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Biomedical subjects

O Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to O Yoshida.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Percutaneous nephrostomy--the method and technical problems].

Ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy (PNS) was performed on 72 patients (80 kidneys) including pretreatment for percutaneous nephro-uretero lithotomy (PNL). PNS was performed for post-renal anuria or hydronephrosis in 23 cases (28 kidneys), for urinary leakage in 4 cases (5 kidneys), for vesical bleeding in 1 case (2 kidneys) and as pretreatment of PNL in 44 cases (45 kidneys). Ultrasound guided renal puncture was done percutaneously and a 0.038 inch J-tipped wire guide was inserted into the suitable calyx. Then the nephrostomy tract was dilated with fascia dilators of Malecot nephrostomy set. A 14 Fr or 16 Fr Malecot catheter was used for hydronephrosis or urinary leakage cases. 18 Fr, 24 Fr Malecot catheter or Bardex balloon catheter 18-22 Fr was inserted for PNL cases. In the PNL group, Ht decreased slightly but there was no need of blood transfusion. In the other groups, Ht did not change. Defect of 99m-Tc-DMSA renal uptake in several cases suggested renal injury at nephrostomied cortex. In about 70% of the cases, a fever of more than 37 degrees C was observed, and in 4 cases, more than 39 degrees C was observed. There were no major complications observed. In conclusion, percutaneous nephrostomy using Malecot nephrostomy set is a safe and effective method.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Urinary diversion with the Kock continent ileal reservoir: report of 13 cases].

We tried the new method of urinary diversion via a continent ileal reservoir, reported by Kock in 1982, and now being accepted with great enthusiasm and satisfaction not only by doctors, but also by patients in Europe and in the United States. With this method, continency with storage of urine under low pressure is well maintained so that no external appliances are necessary. Ileorenal reflux is also prevented with this nipple valve forming technique, minimizing impairment of renal function. We report for the first time in Japan 13 cases, in which this method of innovative urinary diversion was used, with special attention paid to its demanding surgical technique and early results with its complications. From November, 1984 to August, 1985, we performed urinary diversion via the Kock pouch in 13 cases: 10 males and 3 females, from 35 to 67 years old (mean age 49 years), 11 bladder cancer patients, and 2 rectal cancer patients. The 2 patients with rectal cancer died from cancer and 1 bladder cancer patient with psychosis died from mental crisis 4 months after the operation. Of the 10 cases followed up long enough, 7 cases were in excellent condition with complete continence, 2 cases were in good condition with minor leak due to intermittent prolapse of the nipple valve, and in one case with failure, due to the postoperative ileus and eversion of the nipple valve, which made it difficult to catheterize into the pouch. Excision of the pouch and conversion to the standard ileal conduit was performed by reoperation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Soft agar colony formation of mouse epidermal cells during the early phase of two-stage chemically induced carcinogenesis.

A single topical application of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) followed by twice-weekly 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment was given to the skin of female CD-1 mice, and soft agar colony formation of the epidermal cells was evaluated periodically during the treatment. From the second week, colony growth was observed and the number of colonies increased with time, reaching a significant level from the fourth week. Colony formation was observed earlier than papilloma development in the mouse skin. Soft agar colony-forming assay might be a useful tool to analyze the early events in carcinogenesis.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of etidronate disodium (EHDP) on calcium oxalate renal stones induced by synthetic 1 alpha(OH) vitamin D3 and ethylene glycol in rats].

Combination of 1 alpha(OH) D3(vit D) and ethylene glycol induced renal or ureteral stones or both consisting of calcium oxalate in male Wistar rats. This study investigates the effect of EHDP on calcium oxalate stone using the rat model. EHDP reduced the frequency of renal stone and calcium content in the kidney, and reduced the size of the stones in the renal pelvis and ureter. EHDP biochemically ameliorated renal injury induced by vit D and ethylene glycol. EHDP suppressed urinary excretion of calcium even though serum calcium slightly increased. EHDP had a phosphaturic action. EHDP elevated urinary excretion of magnesium. However, the severity of hypermagnesuria decreased in the rat which was not given EHDP concomitantly. Although EHDP slightly elevated urinary excretion of oxalate in the control rat, it did not affect the high level of urinary oxalate in the vit D/ethylene glycol rat. EHDP did not produce any histological change in the kidney or femoral bone. These data indicate that EHDP can suppress renal stone formation in the vit D/ethylene glycol rat. It is speculated that firstly, EHDP may physicochemically inhibit stone formation in the process of nidus, aggregation and crystal growth of calcium oxalate, under the supersaturated condition of calcium oxalate in the urine, and secondly, EHDP may endocrinologically inhibit production of 1,25 (OH)2 vit D in the kidney or inhibit 1, 25 (OH)2 vit D-mediated intestinal calcium absorption. It is suggested that in order to prevent stone recurrence, EHDP may be clinically applied not only to calcium phosphate stones but also to calcium oxalate stones and hypercalciuria mediated by an active form of vitamin D.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical statistics on testicular tumors in the Japanese during the 1970's].

