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Biomedical subjects

O Dapunt

Publications and source records attributed to O Dapunt.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Transluminal angioplasty versus conventional operation in the treatment of haemodialysis fistula stenosis: results from a 5-year study.

In this retrospective study we have used life table analysis to compare the results of 37 transluminal angioplasties with those of 37 conventional operations (thrombectomy, thrombendarterectomy with/without grafting, bypass) in the treatment of stenoses and occlusions of haemodialysis fistulae. There was no difference between the groups in terms of lesion morphology or the patients' age and sex. Cumulative patency rates for angioplasty and surgery, respectively, were 94.5 and 78.1 per cent after 1 week, 72.3 and 64.1 per cent after 1 month, 41.2 and 28.9 per cent after 5 months and 31.3 and 19.3 per cent after 1 year (X2 test, P less than 0.001). The difference is due mainly to a high percentage of early occlusions in the haemodialysis fistula stenoses is possible it achieves results which are at least as good as those of operation.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

CA 125 in the serum and tissue of patients with gynecological disease.

Serum levels of CA 125 were determined in 239 patients suffering from gynecological malignancies. The upper limit for normal was 35 U/ml. Raised levels were found in 82% of patients with primary ovarian carcinoma, and in 29% of those with benign ovarian tumors. The values from patients with ovarian carcinomas in partial or complete remission were compared with those from patients with progressive disease. The former group had elevated levels in 19% compared to 89% in the latter group. Fifty-four percent of the values in progressive cervical carcinoma and 41% of the levels in progressive endometrial carcinoma were greater than 35 U/ml. High CA 125 levels were found in the cytosol of placenta, ovarian carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, and in ascitic fluid; correlation with serum levels was satisfactory. Even though CA 125 is of limited specificity for ovarian cancer, serum levels are important for follow up care and for the early detection of recurrences.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Human interferon-gamma increases adhesion of cultured carcinoma cells to the substratum.

Effects of human recombinant-DNA derived interferon-gamma and -alpha 2 on the adhesion of cultured breast cancer cells (BT-20, ZR-75.1, MCF-7, 734-B and Hs-578-T), larynx carcinoma cells (HEP-2), epidermoid carcinoma cells (KB), lung carcinoma cells (CCL 185), and ovarian carcinoma cells (1847) to the surface of cell culture plastic dishes were studied. Layered cells were detached after a 3-day treatment with interferon either by trypsin-EDTA, trypsin, protease or cooling to 4 degrees C. Treatment with interferon-gamma (500 unit/ml) significantly increased the incubation time for trypsin-EDTA, EDTA and at 4 degrees C necessary to bring cells into suspension for the 4 cell lines BT-20, ZR-75.1, MCF-7 and HEP-2. Interferon-alpha 2 was not able to induce a similar effect. Reattachment of interferon-gamma treated ZR-75.1 cells was not increased after harvesting by trypsinization or EDTA action. Decreased adhesion of cultured cells is associated with transformation and the effects of interferon-gamma may be explained by reinforced normal phenotype. Interferon-gamma induced adhesion was not associated with other interferon effects especially the anti-proliferative activity or modulation of surface antigens.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Simplified HDR-afterloading and high-voltage therapy of cervical carcinoma].

In continuation of our long-term afterloading method applied in the treatment of patients with inoperable cervix carcinomas, we have introduced the ring and pin applicator system into the short term afterloading proceeding. The benefit of a standardized treatment method is especially relevant in HDR afterloading therapy. A time-consuming brachytherapy planning is not necessary because of the constant source distribution within the rigidly shaped ring and pin applicator and the unchanged dose to point A according to Manchester. Percutaneous radiotherapy planning is further facilitated by fixing a metal clip in the cervix at the first HDR insertion. With the aid of anterior-posterior localization radiography, the centre of the circular absorber used by us can be located on the metal clip. In case of an asymmetric position of the cervix, this allows to avoid a dose excess at one pelvis wall caused by superimposing target volumes of brachytherapy and percutaneous therapy as well as an insufficient dose at the opposite wall of the pelvis.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1987

[Intrapartum fetal death].

