Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Hoffmann.
Some ubiquitous soil-living micro-organisms are producing tetracycline-like fluorescences in skeletal remains. For this reason, the possibility of using tetracycline fluorescences in dating or allocating displaced skeletal parts is severely limited.
Although hereditary factors clearly modulate susceptibility to develop diabetes, their role as determinants of vascular complications associated with diabetes remains unclear. These studies were undertaken to further assess the extent to which capillary basement membrane thickening (CBMT) is governed by metabolic derangements associated with relative or absolute insulin deficiency versus genetic determinants of vascular disease closely linked to but independent of those modulating susceptibility to develop relative or absolute insulin deficiency. Quadriceps muscle capillary basement membranes obtained by needle biopsy were examined in eight pairs of identical twins discordant for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) for 11-29 yr. Biopsy material from one of the diabetic twins was technically unsuitable for study. The average CBM width of the IDD twins was found to be significantly thicker than that of their nondiabetic (ND) twin mates (t = 2.50, P less than 0.025). Three IDD, but none of the ND twins, had basement membrane width values in excess of 95% upper tolerance intervals for age- and sex-matched controls with no family history of diabetes. The absence of CBMT in all of the ND twins and in four of the IDD twins with diabetes of 15-24 yr duration argues against the existence, in this group of subjects, of hereditary determinants of diabetic vascular disease linked to those governing susceptibility to develop diabetes. In addition, the absence of CBMT in four subjects with IDD of 15-24 yr duration is consistent with evidence from other studies indicating that diabetic microangiopathy is not an inevitable consequence of the diabetic milieu.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Progesterone and unconjugated estriol are radioimmunologically estimated in 42 diabetic patients in amniotic fluid and serum during last weeks of pregnancy and in the course of oxytocin-induced parturition. As unconjugated estriol rises in progressing weeks of pregnancy progesterone remains unchanged in both investigated fluids. The quotient progesterone unconjugated estriol correlates with affection to labour. There is no statistically significant change in both steroid hormones during induced labour.
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The treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptoms which suddenly appear after an operation, is discussed. Therapy with etomidate as long term sedation is described. 500 mg of etomidate (125 mg circumflex or equal to 1 ml) soluted in 50 ml physiological saline was given by perfusor (0.6 - 0.8 mg/kg b.w./h). Therapy-time lasted from 48 - 56 hours. The influence on respiration, circulation and laboratory report was investigated. We discuss the comparison in the advantage and disadvantage of this therapy to other medications.
The influence of dietary linoleic acid (LA) content on the cardiovascular effects of dihydralazine and clonidine was investigated in conscious rats. Male normotensive rats were fed either a diet rich in linoleic acid (LA) (13.3 cal-% LA) or a diet deficient in LA (0.5 cal-% LA) for a period of 5 months beginning in the pregnant mothers. Dihydralazine (1 mg/kg iv) or clonidine (10 micrograms/kg iv) were injected into conscious rats and blood pressure and heart rate were studied during a 20 min investigation period. The blood pressure lowering effects were higher in the rats fed the LA rich diet than in those fed the LA deficient diet 2, 5, 10 and 20 min after dihydralazine and 5 min after clonidine injection. The increase in heart rate per 10 mmHg blood pressure reduction after dihydralazine injection was lower in the rats fed on the diet rich in LA. We assume that the change in the cardiovascular effects of dihydralazine and clonidine by dietary LA may be caused by alterations of endogenous prostaglandin biosynthesis and sympathetic activity.
We investigated the influence of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Feeding male adult SHR a linoleic acid (LA) rich or a PUFA poor diet did not alter the systolic blood pressure during a two months regimen. Feeding young male SHR an LA rich or a PUFA deficient diet beginning in the prehypertensive phase did not influence the development of hypertension. But when the regimen was begun in the pregnant mothers during the last week of pregnancy and continued in the offspring, the male offspring showed a significantly reduced increase in blood pressure when fed with an LA rich or a linolenic acid rich diet compared with PUFA deficient fed rats. This effect was not so markedly expressed in the female offspring.
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Etomidate in a new more concentrated solution given in 50 ml NaCl 0.9% was administrated to two groups of patients for prolonged sleep over 48-60 hours. The first group of patients got withdrawal symptoms after several operations. The second group contain seven patients after multiple injury, who were given the continuous infusion for adaptation to the respirator. The following levels were recorded:Psyst/diast, Part, HR; paO2, paCO2. After the administration of etomidate heart rate and blood pressure became normal. We did not find any significant changes, neither in the first group under spontaneous breathing of room air nor in the second under controlled respiration with room air. Blood pressure, heart rate, paO2 and paCO2 remained normal during the long term medication of etomidate.
The influence if etomidate-infusion-anaesthesia on different serum levels of GOT, GPT, Na+, K+, urea, creatinine and glucose in the postoperative period was examined. There was only a decrease in K+. Although the decrease was significant (p less than 0.05), the results remained normal. The infusion-etomidate-anaesthesia supplemented by fentanyl seems to be an alternative to other types of anaesthesia.
Surgical reconstruction in extracranial vascular occlusions with a healing chance of 80 per cent and a mortality rate of 1 to 4 per cent in stage II after Vollmar has well established itself. The indication for reconstruction and the surgical technique are to a large extent standardised. The question of brain-protective measures during the intervention is still open. At the Surgical Clinic of the Medical Academy Magdeburg 74 vascular reconstructions were carried out in the period from 1975 to 1980. Only when multiple occlusions or stenoses were found, the intraluminal shunt technique was employed as a brain-protective measure in six patients. Postoperative neurological complications were only found in two patients in the form of a transient hemiparesis. The late results after five years showed during or an improvement of the complaints in 50 per cent. The total mortality during the observation period was II per cent. We are of the opinion that brain-protective measures in the reconstruction of extracranial vascular regions need not be employed as a routine measure.
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Male Wistar rats received for 4 weeks a linoleic acid (LA) rich (13.3 cal. % LA) or an LA deficient (0.5 cal. % LA) diet as well as 1.5% sodium chloride as drinking fluid. Compared with the LA rich diet the LA deficient diet caused an increase in blood pressure of about 10 mmHg. Indomethacin treatment (2 X 1 mg/kg/day s.c.) increased the blood pressure in the LA rich but not in the LA deficient fed rats. The flow rate of isolated perfused kidneys was reduced after 4 weeks LA deficient diet as were aortic and renal PGE formation, whereas PGF formation was only slightly diminished. PGE2 degradation in the kidney was not influenced by the LA content of the diet. We postulate that the prohypertensive effect of LA deficient diet in salt loaded rats is mediated via a reduction of endogenous PGE formation and a shift towards PGF.