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Biomedical subjects

P Rey

Publications and source records attributed to P Rey.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

[Concept: occupational medicine 2000].

The group of physicians practising occupational medicine in Switzerland is actually still small, and it will need a very important development to reach, on a nation-wide base and not only within a few large companies, a standard of occupational medicine which satisfies from a social security as well as from an economical point of view. The occupational medicine has, therefore, to elucidate to the social partners and to the public the benefit for health and public welfare of its preventive activity at the workplace. The following goals are thus to be pursued: Further development of a legal basis in Switzerland equal to the standard of the neighbouring countries of the European Community Provision of sound models assuring occupational medical care of all business, in particular of the small and middle-sized business Promotion of student's education, specialist formation and continuative schooling in occupational medicine Provision of an adequate university teaching and research capacity with firm links to the practice A more powerful and competent representation of occupational medical aspects in actual discussions of health legislation and social legislation.

Forecasting↗

[Working women and the health of female workers].

Working women in Switzerland are rarely exposed to severe occupational injuries and diseases, just because they are not employed in hazardous industries, such as the building industry. It does not mean unfortunately, that the type of work which is mostly offered to them is pleasant and comfortable. Bad and stressful working conditions are very common in traditional industries such as the textile or the food industry. Moreover, the new technology introduced more constrain in underqualified jobs, such as high working speed and prolonged sitting posture. For the family physician, it is thus very important to take care of the health of unskilled female workers. As far as female executives are concerned, they do not need any medical help; to work is for them a pleasure and they know perfectly well when and why they need to visit their physician.

Accidents, Occupational↗

[Intubation of proximal biliary stenoses using a new surgical endoprosthesis].

Thirty patients with high biliary tract strictures were treated by a new surgical endoprosthesis, the tolerance of which has been tested experimentally. It is flexible, radiopaque and incompressible with spurs which prevent migration. Following choledochotomy, the endoprosthesis is positioned surgically above the sphincter of Oddi, thereby avoiding ascending cholangitis. Twenty-nine cases presented with neoplastic compression by an inoperable cancer and one case had an early postoperative stricture with loss of substance after right hepatectomy for hepatic metastases. The 29 cancers included 13 gallbladder cancers, 11 cholangiocarcinomas, 10 of which were hilar, and 5 metastatic compressions due to gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas. In three cases, there was loss of substance of biliary tract after intubation. The operative mortality was 3.3% (one pulmonary complication). Resolution of jaundice was obtained in all but 2 cases and pruritus always resolved. The mean survival of the patients with cholangiocarcinoma was 12.2 months while that of patients with gallbladder cancer was 6.33 months with indices of satisfaction, calculated by Bismuth's method, varying between 71% (gallbladder cancer) and 93.5% (hilar cholangiocarcinoma). The patient operated for benign stricture secondary to a hepatectomy scar for metastases died from lung metastases without jaundice after 48 months. The only late complications were 2 cases of cholangitis treated medically, one of which was due to obstruction of the endoprosthesis at the 13th month. The authors conclude that this new type of surgical endoprosthesis constitutes an alternative in the palliative treatment of neoplastic hilar compressions.

Cholestasis↗

[Divergent opinions concerning the perception of chemical risk].

In Switzerland, employers and employees are requested to settle together the amount of risk and priorities for each industrial activity, for the needs of a federal commission in charge of occupational health specialists. After our results, this aim will be difficult to achieve, since the feelings of employers and employees on similar safety problems vary widely. In particular, chemical risks did not evoke similar reactions in employers and employees of the French and of the German-speaking regions. In order to help employers and employees to reach a consensus, a method will be developed in a near future.

Attitude to Health↗

Loss of substance in bile ducts treated by a new surgical endoprosthesis.

Three cases of loss of substance of the common bile duct in patients with neoplastic disease treated by a new surgical endoprosthesis are reported. In all patients a good biliary drainage was obtained without a biliary fistula. There were no complications related to this method. Long-term follow-up showed persistence of the good immediate results. Surgical endoprostheses might be an alternative in cases with peroperative loss of substance of the common bile duct in patients with neoplastic disease to hepato-enteric anastomoses.

Aged↗

[Principles of decisional analysis applied to the screening for occupational diseases: the example of occupational fluorosis].

In this paper, two oral presentations are combined. The first described the broad aspects of decision analysis and the second mentioned those medical data which need to be gathered in order to apply the model to industrial fluorosis. For this purpose, biological and medical observations were collected, both from workers of the aluminium industry and from controls. The five successive steps for building up a decision tree are then demonstrated, the aim of which being to evaluate the fitness of a screening strategy. A computer programme has been developed which may be applied both to occupational or non occupational diseases. Referring to industrial fluorosis, the computerized decision tree showed that screening with preshift urinary fluor, clinical and radiological signs, plus bone fluor rate is required, as soon as the risk corresponds to a 7% prevalence of the disease.

Aluminum↗

[A data bank of international studies on pollution. Possibilities for its use by Switzerland].

GRID (Global Resource Information Data Base) is part of GEMS (Global Environment Monitoring System), which is controlled by the United Nations in its programme on the protection of the environment. Recently, GRID-processor premices have been provided by the University of Geneva. The main preoccupation of GRID is to capture, analyse and distribute data concerning environment: soil types, water resources, vegetation, animal population, human settlements, socio-economical data and, what is more important to us, data on air pollution. GRID facilities are at the disposal of international organisations which are concerned by the environment, as well as all research workers involved in this field of research. In our article, the organisational as well as modelling possibilities of GRID are presented and illustrated. A proposal is made to use GRID's facilities for Swiss epidemiological studies, on the effects of air pollution on human health.

Air Pollution↗

A microcomputer-based system for real-time calculation of airway conductance in awake guinea pigs.

Bronchial responsiveness to various drug stimuli is currently studied by constructing cumulative dose-response curves of specific respiratory conductance (SG). Airway conductance can be measured in guinea pigs by the plethysmographic technique, during the rapid transition from expiration to inspiration (TEI). Since the drug action assigns a strict timing to the experiment, conventional methods of measuring SG prove inconvenient and often lack accuracy. A computerized data acquisition system has therefore been developed to recognize TEI and calculate SG in real time. This paper describes the significant features of the program DOREMI, and gives an illustrative example of the system in use.

Airway Resistance↗

New fiber for ligament and tendon prosthesis.

A new material has been used as tendon and ligament prosthesis on animals. The long-term clinical results obtained after ACL and Achilles tendon replacement suggest an adequate tolerance and a function of the prosthesis.

Acrylic Resins↗

[Occupational medicine in Switzerland: wishes and reality].

Some results on occupational health are presented, based on a questionnaire named "Integration of occupational health in the Swiss sanitary system", which was mailed to every industrial societies employing more than 100 persons and unions in Switzerland. The results show differences between societies and unions as well as between the two main linguistic areas and that the largest societies are more in favour of the expansion of occupational health than the smallest.

Accidents, Occupational↗

[The impact of profile cephalometry on the surgical treatment of antero-posterior dysmorphosis of the jaws].

We habitually use cephalometric analysis to confirm the diagnosis of a latero-facial deformity. A photographic examination completes the clinical evaluation, with the study of the aesthetic profile. For treatment, after study of the dental occlusion (use of study models and surgical set-up of the teeth) this analysis permit-us to determine the ideal place of the maxilla or the mandible.

Adult↗