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Biomedical subjects

P Moreno

Publications and source records attributed to P Moreno.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Protein subtype polymorphisms (Gc and Tf) in a Catalan population from Gerona (northeastern Spain).

The Tf and Gc polymorphic subtype variants have been examined by means of isoelectric focusing in a population sample from two subpyrenean regions in the province of Gerona (Northeast Spain). The estimated allele frequencies were Tf*C1 = 0.774, Tf*C2 = 0.167, TF*C3 = 0.055, TF*B = 0.004; Gc*1F = 0.129, Gc*1S = 0.555 and Gc*2 = 0.316. These values are in general similar to those so far reported in other Spanish populations. The comparisons between our data and those published in Spain, indicate that the present sample is closer to Barcelona than to the other groups compared.

Alleles↗
PubMed1987

Effects of galanin on hormone secretion from the in situ perfused rat pancreas and on glucose production in rat hepatocytes in vitro.

UNLABELLED: Galanin is a novel peptide, widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system, including nerve endings surrounding the pancreatic islets. In dogs, galanin infusion has been reported to induce hyperglycemia along with a reduction of circulating insulin. In this work, we have studied the effect of galanin (a 200 ng bolus followed by constant infusion at a concentration of 16.8 ng/ml for 22-24 min) on insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin secretion in the perfused rat pancreas. In addition, we have investigated the effect of galanin (10 and 100 nM) on glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes. In the rat pancreas, galanin infusion marked inhibited unstimulated insulin release as well as the insulin responses to glucose (11 mM), tolbutamide (100 mg/liter) and arginine (5 mM). Galanin failed to alter the glucagon and somatostatin responses to glucose, tolbutamide, and arginine. In isolated rat hepatocytes, galanin did not influence glycogenolysis or glucagon phosphorylase a activity. Gluconeogenesis and the hepatocyte concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate were also unaffected by galanin. IN CONCLUSION: in the perfused rat pancreas, galanin inhibited insulin secretion without modifying glucagon and somatostatin output, thus pointing to a direct effect of galanin on the B cell; and in rat hepatocytes, galanin did not affect glycogenolysis or gluconeogenesis; hence, the reported hyperglycemia induced by exogenous galanin does not seem to be accounted for by a direct effect of this peptide on hepatic glucose production.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Duodenopancreatic injuries. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations apropos of 25 cases].

A review of a homogeneous series of 25 cases of duodenopancreatic injuries emphasizes the serious nature of the lesions operated upon at the acute pancreatitis stage. An early diagnosis of these duodenopancreatic lesions is essential since they are often included in the context of multiple injuries. Principal diagnostic difficulties arise in lesions due to contusion without associated intra-abdominal injuries. In these cases ultrasound and CT scan imaging provide valuable data, particularly the latter exploration which is 89% reliable in demonstrating pancreatic morphology. Treatment differs as a function of presence of isolated or combined duodenal and pancreatic lesions and of lesional type. It should be as conservative as possible, although exeresis for lesions of body and tail of pancreas is currently performed more frequently.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Somatostatin, insulin and glucagon secretion by the perfused pancreas from the cysteamine-treated rat.

In rats, administration of a single dose of cysteamine (300 mg/kg, intragastrically) induces a depletion of pancreatic somatostatin content (approximately 60%) without modifying pancreatic insulin or glucagon content. In perfused pancreases from cysteamine-treated rats, there was a lack of somatostatin response to glucose, arginine or tolbutamide. In the absence of stimulated somatostatin release, the secretory responses of insulin and glucagon to glucose, to arginine, and to tolbutamide were not significantly different from those observed in pancreases from control rats. Our data do not support the concept that pancreatic somatostatin plays a major role in the control of insulin and glucagon release.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Value of ultrasonics in painful hip in children].

The authors report their experience concerning echography in 40 children. They emphasize its importance in the painful hip. All patients suffered with a painful limping with normal standard front and profile X-Rays. Echography appears to be a test both simple and reliable to discern synovial extravasation (no false positive). Yet, it is not able to predict the kind of effusion. More especially, echography is not limited to the very diagnosis of extravasation: in acute transient synovitis, it shows an enlargement of the joint cavity, with no effusion, giving evidence of the inflammatory synovial reaction, in arthritis, it allows a good survey, pointing out healing under treatment, persistent extravasation commanding iterative succions, and the coming out of an articular septation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Topographic and developmental study of primary osteochondritis of the hip by x-ray computed tomography].

