomedical subjects

R Berg

Publications and source records attributed to R Berg.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Effect of frequent amnioscopies on the course of labor and the puerperium].

It is reported on 230 pregnant women who had been examined with the amnioscope shortly before the delivery 5 times and more. The type of delivery, the course of delivery and childbed are analysed and compared with a group of the same number of patients who were examined with the amnioscope only once. A higher operative frequency of deliveries or an increasing number of feverish courses of delivery and childbed could not be recognized with the frequently examined patients. The correctness of the amnioscopy in the present procedure has been emphasized.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1985

A totally implanted venous access system for the delivery of chemotherapy.

The use of an Ommaya Capsule-Catheter System for the delivery of chemotherapy in cancer patients with inadequate peripheral veins has been studied over a 6-year period. Between 1978 and 1984, 76 Ommaya capsules were implanted in 68 patients, providing a collective experience of over 28,000 venous access days. Two patients were lost to follow-up. The results of the capsule-catheter system performance indicates a functional rate of over 90%. The complications included a 6.7% catheter occlusion rate, and a 2.7% capsule leakage rate. This accounts for an overall catheter related complication rate of 9.4%.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

Effect of oral antibiotics and bacterial overgrowth on the translocation of the GI tract microflora in burned rats.

Infections in burned patients have generally been considered to arise from exogenous organisms. Consequently, the therapy of burned patients has emphasized the use of infection control policies and topical antimicrobial agents to reduce bacterial colonization. Even though enteric bacteria are frequently found in the burn wound little attention has been paid to the patient's own GI tract microflora as a potential source of organisms colonizing the burn wound. The current experiments were carried out to determine if the bacteria present in the GI tract of healthy animals would penetrate (translocate) through the GI mucosa and spread to visceral organs after a moderate or major thermal injury. The results of these experiments indicated that bacteria can translocate across the wall of the GI tract and survive in the mesenteric lymph nodes in healthy rats. Furthermore, when the GI tract microflora is altered, either due to bacterial overgrowth or under the influence of oral antibiotic therapy, not only will bacteria translocate to the mesenteric lymph nodes but bacteria will also spread to other visceral organs. The results of these experiments support the hypothesis that the GI tract can serve as a reservoir for nosocomial infections in the burned patient, since bacteria can translocate across the mucosal barrier of the GI tract after thermal injury and survive in visceral organs before colonization of the burn wound occurs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Central nervous system morbidity following an initial isolated central nervous system relapse and its subsequent therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The frequency and types of major CNS toxicity and morbidity were analyzed in 107 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) following an isolated primary CNS relapse. Seventy-nine (73%) have had multiple subsequent marrow or CNS relapses requiring intensive and prolonged therapy to the CNS. Median survival time is two years. Of these 79 patients, two thirds have had one or more types of major CNS toxicity, including epileptiform seizures (35), moderate to severe structural abnormalities (24 of 27 evaluated), major motor disabilities (9), blindness (2), CNS infection (6), cranial nerve palsies (2), and intracranial lymphoma (2). The remaining 28 patients (26%) have had no or one additional CNS relapse and have received therapy for a median of eight years. One half of this surviving group of patients have had major CNS toxicity, including seizures (9), major motor disability (2), and intracranial calcifications (12/19). When neuropsychologic evaluations were compared between the 28 survivors and 50 of their contemporaries who had been in initial continuous complete remission, the CNS survivors had significantly lower Full Scale IQ scores (83 +/- 16 v 99 +/- 14, P = less than .001) with similarly lower measures of academic performance. The relative contributions of meningeal leukemia itself and intrathecal or radiation therapy to these effects cannot be determined. Since major CNS sequelae occurred in the majority of patients who had a primary isolated CNS relapse, and the frequency of CNS relapse is dependent on the efficacy of the method of CNS prophylaxis, the best method of avoiding major CNS sequelae is the most effective form of CNS prophylaxis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Prophylactic cerclage in placenta praevia?].

In 12 patients a placenta previa was diagnosed sonographically between 17th and 24th gestational week. A prophylactic cerclage was done in all of them between 18th and 24th week. In no case a placenta previa could be proved by ultrasonic controls. Because of the so called migration of the placenta prophylactic measurements are indicated only after the 30th gestational week. A persistent pathological insertion has to be taken into account only at this moment.

Female↗
PubMed1985

[Retroperitoneal tumor in the pelvis].

Report on a 40 years old patient, who was operated on with suspicion of ovarian tumor or pelvic kidney without function. We discovered a tumor of a size of two fists situated retroperitonally without perceptible starting point. Histologically it could be proved as leiomyoma. Simultaneously there was an aplastic kidney. References to diagnostic and surgical technical problems are given.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Extragenital neoplasm and pregnancy].

Report on a patient aged 28 years, in whom a hemangiopericytoma at the right upper thigh was diagnosed in the 24th gestational week. Therapy, course of pregnancy, delivery and fatal end of the disease are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Quality control of the self-measurement of blood sugar in unselected type I diabetics. The importance of patient training].

