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Biomedical subjects

O Abe

Publications and source records attributed to O Abe.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric carcinoma. Analysis of data on 1805 patients followed for 5 years.

The effectiveness of combination chemotherapy with mitomycin-C (MMC) plus Futraful (N1-(2'-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil) for gastric cancer was investigated in a prospective randomized and controlled study. Two thousand sixty-four Japanese patients in 297 hospitals were entered, and 1805 could be followed. All patients had undergone gastrectomy from May 1975 to July 1976. These patients were grouped into two protocols: protocol I (intermittent intravenous injection of a moderate dose of MMC), and protocol II (bolus intravenous injection of MMC), each of which was allocated to group A (without Futraful) and group B (MMC plus oral administration of Futraful for 3 months). Statistically, this randomized study showed that the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced cancer was not enhanced. However, with protocol II the Futraful administration seemed to improve the 5-year survival rate for those with Stage III cancer and for those with positive lymph node metastasis plus obvious serosal invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Combined cytotoxic and endocrine therapy for human breast carcinoma (Br-10) serially transplanted into nude mice.

Cytotoxic and endocrine therapy on a human breast carcinoma (Br-10) serially transplanted into nude mice was given with reference to the sequence of drug administration. Mitomycin C (MMC) was combined with 2.5 mg/kg of tamoxifen (TAM). MMC was dissolved in 0.2 ml of physiological saline and administered intraperitoneally once weekly. TAM was dissolved in 0.1 ml of sesame oil and administered intramuscularly twice weekly. Both drugs were administered in the reverse sequence for 2 or 3 weeks. Cytosol estrogen receptor (ERc), nuclear estrogen receptor (ERn) and progesterone receptor (PgR), and 3H-thymidine uptake labeling index (L.I.) were assayed after the treatment. When 1.5 mg/kg of MMC was combined with TAM, statistically significant differences were nil between the different sequential administrations. When the MMC administration was reduced to 0.75 mg/kg and 2 weeks, respectively, the MMC----TAM sequence was more effective than the reversed sequential administration. MMC preserved ERc and depressed L.I. to almost half of that of the control tumor. TAM generated the ER systems and slightly depressed L.I. These different modes of action between MMC and TAM on ER systems and L.I. may explain the antitumor effects of different sequential administrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical usefulness of serum procollagen-III-peptide in patients with solid tumor].

An attempt has been made to determine the clinical usefulness of serum procollagen-III-peptide (P-III-P) in comparison with serum CEA and AFP in patients with solid tumor. Serum P-III-P levels were measured in 82 cases of carcinoma and 64 cases of benign disease employing an AG Radiochemishes Laboratrium RIAgnost P-III-P kit. Serum P-III-P levels of 148 healthy subjects were 8.5 +/- 2.6 ng/ml (M +/- S.D.), with an upper limit of 13.7(M + 2S.D.). The serum P-III-P level in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma was elevated to 47.5 +/- 97.5 (88.9%). Serum P-III-P levels in cases of pancreatic carcinoma were elevated slightly, whereas those for patients with carcinoma of the stomach, colorectum, esophagus, and breast were low, and their P-III-P positive rates were lower than those of their serum CEA. On the other hand, the serum P-III-P levels in benign diseases involving the liver and biliary tract were higher than those in other benign diseases. Therefore, although serum P-III-P can be a useful marker in hepatocellular carcinoma, it may possibly be difficult to discriminate it from benign diseases involving the liver and biliary tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A randomized study on the long-term adjuvant chemotherapy with ftorafur and mitomycin C for gastric cancer: the second study (III)].

The Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer adopted, as a second cooperative study, a prospective randomized trial on three groups: MMC alone, Ftorafur alone, and a combination of MMC and Ftorafur. The number of patients subjected to this analysis was 3033. The usefulness of long-term adjuvant chemotherapy was studied, based on a follow-up period of 4 years after surgery. No definite differences were observed in general. However, classified by prognostic factors, both the survival and disease free rates were improved in patients with stage III, n (+) ps (+) advanced cancer, to whom Ftorafur alone was administered for a long-term period. In patients who underwent of curative resection, the long-term administration of Ftorafur alone tended to prevent recurrence postoperatively, especially within the first two postoperative years. However the survival and disease free rates in the group receiving Ftorafur combined with MMC were higher than those of the group receiving Ftorafur alone. Moreover the combination of MMC and Ftorafur prolonged survival even in patients who did not undergo curative resection, and was found to be particularly useful in such patients, as designated by more than two prognostic factors.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1984

[In vitro chemosensitivity test of human solid cancer: 3H-thymidine uptake inhibition test].

