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O Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to O Yoshida.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Urinary tract infection associated with urinary calculi. 1. The significance of urinary tract infection in urinary calculi].

We investigated 158 cases of urinary stones (infection stones 56, metabolic stones 102) with special reference to pyuria, bacteriuria, stone culture and urease activities of isolated bacteria. Abacterial pyuria was noted in 9 out of 49 (18%) infection stones and in 53 of 77 (69%) metabolic stones. Bacteriuria was noted in 79% of the infection stones and 26% of the metabolic stones. Sixty-seven percent of the infection stones were infected with mainly urea splitting bacteria such as Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus. Twenty-three percent of metabolic stones were also infected. Though E. coli, a non-urea splitting bacteria, was isolated most frequently from metabolic stones, urease positive Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were also isolated. Bacteria within stones could be predicted on the basis of urine culture results of only 20 of 41 infection stones and 8 of 24 metabolic stones. These facts are useful for selection of some antibiotics in the treatment of urinary tract infections associated with urinary calculi. Urinary infections of urea splitting bacteria in infection stones are thought to be initial factors of stone formation and those of non-urea splitting bacteria are to be superimposed. However, urea splitting bacteria in metabolic stones may convert them into infection stones in future.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Urinary tract infection associated with urinary calculi. 2. Effects of antibiotics on bacteria within infected stones].

We investigated the effect of antimicrobial agents against bacteria within infected stones. Cefmetazole (CMZ) was found to have equally strong activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from the stones. In addition, CMZ was excreted in the urine from the affected kidney in high concentrations and was penetrated into the stone to some extent in vitro. However, preoperative administration of CMZ did not so significantly eradicate bacteria within the stones. Stones may function as a sanctuary for organisms and may attenuate the effects of antibiotics against them. Therefore, to treat urinary tract infection associated with urinary calculi, complete extirpation is necessary. In recent years, ultrasonic and other types of stone crushing methods are in wide use. CMZ or other effective antibiotics may become useful for the perioperative management of infected urinary stones.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Indiana continent urinary reservoir: report of 15 cases].

Over the last several years, internal reservoir type urinary diversions have become popular. We have already performed Kock continent ileal reservoir for urinary diversion in more than 80 patients. The experience with the Kock pouch prompted us to try a new form of continent urinary reservoir originally reported by Indiana University group. The Indiana pouch is a composite structure using ileum and cecum. The antireflux mechanism is provided with tunneled ureteral implantation along the tenia of the cecum. Plication of the terminal ileal segment along with the ileocecal valve maintains urinary continence. The tubular configuration of the cecum is completely disrupted with either an ileal patch or Heineke-Mikulicz re-configuration to construct a low pressure reservoir. Between October, 1987 and September, 1988, we performed Indiana continent urinary diversion in 15 cases: 13 males and 2 females, from 47 to 73 years old (mean age 61.3 years), 14 bladder cancer patients and 1 bladder sarcoma patient. The initial 8 patients underwent Heineke-Mikulicz type operation and the subsequent 7 patients ileal patch-type operation. Median followup has been 7 months. There were no major early complications but one postoperative death with blood transfusion related graft versus host disease (GVHD). The late complication occurred in 2 patients: 1 stenosis of the pouch due to insufficient detubularization of the cecum and 1 pyelonephritis required no admission. Serum electrolytes and vitamin B12 remained normal in all patients. Patients perform self-catheterization every 3-5 hours during the day and 0-2 times at night for volumes ranging up to 800 ml. With regard to volume capacity and pressure characteristics, the ileal patch type reservoir seemed to be superior to the Heineke-Mikulicz type pouch as a receptacle for urine. Over-all, 12 of 14 patients (86 per cent) have acceptable continence. The remaining 2 patients have significant daytime leakage requiring pads or a cutaneous bag. Followup examination with excretory urography showed no upper tract obstruction and X-rays of the pouch showed no reflux. Indiana pouch is a relatively simple continent urinary reservoir, since the steps of this technique already are familiar to urologists. It may be an alternative form of continent urinary diversion.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Malignant lymphoma of testis: a clinicopathologic study of twenty-six cases].

A clinicopathologic study was made on 26 patients with testicular lymphoma. Because they all presented scrotal swelling as an initial manifestation, they were thought to be affected with primary testicular lymphoma. The age at admission ranged from 39 to 87 years, with a median of 63 years. Stage of disease was I E in 8 patients, II E in 7, and III E in 8. Two- and five-year survival rates were 38% and 26%, respectively. The most common histological type was the diffuse large cell type, especially immunoblastic type. Immunohistochemistry revealed that almost all cases were B cell derived tumors. In our study, an obvious correlation between the histological type and the prognosis for patients could not be observed. However, the initial stage of the disease appeared to affect the outcome in patients with testicular lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prostatic adenocarcinoma: nodal involvement and prognosis of stage D1 patients].