Unselected type I diabetics were hospitalized for group training and treatment programme during which blood-sugar was self-monitored with the Haemo-Glukotest 20-800; quality of self-monitoring improved appropriately. The patients had taken part in either the standard training programme (67 patients) or in the "intensive" training programme (101 patients). At the beginning of the training week, after the first theoretical and practical instructions, the quality of blood-sugar self-monitoring was equally poor among patients of both programmes. At the end of the "standard" training week, self-monitoring results were still unsatisfactory, though slightly better than at the onset. Because of these poor results, the training programme was intensified. Optimal quality of self-monitoring was then achieved at the end of the training period. In 69 others, also unselected, type I diabetics the quality of self-monitoring was determined 14 months after their participation in the training programme. Using the Haemo-Glukotest 20-800 (57 patients), self-monitoring gave excellent results; using a blood-glucose measuring instrument (12 patients) it was slightly worse. Assuming intensive training, even unselected type I diabetics can obtain accurate blood-sugar measurements using test-strips.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Promotion by burn stress of the translocation of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tracts of mice.

A mouse burn model was established to test the effect of nonlethal thermal injury on the translocation of indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to other organs. Specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice were given 15% or 30% total body surface area burns, and the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleens, livers, blood, and peritoneal cavities were cultured for translocated bacteria at various time intervals. No viable aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, or strictly anaerobic bacteria of the indigenous flora grew in cultures from the MLNs of these mice. Consequently, SPF mice were antibiotic decontaminated and then colonized with Escherichia coli to develop a model in which E coli maintains abnormally high cecal population levels and translocates continuously to the MLN. These mice received 15% or 30% thermal burns four days after colonization with E coli. The incidence of bacterial translocation and the numbers of E coli translocating to the MLN, spleen, liver, blood, and peritoneal cavity increased with increasing burn area compared with controls. Mice receiving 15% burns could not clear intravenously challenged E coli from their bloodstream, MLN, or liver. Thus, burn stress promotes the translocation of bacteria from the GI tract to other organs to cause bacteremia.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Separation and evaluation of the cis and trans isomers of hydroxyprolines: effect of hydrolysis on the epimerization.

A procedure has been developed which can detect the hydroxyproline isomers trans-4-hydroxyproline (Hyp), trans-3-hydroxyproline, cis-4-hydroxyproline, and cis-3-hydroxyproline present in hydrolysates of collagens. The method involves hydrolyzing collagen, and reacting the primary amino acids with o-phthaladehyde (OPA) and the hydroxyprolines and proline with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) which combines specifically with secondary amino acids. The proline and hydroxyprolines are then separated by thin-layer chromatography and quantified by using a scanning spectrofluorometer. The method was used to show that both trans-4-L-hydroxyproline and trans-3-L-hydroxyproline were epimerized as a function of hydrolysis time to the cis isomers. An appreciable amount of trans-3-Hyp was degraded. Hydrolysis with 6 N HCl in the presence of 6% trichloroacetic acid gave greater epimerization than the 6 N HCl alone. Alkaline hydrolysis in 0.2 M Ba(OH)2 caused more epimerization of trans-4-Hyp and trans-3-Hyp compared with acid hydrolysis but less degradation, so that alkaline hydrolysis is proposed for the evaluation of trans-3-Hyp, provided that the total of the cis and trans isomers be considered in this case.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1984

Penile implants in erectile impotence: outcome and prognostic indicators.

In a prospective, multi-disciplinary study thirteen men with protracted, organic erectile impotence were examined before and after penile implantation. Outcome after one year was judged as favourable in nine, doubtful in two, and unfavourable in two cases. Neurotic functioning was unexpectedly common in the group and the more neurotic subjects fared less well after surgery and reported less benefit from it. Findings in the preoperative psychiatric examination that correlated significantly with unsuccessful outcome were immature and neurotic, particularly hysterical traits, low sexual drive, low sexual activity, disavowal of ambivalence towards penile implantation and high "femininity" scores on a sex role inventory, the Gough Femininity Scale.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Surgical intervention in acute myocardial infarction.

The goal of surgical reperfusion during the first hours of acute evolving myocardial infarction is to limit the extent of the infarction. This should be reflected by improved ventricular function and low mortality. Over the past 10 years, 440 patients with transmural myocardial infarction and 261 patients with nontransmural myocardial infarction underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery within 24 hours of peak symptoms. The in-hospital mortality was 5.2% in the transmural group and 3% in the non-transmural group. In a 10-year study period, the mortality in the transmural group rose to 12.5%, while the mortality in the nontransmural group, followed for an 8-year period, rose to a total of 6.5%. The transmural myocardial infarctions in patients revascularized within 6 hours, showed a significantly improved in-hospital mortality of 3.8% compared to an in-hospital mortality of 12% for reperfusion after 6 hours. Anterior transmural areas of myocardial infarctions were reperfused within 6 hours of symptom onset, and demonstrated improved global ejection fraction and regional wall motion. Little improvement was seen if revascularization was instituted later than 6 hours from symptoms except in patients with adequate collateral perfusion of non-total left anterior descending coronary occlusion. Long-term follow-up of patients revascularized for acute myocardial infarction shows a low rate of subsequent reinfarction, incapacitating angina and sudden death. Left ventricular function at the time of cardiac catheterization correlates well with subsequent long-term mortality.

Journal Article↗