In vitro chemosensitivity test of human solid cancers, serially transplanted into nude mice was performed by detecting the inhibitory rate of 3H-thymidine incorporation to cancer cells. And the results of in vitro chemosensitivity test were compared with those in nude mice. This in vitro chemosensitivity test could present the quantitative results from a relatively small number of cancer cells within a short term (48 hours). Additionally, many samples could be handled at the same time by using microtestplates and a semiautomatic multiple cell harvester. The predictability of this in vitro chemosensitivity test to the in vivo effects was 80.6% (29/36) with 3 false positive and 4 false negative cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Experimental and clinical studies on aclarubicin in the treatment of solid tumors.

Experimental and clinical studies were performed on aclarubicin in the treatment of solid tumors. In experimental cancer chemotherapy using human tumor xenografts transplanted to nude mice, aclarubicin showed a moderate antitumor effect (retardation of tumor growth) and nearly the same spectrum of activity in vivo as Adriamycin (doxorubicin). In in vitro sensitivity tests using 3H-thymidine uptake inhibition of a single cell suspension prepared from xenografts, aclarubicin showed a stronger inhibition than that of Adriamycin, mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide. In phase II clinical studies in patients with solid tumors, 3 intravenous dose schedules [schedule A: 20 mg (equal to 14 mg/m2) daily every other week, schedule B: 40 to 60 mg (28 to 42 mg/m2) twice a week, and schedule C: 60 to 100 mg (42 to 70 mg/m2) once a week] were investigated. Aclarubicin produced a 15 to 20% response rate for carcinomas of the stomach, lung, breast and ovary by schedules A and B. Dose-schedule limiting factors were digestive and hematologic toxicity.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1984

[Controversy on the treatment of early breast cancer].

Ten year survival rate following modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer with stage I was 84 per cent. Sixteen per cent of them had metastases in the axillary lymph nodes. However, setting limits to under 1.0 centimeter in diameter of the tumor, rate of the axillary metastases was 7 per cent. In addition to it, using the X ray mammography and the histological examination of the biopsied specimen, an early breast cancer without metastasis could be selected rather accurately, that is the axillary dissection could be saved for such early breast cancer. On the other hand, it was recognized that intramammary multicenctricity was 96 cases, (8.5%), in 970 breast cancer, residual cancer following the excisional biopsy was 61 cases (32%) in 176 breast cancer, and breast cancer risk following microdochectomy for intraductal papillary lesions was 6.7%. Accordingly, now that a lesion is certified as breast cancer, total mastectomy is required at least.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Radical operation for rectal cancer to preserve anorectal, urinary and sexual function].

Recently, preservation of physiological functions have become to be considered in the operative treatment for rectal cancer. Dysfunction caused following radical operation for rectal cancer is divided into two parts as follows, (1) disturbance or loss of anorectal function due to sacrifice of the anus in abdomino-perineal resection and decrease function as fecal reservoir following anal sphincter preserving resection of the rectum. (2) anorectal, urinary and sexual dysfunction following surgical injury to the autonomic nerves by pelvic lymph nodes dissection. Our conceptions of the indication for sphincter preserving operation and for wide dissection of pelvic lymph nodes which cause severe dysfunction of urinary and sexual functions postoperatively were discussed.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1983

Highly sensitive method for determination of esterase activity of alpha-chymotrypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin-like enzymes using micro high-performance liquid chromatography.