Among the 18,394 children, who have been born at the Obstetric Department of the University of Innsbruck, Austria, from 1976 to 1984, 16 intrapartum deaths have been observed. Eight of these who have been vaginally delivered showed anomalies of presentation, three were anencephali, the others were singularities. There was an impressive improvement in the course of the years, but also in comparison with international results. In bur eyes, the consequence of this study is the avoiding of preterm births, an increased use of the caesarean in preterm infants with anomalies of presentation and the intensive observation intrapartum combined with a human background.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1986

Influence of steroids and retinoic acid on peanut-lectin binding of human breast cancer cells.

Membrane binding sites for peanut lectin or peanut agglutinin (PNA) were investigated in the established mammary carcinoma cell lines MCF-7, 734-B, ZR-75.1 and BT-20. The determination of PNA binding sites was performed in a flow cytometer after staining with fluorescein(FITC)-labeled PNA. It appeared that only the estrogen-sensitive cell lines exhibited PNA binding sites, whereas the hormone-insensitive cell line BT-20 was clearly negative. Steroid hormones, when administered singly to the cells in physiological concentrations (10(-9)-10(-8) M) had no effect on PNA binding expression. Only the combination of estradiol and progesterone together increased PNA binding sites. Pharmacological doses (10(-6) M) of medroxyprogesteroneacetate (MPA) and dexamethasone increased the number of binding sites, whereas retinoic acid decreased them. A preliminary characterization of the binding sites revealed that they have high capacity and moderate affinity for PNA (KD greater than 10(-7) M). FITC-PNA binding could be inhibited selectively by fetuin (greater than 10(-5) M) and by galactose (greater than 10(-2) M). Cytosol from MCF-7 cells and from some primary breast cancer specimens were able to decrease PNA binding to the surface of 734-B cells.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Simplified standardized afterloading therapy of cervical cancer using a new applicator system (modeled after the Munich method)].

In order to be able to continue to benefit from the Munich method - fixed applicator geometry - even after changing from radium therapy to low dose rate afterloading therapy, our department has developed a standardized treatment program for the ring applicator. Its prerequisites are the dose specified on the Manchester point A and the distribution of sources specified for the ring applicator. The make-up of the source flow in the ring catheter is chosen in such a way as to reduce the maximum rectal dose to more favourable levels.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1986

Synergistic antiproliferative effect of human recombinant interferons and retinoic acid in cultured breast cancer cells.

A combination of retinoic acid (RA) and human recombinant DNA-derived interferon-gamma (Hu-IFN-gamma) was tested with respect to the growth inhibitory action on several human mammary carcinoma cell lines (ZR-75.1, 734-B, MCF-7, and BT-20), a human lung carcinoma cell line (CCL-185), and a human laryngeal carcinoma cell line (HEP-2). The mammary carcinoma cell lines were all sensitive to Hu-IFN-gamma, and 2 of them (ZR-75.1 and 734-B) were also affected by RA. The combination of both substances led to a pronounced synergistic amplification of growth inhibition in ZR-75.1 and 734-B cells. RA also increased the antiproliferative activity of Hu-IFN-gamma in the RA-resistant BT-20 cells and to a less pronounced degree in MCF-7 cells. In contrast to these findings, no synergistic effects were observed between Hu-IFN-gamma and RA in CCL-185 and HEP-2 cells. Human recombinant DNA-derived interferon-alpha 2 amplified the action of RA only in BT-20 cells, but it did not act synergistically with RA in the other cell lines tested.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Standardized low-dose-rate afterloading therapy of cervical cancer using a ring applicator].