Between 1982 and 1988, 70 patients with proved prostatic adenocarcinoma in stages A2 to C underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy. Median followup has been 30 months. Radial prostatectomy was done in 37 patients, 3 of whom were followed by immediate hormone therapy. Twenty eight patients received radiotherapy alone except one combined with hormone therapy. The remaining 5 patients were treated hormonaly alone. Pelvic lymph node metastases were noted in 21 of the 70 patients (30%). High stage and poor histological differentiation were associated with a significantly higher probability of pelvic lymph node metastases. Poor histological differentiation was more likely to be found in patients with multiple or gross node involvement. Progression of the disease, almost exclusively bony metastases, occurred in 10 of the 21 patients who had positive pelvic nodes and in 7 of the 49 patients with negative nodes (p less than 0.01). According to Kaplan-Meier projections, 1, 3 and 5 year percent disease free survival were, respectively; 73%, 32% and 32% for patients with positive node, and 93%, 82% and 75% for patients with negative nodes. Disease-free survival of stage D1 patients was significantly worse than that of patients with negative nodes (p less than 0.001, Generalized-Wilcoxon test). We divided 21 patients with pelvic nodal metastases into subgroups based upon the volume and extent of nodal disease; 7 patients with a single microscopic nodal involvement and 14 patients with multiple or gross nodal involvement. There was no significant difference in disease free survival between the two groups. 9 of the 21 patients were given hormonal treatment immediately and on the contrary, 12 were followed without hormonal treatment. However, projected disease free survival differed little between the groups. These data suggest that patients with positive nodes appear to have equivalent adverse biologic potential and should be considered candidates for early systemic treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of adrenal cysts--the meaning of imaging in diagnosing adrenal cysts].

Two cases of adrenal cysts are reported. The first case is of a left adrenal cyst in a 19-year-old woman and was incidentally discovered by computed tomography (CT). Its margin was clear, its contents was homogeneous and its signal indicated water contents on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It was punctured and is now followed up by CT. The second case is of a left adrenal cyst in a 62-year-old woman, which also happened to be discovered by CT. Its contents was heterogeneous by MRI. It was removed and proved to be a lymphangiomatous cyst. The conclusion is that MRI will be useful in the differential diagnosis of adrenal cysts.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Optimization of heparinization in clinical double filtration plasmapheresis.

Heparin has generally been used as an anticoagulant during plasmapheresis. In this study plasma heparin levels were studied in nine patients before double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP), 30, 60 and 120 minutes after the start of DFPP and at the end of DFPP. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), bleeding time (BT), plasma fibrinogen levels, FDP and general blood cell examination (CBC) were measured pre and post DFPP. Heparin levels in plasma were lower than 1 (IU/ml) under the dosage of heparin nearly 40 IU/kg/h of heparin administered during DFPP. APTT before DFPP (36.5 +/- 8.2 sec) was nearly double the post-DFPP value (61.4 +/- 12.2 sec). In two patients who were given 30 IU/kg/h of heparin during DFPP, clotting occurred in the DFPP circuit. In conclusion, the optimized dosage of heparin was 40 IU per kg of body weight per hour during DFPP.

Filtration↗
PubMed1989

[Experience with MAGPI (meatal advancement and glans plasty incorporated), modified MAGPI and Mathieu's technique of hypospadias repair as the last stage operation].

Over a 1-year period, 6 patients with retracted urethral meatus after two-stage hypospadias repair, underwent MAGPI and modified MAGPI technique. Only those cases with subcoronal lesions and without residual chordee were included in this series. Excellent cosmetic and functional results were achieved in all cases without any complication, furthermore, the operative technique is very simple. These are recommended as the operative procedures of choice for the retracted urethral meatus after hypospadias repair.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Testicular tumors].

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Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1988

Serum retinol and prostate cancer.

Levels of retinol, beta carotene, and alpha tocopherol were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in serum from subjects with clinical prostatic cancer (n = 94), focal prostatic cancer (n = 40), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 130), and from hospital controls (n = 130). Levels of beta carotene and alpha tocopherol varied for prostatic cancer patients by disease stage and by the period in the treatment sequence when blood was collected. This made any assessment of their association with prostatic cancer risk difficult. The mean level of serum retinol was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in prostatic cancer patients than in the controls. For serum retinol this difference did not appear to be attributable to age, stage of disease, period in which the blood was collected, or to several other potentially confounding factors. When the serum retinol level was considered in quintile classes, there was a statistically significant (P less than 0.05) trend of increased prostatic cancer risk associated with decreasing serum retinol levels.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Activation of H-ras oncogene in rat bladder tumors induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine.