The authors have studied 40 normal hips and 69 hips affected by Perthes' disease by computerised axial tomography. A classification proposed into three groups according to the extent of epiphyseal involvement. Type A comprises peripheral and limited abnormalities. Type B is concerned with more or less extensive central necrosis with an unaffected posterior area. Type C comprises involvement of the whole epiphysis. This classification allows a prognosis to be made. Type C patients were sub-divided into two groups--before and after 5 years of age. It was only in the latter group that excentration was observed. The authors note the considerable advantage of computerised axial tomography in the assessment of the degree of excentration.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Unusual viruslike particles in chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis in childhood.

Liver biopsies from 16 children with clinical and pathologic evidence of chronic hepatitis have been examined by electron microscopy for cytoplasmic and nuclear changes. Parallel studies by radioimmunoassay on sera from the same patients support the diagnosis of all these cases as non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB). Ultrathin sections of the liver biopsies demonstrated in one case intranuclear hepatitis B virus-like core particles, 25 nm diameter. In a second biopsy from the same patient, the corelike particles could still be observed. This finding could be used either to support the thesis that a NANB virus is a member of the hepadnavirus group or to reflect the existence of seronegative cases of chronic HBV infection. Furthermore, we have observed in some mononuclear cells from the inflammatory infiltrate of a portal tract, some structures that resemble virus budding. There is a striking similarity between the morphology of these particles (which are enveloped and possess projections) and the ultrastructure of retrovirus.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1984

Non-Q wave myocardial infarction. Pathophysiology and prognostic implications.

Non-Q wave myocardial infarctions, also known as nontransmural myocardial infarctions or subendocardial myocardial infarctions, have been managed as "mild" coronary events in the past. Substantial evidence now requires modification of this approach. Because of their tendency to be associated with modest cardiac enzyme level elevations, non-Q wave infarcts often result in a favorable early or inhospital prognosis. However, their late complications include recurrent angina, transmural myocardial infarction, and sudden death. Previous myocardial infarction with residual myocardium "at risk" from recurrent ischemia probably bears responsibility for these late complications. Earlier identification of patients at risk and appropriate interventions may improve the long-term prognosis after nontransmural infarcts.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Odontoid bone. Apropos of a case].

Reporting a clinical observation, the authors emphasize upon the extreme scarceness of this variety of so called "congenital" pseudarthrosis of the odontoid process. The congenital origin, due to a lack of fusion, or the acquired one by avascular necrosis following a trauma is explained. The diagnosis may be clinical, consisting either on a vertebral syndrome occurring in childhood, or on a neurological syndrome in the adult age. It is mainly radiological : A scanner investigation is presented here. Owing to the potential neurological severity of the disease, the posterior fusion has to be recommanded.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1980

Effects of feedback and reinforcement in tachistoscopic training on a fault-detection task.

This study looked at possible differential effects of feedback and reinforcement on a stimulated fault-detection task. Volunteer college students, 11 females and 13 males, participated in the study. Subjects were assigned to three different groups and tachistoscopically presented with series of slides of intact and faulty cups randomly arranged. Subjects in Group 1 were shown a highly preferred slide following each correct detection (positive reinforcement). In Group 2, subjects received a second, longer presentation of every item responded to and every critical one omitted (knowledge of results). Subjects in Group 3 faced a blank screen during inter-stimulus intervals (practice control). Detection scores along five decreasing stimulus presentation times were recorded. Data indicate the treatment conditions as equally efficient and significantly better than the control condition. However, performance of the control group did improve significantly throughout training which suggests the use of tachistoscope as a training device per se. Commission and omission errors did not differ significantly within treatments, though both types of error were significantly elevated for the control group. A possible dissociation between the effects of reinforcers and feedback is discussed, and experiments which would tax higher levels of information processing are suggested to probe this issue further.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Quantitative variations of hematological properties during growth in Spanish school children from Barcelona].

A sample of n = 836 male students between 9 and 16 years from Barcelona was analysed for quantitative variations of various hematological characters during growth. The results were compared with a sample of n = 194 adult males between 20 and 45 years. No statistically significant variations were found concerning the levels of calcium, ureic nitrogen, glutamate-oxal-acetat-transaminase (s-GOT), serum albumin and total serum protein. Against that, marked and statistically significant age variations were seen for the levels of alkaline serum phosphatase, glucose, anorganic phosphorus, cholesterol, and uric acid. These variations are without doubt associated with the metabolic processes during growth. Unexplained remain the age variations concerning the bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Out of the serum protein fractions only the alpha1- and gamma globulins showed some age variations: The alpha1-fraction increases between 10 and 16 years, the gamma fraction decreases between 9 and 14.

Adolescent↗