A statistical analysis was made by computer on 511 cases of testicular tumor experienced at 14 facilities in Japan between 1970 and 1979. The age distribution of the patients had two peaks, one under 3 years (15%) and the other between 25 and 34 years (32%). Forty percent of the patients were office workers and 76% were college graduates. Fifty percent of the patients had 0 to 1 sibs. The blood type distribution was similar to that for the whole Japanese population. Six percent of the patients had a past history of trauma, and no relation with cell type was detected. Sixty nine percent of the patients were married and 31% were not married. Sixty seven percent of the patients over 30 had seminoma, and 78% of the patients under 29 years old had non-seminoma. Seminoma was rare in patients under 9 years old. Histologically, 75% were simple type, and 25% were mixed type. Forty three percent of the cases were seminoma and 57% were non-seminoma. Of the stage I cases, 78% and 57%, and of the stage III cases 7 and 28%, respectively, were seminoma and non-seminoma, many of the non-seminoma being at high stage. The 5-year survival rate for the 75 patients under 9 years old was 96%, and that for the 341 patients over 15 years was 70%, the survival rate for the patients under 9 years being significantly higher. The 5-year survival rate for stage I, II and III seminoma was 100, 65 and 0%, respectively, while that for non-seminoma was 93, 56 and 8%, respectively. The survival rate for stage I was higher for seminoma cases than for non-seminoma cases. No difference was detected between survival rate for stage II or III between seminoma and non-seminoma. The survival rate for seminoma did not differ with the time when the surgery was performed, but for the patients with non-seminomatous tumors, the survival rate was higher for the patients operated within one month than those operated later. The survival rate was not related to the weight of the extracted testicle. The 5-year survival rate for the patients with normal body temperature was 78% whereas that for the patients who had fevers was 32%. The 5-year survival rate for the patients not accompanied by abdominal tumors was about 80%, whereas that for the patients with palpated abdominal tumors was 42%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[The treatment of renal cell carcinoma with recombinant human leukocyte interferon].

Recombinant human leukocyte (alpha) interferon was administered i.m. at the initial dose of 3 X 10(6) U/day to 27 patients with measurable metastatic renal cell carcinoma during the past 2 years. The results of 22 of these patients were evaluable. Three patients (13.6%) showed partial response; 3 patients (13.6%), minor response; 7 patients (31.8%), no change; and 9 patients (40.9%), progressive disease. Major toxicity consisted of fever (55.5%), anorexia (44.4%), malaise (22.2%), elevation of GOT/GPT (48.1%), leukopenia (44.4%) and thrombocytopenia (29.6%). When the 3 patients who showed stabilization (S) and the 2 patients who showed mixed effects (ME) among the 7 patients who showed no change are classified into the responded group, half the patients had some response to interferon. Characteristics of these responders (PR + MR + ME + S) were good performance status, relatively longer disease-free interval, metastases limited to the lungs or metastasis to lungs and one other organ excluding the liver, and frequency of interferon-induced thrombocytopenia. Interferon administration is still being continued to 4 patients on an outpatient basis, 5 patients are hospitalized and 13 patients have died. In conclusion, patients with pulmonary metastases seem to be the best responding group for interferon treatment in renal cell carcinoma and further trials, especially combined regimens with chemotherapy and/or other kinds of interferon should be tested.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[The determination of oxalate in the urine by a new enzymatic method using oxalate oxidase].