Ras-oncogene activation was investigated in the bladder tumors of F344 male rats given N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in drinking water. DNA from one of the nine transitional cell carcinomas contained an H-ras oncogene detectable by the NIH/3T3 transfection assay. Analysis of p21 ras proteins suggested that the activating mutation resided within codon 61 of the H-ras gene and that such activating mutations were not present in other tumors. In contrast to mutational activation of ras genes, enhanced expression of p21 was observed in all tumors examined by immunohistochemical techniques with the use of Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections and an anti-ras p21 antibody, RAP-5. Further histochemical analysis of bladder tissues at various stages of the BBN-induced carcinogenic process indicated that the enhanced expression of p21 appeared early; the reactivity with RAP-5 was observed in diffuse hyperplastic epithelia after 5 weeks of exposure to BBN. The frequency of ras oncogenes, activated either by point mutations or overexpression of p21, in BBN-induced rat bladder carcinomas has thus been shown to be similar to that observed in human bladder carcinomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Dietary beta-carotene and cancer of the prostate: a case-control study in Kyoto, Japan.

One hundred patients with prostate cancer and two different control series [100 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and 100 general hospital patients] were matched to each other upon hospital admittance, age (+/- 3 years) and date of admission (+/- 3 months), and directly interviewed during admission from 1981 to 1984 in Kyoto, Japan. Major dietary findings derived from a quantitative food frequency technique for estimating usual diet are as follows. (a) The smaller the dietary intake of beta-carotene and vitamin A as well, the higher the risk, with a highly significant linear trend. From the beta-carotene analyses, the relative risk (95% confidence interval) for the lowest intake quartile relative to the highest was 2.10 (0.98-4.47) for the uncorrected intake, 2.35 (1.08-5.12) for the intake per kg, and 2.94 (1.34-6.44) for the intake per kcal in the comparison with BPH patients; 2.88 (1.31-6.32), 2.56 (1.14-5.76), and 3.50 (1.52-8.06), respectively, in the comparison with hospital controls. The corresponding relative risk obtained from the vitamin A analyses was 2.82 (1.30-6.14), 2.64 (1.24-5.60), and 3.29 (1.47-7.35) in due order in the comparison with BPH patients; 2.69 (1.22-5.94), 4.78 (1.98-11.52), and 3.50 (1.52-8.06) in the comparison with hospital controls. (b) beta-Carotene as well as vitamin A contained in green/yellow vegetables were significantly protective, and those in seaweeds and kelp suggestively protective. But those in fruits appeared to enhance the risk. (c) The risk reduction by dietary beta-carotene and vitamin A was significant in the older men (70-79 years), but not in the younger men (50-69 years). (d) Total energy intake and the dietary intake of fat, protein, carbohydrate, water, fiber, ash, such vitamins as retinol, B1, B2, C, and niacin, and such minerals as calcium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and iron were not linked with prostate cancer risk. (e) A protective effect of dietary beta-carotene and vitamin A against prostate cancer could be related to the low overall fat intake in Japan.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

A case-control study of prostatic cancer with reference to dietary habits.

A case-control study of prostatic cancer which consisted of 100 patients with prostatic cancer, matched for hospital, age (+/- 3 yr) and hospital admission date (+/- 3 months) to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hospital controls, was conducted from 1981 to 1984. Low daily intake of beta-carotene (RR = 2.13: 95% confidence interval, 1.20-3.77) and of vitamin A (RR = 1.94: 1.10-3.43), as compared to the intake of those substances by BPH controls, were factors significantly correlated with the development of prostatic cancer. Low daily intake of beta-carotene (RR = 2.13: 1.20-3.77), as compared with hospital controls, were significantly correlated with prostatic cancer development. Infrequent intake of bread (RR = 2.40: 1.31-4.38), intended to represent a westernized diet, and of spinach (RR = 1.96: 1.01-7.73), a typical green and yellow vegetable, as compared to BPH controls and infrequent intake of spinach (RR = 4.55: 1.82-11.11) as compared to by hospital controls, were significant risk factors for prostatic cancer. Intake of carbohydrates, protein, fat, total calories, fibers, vitamin B and vitamin C were not correlated with the development of prostatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Study of the effect of an anti-androgen (oxendolone) on experimentally induced canine prostatic hyperplasia. I. Morphological analysis.

