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Biomedical subjects

P Hoffmann

Publications and source records attributed to P Hoffmann.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Chemical sympathectomy abolishes the increase in blood pressure of linoleic acid deficient fed rats induced by salt loading.

In previous experiments an altered PG biosynthesis as well as an increase in blood pressure, heart rate and plasma epinephrine could be found after a linoleic acid deficient diet compared with a linoleic acid rich diet in rats with a high salt intake. We injected rats with 200 micrograms 6-hydroxydopamine into the right and left cerebral ventricles 17 days before a four-week linoleic acid deficient diet (0.5 J% linoleic acid) and salt loading (1.5% NaCl). In these rats the elevation of blood pressure and plasma epinephrine compared with linoleic acid rich fed rats (13.3 J+ linoleic acid) was abolished and heart rate was reduced. PG biosynthesis in aorta and kidney medulla homogenate (PGE and PGF) and stomach fundus homogenate (6-Keto-PGF1 alpha) was not influenced by chemical sympathectomy, neither were the food and fluid intakes. We conclude that an enhanced adrenergic activity (via alterations in PG metabolism?) is involved in the blood pressure increase after a linoleic acid deficient diet under high salt intake.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The 'embryonic moults' of the milkweed bug as seen by the S.E.M.

Deposition, detachment and removal of the three embryonic cuticles are studied. The membrane-like cuticle 1 covers the embryo during katatrepsis and 'disappears' thereafter. Cuticle 2 deposition starts shortly before dorsal closure. Its apolysis is accompanied by contractions of the embryo. Ecdysis of cuticle 2 takes place during hatching. Only cuticle 3 (= first larval cuticle) shows differentiations like sensilla and cornea. Peaks of ecdysteroid (and probably JH) titre are observed during apolysis of cuticle 1 and cuticle 2 (Dorn, 1981). Transition from ectoderm to epidermis proper takes place shortly before and during onset of cuticle 2 synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cholesterol esters of rat hearts of linoleic acid fed rats stimulate prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) synthetase activity.

Rats fed a diet rich or poor in linoleic acid (LA) for 25 weeks were used for investigation into whether the cholesterol ester (CE) of rate hearts influences the conversion of PGH2 to PGI2 by the microsomal fraction of pig aorta. The CE of rats fed the LA rich diet increased PGI2 synthesis after 4 weeks and even more after 25 weeks, whereas CE from rats fed the LA poor diet decreased PGI2 synthetase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Etomidate-infusion-anaesthesia. I. Haemodynamics and blood gases analyses in the early postoperative period (author's transl)].

The influence of etomidate-infusion anaesthesia on blood pressure, heart rate and blood gases in the early postoperative period has been investigated on 14 patients. An infusion model for etomidate is described. Blood pressure and heart rate remained unaltered. There was only a max. fall of pO2 for 7.7% and a max. rise in pCO2 for 5.4%. Metabolic parameters did not change.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Thrombendarterectomy of the femoro--popliteal region for chronic occlusion (author's transl)].

218 patients who underwent subintimal dissection were followed up over a period of 21/2 years. The results (72,6% patients at the end of 21/2 years) come up to those of the saphenous vein bypass. the rate of secondary amputations (7.21%) is low, the primary mortality rate comes up to 2.75%. In our opinion thrombendarterectomy has satisfactory late results. In the author's opinion chronic arterial occlusion of the femoro-popliteal region should surgically be treated first of all by thrombendarterectomy. This enables the surgeon to perform an autogenous venous bypass procedure in case of relapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The influence on the cardiovascular system of etomidate infusion anaesthesia combined with fentanyl/nitrous oxide (author's transl)].