At our hospital, the Munich method has already proved its value in gynecologic brachytherapy. In order to use this method for the afterloading technique (LDR), too, we developed a computer program for a standardized therapy with the circular applicator. A certain arrangement of sources is indicated for all applicator sizes. So the dose prescribed (point A) as well as the treatment times and the maximum rectum doses can be given in tabular form. Furthermore, another reduction of the exposure of the rectum could be achieved by means of a certain symmetric arrangement of the sources. To our opinion, this standardized treatment scheme allows in most cases a sufficiently exact definition of the dose distribution in the pelvis minor. If necessary, a more individualized irradiation planning can be established later using CT scans.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1986

Neopterin as a prognostic indicator in patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

In vitro, neopterin, a pyrazinopyrimidine compound, is excreted by human monocytes-macrophages after induction by supernatants from activated T-lymphocytes or by recombinant gamma-interferon. In vivo, it represents a noninvasive test for activation of cellular immune reactions. To evaluate the prognostic value of pretherapeutic urinary neopterin levels and of serial neopterin measurements during follow-up in women with cervical cancer, 1088 urine specimens from 186 consecutive patients were analyzed. Clinical assessments were made without knowledge of the results of neopterin assays (a "blinded" assessment). During the observation period (June 1980 to March 1984), 27 relapses, 18 metastases, and 26 deaths were seen. The prognostic significance of pretherapeutic neopterin and other possible prognostic clinical and laboratory parameters was tested by the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model using a stratification according to stage and surgical treatment. The combination of age at diagnosis, pretherapeutical hemoglobin, leukocyte count, and neopterin was found to predict survival best. On the basis of this result, risk groups were identified exhibiting markedly different survival behavior. A highly significant association was found between serial neopterin measurements and the risk for a relapse, metastasis, or death. The data suggest that urinary neopterin levels might be a useful adjuvant parameter in monitoring women with cervical cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of the estradiol-induced growth of cultured human breast cancer cells by the anti-estrogens tamoxifen, desmethyl-tamoxifen, 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen and enclomiphene.

The growth effects of tamoxifen (T), desmethyl-tamoxifen (dMeT), 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (OHT) and enclomiphene (Clo) on cultured human breast cancer cell lines have been related to published binding affinities for the estrogen receptor. Only in cells which were stimulated by estrogens did these anti-estrogens markedly inhibit growth. In both estrogen sensitive cell lines tested, 734 B and ZR 75.1, the anti-estrogen activity showed the identical rank: OHT much greater than Clo approximately equal to T = dMeT; this anti-proliferative potency agrees with reported affinities of these compounds for the estrogen receptor. In culture media containing defined amounts of estradiol we observed that a 10,000-fold molar excess of OHT was required to inhibit the estradiol-induced growth, but the estradiol-independent proliferation was not affected.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Ectopic pregnancy: changes in diagnostic procedures? (author's transl)].

Patients with ectopic pregnancy and those suspected having ectopic pregnancy were reviewed in a twenty years interval (1957-59, 1977-79). These patients were evaluated with regard to medical history, clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic procedures, and clinical course. The diagnostic usefulness of symptoms and diagnostic procedures is expressed in terms of sensitivity and specificity. According to our results laparoscopy is an ideal procedure for early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Nevertheless, puncture of the Douglas pouch in our experience has its place as a diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Curettage↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical experience with sulprostone (author's transl)].

Sulprostone (SHB 286, Schering) was used for the induction of abortion mainly in patients with missed abortion, but also in cases of intrauterine death and hydatid mole (total number: 226). In the first trimester a single injection of 25 or 50 mcg into the cervix ("intramural" injection) in order to obtain preoperative dilatation of the cervix was favoured. In the second and third trimester Sulprostone was administered by the intravenous (mean dosage 925 mcg), the intragluteal (mean dosage 540 mcg) or the extra-amniotic (mean dosage 660 mcg) route. After "intramural" administration an abortion score of at least 20 according to Csapo was obtained in 78% of patients. With the intravenous route the abortion rate was 86%, with the extra-amniotic 74% and with the intragluteal route 70%. The main use of "intramural" application is seen in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy in order to ensure non-traumatic dilatation of the cervix. In the second and third trimester intravenous and intragluteal administration seem to be superior to the extra-amniotic route because of their better tolerance.

Abortion, Eugenic↗