Oxalate is one of the most important constituents in urine of urinary stone. But the determination of oxalate in urine has not been performed as a routine laboratory examination because of difficulty or inaccuracy in measuring oxalate in urine. We tried to measure oxalate in urine by the newly developed enzymic method with oxalate oxidase. This method is not only simple but also accurate enough. The reproducibility S.D./mean was 2.3-9.0%, the recovery rate was 95.2 +/- 4.0% (mean +/- S.D.) With this method, the normal range of urine oxalate in 24 hours was determined to be 11.8 mg-39.4 mg, the upper limit was 40 mg. By taking the regular diet which contains 500 mg of calcium and 1,000 mg of phosphorus a day, the excretion of oxalate in urine was significantly decreased in the stone formers. This suggests that the influence of the diet upon the excretion of oxalate in urine for 24 hours is important especially in stone formers.

Diet↗
PubMed1985

[Renal cell carcinoma, primary lesion which was not easily identified: report of two cases].

We report two cases of renal cell carcinoma, primary lesions of which were not diagnosed at an early stage. The first case was a 58-year-old woman, who had nephrectomy due to staghorn calculus of left kidney. Fifteen months later, she died of metastatic cancer whose origin was unknown until the left kidney was re-examined. It was sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma. The second case was 43-year-old woman, who had amputation of right index finger due to metastatic tumor. Renal cell carcinoma was highly suspected, but no tumor could be found in her kidneys although various urological examinations were performed. Two years later, abdominal CT scan showed a space-occupying lesion (SOL) of left kidney. She had left nephrectomy, and the origin was finally identified.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case of recurrent yolk sac tumor of the testis in childhood: bulky retroperitoneal metastatic tumors cured by tumor resection and chemotherapy].

We carried out only high orchiectomy for a 1-year and 7-month-old boy with stage 1 yolk sac tumor of the testis, after 13-months a bulky retroperitoneal metastatic tumor was found. Following chemotherapy with CDDP, ACD, VBL, PLM and CTX two times after tumor resection, elevated serum AFP was normalized. He has been in continuous complete remission with no evidence of disease for 3 years and 2 months. Combination chemotherapy with CDDP has a dramatic effect on the yolk sac tumor of infantile testis. We believe that "watchful waiting" after high orchiectomy alone is the best modality for all cases of stage 1 yolk sac tumor of the infantile testis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

[Experimental and clinical studies on calcium urolithiasis: (I) Animal model for calcium oxalate urolithiasis using ethylene glycol and 1-alpha (OH) D3].

As calcium oxalate stones are the most important component in urolithiasis, an experimental model has to be designed to clarify the pathogenesis and aid in their prevention. Hyperoxaluria as well as hypercalciuria were produced in rats by administering ethylene glycol (0.5%, in drinking water administered ad libitum) and 1-alpha (OH) D3 (0.5 micrograms/rat given every other day), respectively, for three to four weeks. Neither drug alone produced stones efficiently as did the combination regimen of these two compounds. The occurrence of stones was 77.3%, and with only a moderate degree of renal functional impairment. Biochemical and histological data were obtained using this model.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Long-term administration of ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904) to complicated urinary tract infections].

The efficacy and safety of ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX) a new broad-spectrum semisynthetic cephalosporin with an outstanding long serum half-life, was evaluated in 22 patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections. Although the overall clinical efficacy evaluated on day 5 and 10 were similar, the rate of excellent effectiveness was higher on day 10 than on day 5. Eighteen bacterial strains were cultured from freshly voided urine. Eighty percent of the bacteria were eradicated on day 5 and 86.2% were eradicated on day 10. Bacterial replacement had occurred in 3 cases on day 5 and in 6 cases on day 10.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of combination chemotherapy with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) on renal function in patients with urogenital malignancies].

The renal function in 23 patients with advanced urogenital cancers (10 testicular, 8 uroepithelial, 3 prostatic cancers and 1 penile cancer) treated with a total of 3 or 4 cycles of combination chemotherapy including CDDP was examined prospectively, by measuring of creatinine clearance (Ccr), fractional excretion of beta 2 microglobulin (FE beta 2 MG) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG). Patients with testicular cancers (group 1) who received the cumulative CDDP dose of 360-1966 mg (on average 868 mg), the decrease in Ccr and increase in FE beta 2 MG and NAG were temporary during each chemotherapy cycle. However, in the overall course, after the cumulative dose exceeded 600 mg, higher beta 2 MG excretion persisted and after the cumulative dose exceeded 800 mg, Ccr decreased to 30% of the pretreatment level. This suggests cumulative delayed, irreversible renal damage. The severity of decrease in Ccr paralleled the increase in cumulative CDDP dose. Patients with urogenital cancers other than testicular cancer (group 2) who received the cumulative CDDP dose of 80-480 mg (on average 217 mg), and who had decreased Ccr and tubular damage prior to treatment, even though the cumulative dose was lower than in group 1, changes in Ccr, FE beta 2 MG and NAG were almost in the same magnitude as in group 1. Determination of NAG is useful for detection of the early change in the tubules several days after CDDP administration, while that of beta 2 MG is useful for detection of the chronic damage of renal tubules after several cycles of CDDP chemotherapy. CDDP nephrotoxicity is characterized by dose-dependent tubular damage. Although renal injury may not be evident during the early course of treatment, repeated courses of CDDP may lead to clinically serious chronic renal failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Percutaneous ultrasonic nepholithotripsy].