Blood pressure and heart rate after the application of etomidate, soluble in alcohol 70% (a ml approximately or equal to 125 mg) and supplemented by fentanyl under controlled respiration with N2O/O2 as an continuous infusion for anaesthesia has been investigated during surgery. After the administration of fentanyl/etomidate (Hypnomidate)/succinylcholine the patients were intubated. Then the infusion of etomidate began with 1.5-2 mg/min for ten minutes, whereafter the dose was reduced to 0.15-0.25 mg/min. The continuous infusion of etomidate was stopped about 20 minutes before the end of the operation. The influence on the cardiovascular system during the whole operation was very minimal. The anaesthesia could be handled without any problems. Therefore the application of etomidate as a continuous infusion in combination with fentanyl and nitrous oxide 66% seems to be an effective technique of intravenous anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The reactivity of isolated blood vessels of salt-loaded rats fed low or high linoleic acid diets.

Vessel reactivity was studied on isolated arterial vessels of salt-loaded rats fed a linoleic acid (LA)-rich or a LA-deficient diet. The results showed that an LA-rich diet decreased arterial reactivity to prostaglandins (especially to PGE2) and an LA-deficient diet increased the sensitivity to angiotensin II. These differences were not so obvious with PGA2 and norepinephrine. The results provide evidence that dietary linoleic acid exerts an effect on the responsiveness of the vessels to vasoactive stimuli.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1980

[Short gynaecological general anaesthesia with pentazocin and etomidate combined with room air (author's transl)].

A new short general anaesthesia for minor gynaecological operations is presented, which is also suitable for out-patients. The patient receives 0.05 mg. Atropin and 10 mg. Diazapam i.m. 30 minutes prior to the operation. Pentazocin in a dosage of 0.75 mg/kg. body weight was injected intravenously. 1 minute later Etomidate in a dosage of 0.3 mg/kg. body weight was injected intravenously. 1/3 of the initial dose of Etomidate was given as necessary at an average of 5 minutes following the initial dose. Through-out the procedure the patients spontaneously breathe room air. As advantages of the method are listed the minimal disturbances of the heart and the circulatory system, the lack of respiratory depression, the lack of specific organ toxicity, the absence of measurable release of histamine, the unlimited frequent repetition possible, the lack of damage to the personnel by anaesthetic gases and the safety and simplicity of the anaesthesia.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1980

[Blood gases analyses during short anaesthesia with fentanyl and etomidate (author's transl)].

Etomidate 0,3 mg/kg body weight and fentanyl 0,1 mg were given intravenously to two groups of patients--different by age--whilst spontanously breathing room-air. The effects on arterial blood pressure, heart rate and blood gases (arterial) were measured. In neither group did arterial blood pressure and heart rate changed appreciably but a significant fall of pO2 was found. There was only a small influence on acid-base-metabolism.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1980

[Pentazocin/etomidate, an intravenous anaesthesia under spontaneous breathing of room air (author's transl)].

The influence of an i. v. anaesthesia with Pentazocin/Etomidate on heart rate, arterial pressure and bood gases under spontaneous breathing of room air has been investigated on 50 patients with surgical and urological diseases. Heart rate, arterial pressure, pH, HCO3- and pO2 remained unaltered. There was only a slight increase in the beginning of the anaesthesia after injection of Pentazocin in pCO2 and a decrease in oxygen saturation which both were slightly significant. The use of this anaesthesia for ambulatory care is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Stimulation and inhibition of PGI2 synthetase activity by phospholipids (PL), cholesterol esters (CE), unesterified fatty acids (UFA) and lipoproteins (LDL and HDL).

We investigated the influence of different lipids on the transformation of PGH2 to PGI2 by the microsomal fraction of pig aorta. Phospholipids and cholesterol esters obtained from animals fed prenatally a linoleic acid rich diet stimulated the PGI2 formation. However, when obtained from animals fed prenatally a linoleic acid deficient diet, phospholipids and cholesterol esters inhibited PGI2 production. Unesterified fatty acids are potent inhibitors at 1 mM. The degree of inhibition was dependent on the length of the carbon chain and the number of double bonds in the UFA molecule. We found further that lipoproteins modified the PGI2 formation at physiological concentrations. The amount of hig density lipoprotein cholesterol had a positive correlation with the activity of PGI2 synthetase, whereas the amount of low density lipoproteins cholesterol had a negative one.

Animals↗