To investigate the effect of anti-androgens on BPH, Oxendolone (OXD), a pure anti-androgen, was tested in experimentally induced BPH in 17 beagle dogs, alone or in combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) which displays both anti-androgenic and anti-estrogenic activity. The relatively early stage of canine BPH was induced by administration of 3 alpha-androstanediol (3 alpha-A) plus estradiol (E2) for 6 months and followed by testosterone propionate (TP) plus E2 for another 6 months during the anti-androgenic treatment. By the manipulation with T, a decrease in volume of glandular component associated with a relative increase in stromal tissue was achieved, which mimics human BPH histology. The prostate substituted with T and E2, however, gradually decreased in size. Therefore the effect of OXD or OXD + MPA was not significant against the untreated controls (T-E control). The weight of the prostate in these OXD +/- MPA groups was however significantly reduced as compared to that of BPH controls which received 3 alpha-A and E2 throughout the experimental period. On histological examination, atrophic changes were observed in the hormone-treated groups compared to the T-E control. The finding was the most striking in the OXD + MPA group with small non-involuted acini scattered in the abundant stomal tissue. This was almost identical to the appearances of castrated control groups. Atrophy may be due not only to the anti-androgenic but also to the anti-estrogenic property of MPA. A report on the hormonal background of this experiment will appear in the second article.

Androstane-3,17-diol↗
PubMed1988

Study of the effect of an anti-androgen (oxendolone) on experimentally induced canine prostatic hyperplasia. II. Endocrinological analysis.

The results of hormonal investigation of effects of an antiandrogen, Oxendolone (OXD), alone or in combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), on experimentally induced canine BPH are reported. Seventeen beagle dogs were divided into 5 groups: 2 castrate controls for Group 0, 3 BPH controls for Group 1 which received 3 alpha-androstanediol (3 alpha-A) and estradiol (E2) for one year, and 12 dogs consisting of 3 groups which received 3 alpha-A and E2 for 6 months followed by testosterone propionate (TP) and E2 for another 6 months. The last 3 groups were treated with either 200 mg/week of OXD (Group 3) or OXD + 30 mg/week of MPA (Group 4), and otherwise untreated with these hormones (Group 2, T-E controls). On the blood hormone analysis, both T and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were generally lowered in the T-E administered groups (Group 2, 3 and 4) compared to those in Group 1. While MPA significantly decreased these androgen levels, OXD did not influence at all. The concentrations of E2 were similar. Although T content in the prostate did not differ significantly within the experimental groups, DHT was the highest in Group 1 and the lowest in Group 4 and was nearly the same level to Group 0. MPA reduced tissue DHT content but OXD did not. In the receptor assay study, nuclear androgen receptor (AR) content in Group 3 and 4 was significantly lower than that in Group 1. No obvious decrease in nuclear AR content could be seen among the other groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Detection of ras oncogenes by analysis of p21 proteins in human tumor cell lines.

To detect mutationally activated ras oncogenes, we analyzed electrophoretic mobilities of ras p21 proteins utilizing the fact that many ras oncogenes produce abnormal p21 proteins that migrate at SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a fast-moving or slow-moving species in comparison to a normal p21 depending on the kind of mutation. Of 18 human tumor cell lines analyzed, four (SW480, SW620 and SW403 colon cancers, and SW626 ovary cancer) produced p21 belonging to the slow-moving species, suggesting a point mutation within codon 12 of a member of the three ras genes, H-, Ki- and N-ras. Subsequent DNA transfection analysis using NIH/3T3 cells as recipients identified activated Ki-ras oncogenes in the same four but not in other 14 cell lines. Thus, the analysis of p21 might serve as a rapid primary method to screen a large number of tumor materials for the presence of certain types of mutationally activated ras oncogenes.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1988

Changes of manganese levels during haemodialysis.

Manganese (Mn) transfer during haemodialysis and plasma Mn concentrations in haemodialysis patients were examined. Also, the correlation with plasma Mn levels and haematocrit levels and total plasma protein levels were studied. Fifteen volunteer outpatients undergoing haemodialysis showed significant increases in plasma Mn from 0.20 +/- 0.02 to 0.22 +/- 0.02 micrograms/dl after a 5-hour dialysis. The increase was mainly the result of haemoconcentration as evidenced by a significant increase in the haematocrit and total plasma protein during dialysis; however, diffusion was not found. There was a significant relationship between plasma Mn levels before dialysis and haematocrit values (r = 0.95, p less than 0.01) and total plasma protein levels (r = 0.92, p less than 0.01).

Female↗