Herein we report our experience of percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy on 32 renal calculus patients between March and December 1984. Renal calculus removal was successful in over 78.1% of the patients (91.3% for recent 4 months). All patients had bloody urine after tract dilatation and calculus removal, but this usually cleared in 24-48 hours. No patients have required blood transfusion. The major essential contribution responsible for the success of this technique was a nephrostomy placement made accessible to calculi. Percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy, when combined with adjuncts such as flexible nephroscopy and radiological stone manipulations using stone grasping forceps and Dormia basket catheter, is an effective treatment for renal calculi, with a success rate of over 90%.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis of retroperitoneal lymph node swelling by computed tomography in advanced testicular cancer patients, with special reference to retrocrural lymph node swelling].

We tried to divide anatomically the retroperitoneal space into three areas on computed tomography, infrahilar, suprahilar and retrocrural spaces, and investigated the relationship between frequency of lymph node swelling in each space and clinical picture in 15 patients with testicular cancer of stage II or III, particularly focusing on the lymph node swelling in the retrocrural space. Lymph node swelling was found in the infrahilar space in 11 cases (73.3%), in the suprahilar space in 7 cases (46.7%) and in the retrocrural space in 6 cases (40.0%). Retrocrural or suprahilar lymph node swelling was always accompanied by suprahilar or infrahilar lymph node swelling. Most of the patients with retrocrural lymph node swelling had bulky tumors in the infrahilar level and frequently cervical lymph node swelling. Retrocrural lymph node swelling did not necessarily affect the patient's prognosis. The retrocrural lymph node seems to be a sentinel node for retroperitoneal lymph node swelling not only in the case of testicular cancer but also in the cancer of urogenital malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Serum copper and zinc levels in patients with malignant neoplasm of the urogenital tract].

Recently, the study of the physiological role of the essential trace elements is being emphasized. Some environmental and disease factors has been demonstrated to perturb trace element homeostasis. A number of recent studies have described alterations in serum copper levels (SCLs) and serum zinc levels (SZLs) in human cancer patients and the relationship between the magnitude of their perturbation and disease activity. This report describes SCLs, SZLs and SCL/SZL ratios in patients with malignant neoplasms of the urogenital tract at various clinical stages and the relationship of the levels of these trace elements to disease activity. According to SCLs before treatment, patients with renal cell carcinoma appeared to be separated into two groups, normal SCL group and higher SCL group. In the higher SCL group, patients generally displayed increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP, alpha 2 globulin, beta 2 microglobulin, ferritin and CEA. In this group, SCL was a useful index of disease activity. In the normal SCL group, SCLs remained within normal limit even in patients with advanced disease. In renal cell carcinoma, SZLs did not reflect disease activity. In transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract, patients with metastasis had significantly elevated SCLs and significantly decreased SZLs, compared with normal controls or patients without metastasis. In transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, no distinct relationships were observed between these trace elements and extent of malignancy. But there was a trend toward increasing SCLs and decreasing SZLs with progressing stage and SCL/SZL ratios fairly reflect stage of disease. Patients with prostatic cancer had nearly normal SCLs and SZLs, although there were a few exceptions. Testicular cancer patients with distant metastasis had significantly elevated SCLs and initially high SCLs decreased in patients responding to therapy and increased again in relapse. SZLs and, hence, SCL/SZL ratios had no relationship to activity of testicular cancer. Currently there is no satisfactory way of following the progress of malignancies of the urogenital tract except prostatic cancer with elevated acid phosphatase and non-seminomatous testicular tumors until the secondary tumor can be detected radiographically. Our study suggests that these trace element might be a useful indicator of disease activity of some of the urogenital malignancies.

Adult↗