A new substrate, Dns-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester, with high UV absorption has been developed for the determination of the esterase activity of alpha-chymotrypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin-like enzymes. The product, generated by the enzyme action, Dns-L-phenylalanine, was clearly separated from the ester substrate by micro reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The substrate was highly stable under the enzyme assay conditions used. As little as 0.15 ng of alpha-chymotrypsin and 1.49 ng of subtilisin BPN' could be detected when a long reaction time was employed. Hydrolyses of the substrate by alpha-chymotrypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin-like enzymes were blocked by specific inhibitors of the enzymes.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1983

Human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) serially transplanted into nude mice.

The tumor cells (0.5 ml, 1 X 10(7) of MCF-7 line were inoculated into the subcutaneous tissue or intraperitoneum of female BALB/c nude mice. Primarily transplanted mice were treated with 17 beta-estradiol dipropionate (E2) in a dose of 5 mg/kg and 17 alpha-hydroxy progesterone caproate (Pg) in a dose of 250 mg/kg once a week. After the transferable strain was established, tumors were transplanted into female and male mice treated with E2, Pg, and E2 + Pg. The tumors treated with E2 or E2 + Pg grew exponentially while tumors in the other group regressed. Pg was assumed to play some role in the growth of MCF-7, in the presence of estrogen. Although cytosol estrogen receptors (ERc), nuclear estrogen receptors (ERn), and progesterone receptors (PgR) were detected by dextran coated-charcoal method and exchange assay in the growing tumors, ERn and PgR of regressing tumors was usually negative. This MCF-7 strain in nude mice may be a promising animal model for studying chemo-hormone therapy for human breast carcinomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Studies on the effect of lentinan on human immune system. II. In vivo effect on NK activity, MLR induced killer activity and PHA induced blastic response of lymphocytes in cancer patients].

Immunological activities of lymphocytes were studied in patients with cancer of digestive organs and mamma after administration of lentinan. When 11 cancer patients received lentinan i.v. 2 mg, NK activity of lymphocytes was increased in 4 patients on the following day. With the same condition, MLR induced killer activity against Raji cell of lymphocytes was increased in 3/7 patients and PHA response was also increased in 3/7 patients. These activities were returned to values before the administration of lentinan. Then each activity was examined after administration of lentinan twice a week. NK activity, MLR induced killer activity and PHA response were increased in 4/15, 8/12 and 5/11 patients, respectively.

Cytotoxicity, Immunologic↗
PubMed1983

[Studies on pre- and postoperative extravascular lung water changes in patients with esophageal cancer].

Pre- and postoperative extravascular lung water (EVLW) changes in a series of twenty patients with esophageal cancer were studied using thermal-dye double-indicator dilution method. Preoperative EVLW was 8.2 +/- 2.3 ml/kg (M +/- SD), being greater as compared to the normal range of EVLW. The pattern of postoperative EVLW changes varied between patients and changes could not be predicted by the conventional examinations including chest X-ray, determination of pulmonary hemodynamics and blood gas analysis. Analysing the relationship between the changes in COP-PWP gradient and EVLW, COP-PWP gradient decreased on the first postoperative day regardless of the EVLW changes. With regard to the changes for the 2nd to the 3rd day or for the 3rd to the 4th day, however, the patients with elevating EVLW showed falling COP-PWP gradient, whereas the patients having decreasing EVLW had an increase in COP-PWP gradient. Especially, the patients in which EVLW had increased during the 3rd to the 4th day showed a remarkable rise of PWP possibly due to depressed left ventricular function. It is considered that the EVLW increase on the first postoperative day is attributable to an alteration of the permeability characteristics of alveolar capillary but that the increase in the 3rd to 4th day is simply due to an elevated hydrostatic pressure. This suggests that there are two different kinds of mechanism involving in the production of wet lung following esophageal cancer surgery.

Body Water↗
PubMed1983

[Randomized study on the long-term adjuvant chemotherapy with ftorafur and mitomycin C for stomach cancer: second report].

In view of the usefulness of long-term adjuvant chemotherapy, the Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer adopted as the second cooperative study a prospective randomized trial on three groups; MMC alone, Futraful alone and a combination of MMC and Futraful. In the group of Futraful alone the survival and disease-free rate were improved in three years after operation, especially marked in patients with the advanced stage. Moreover, the survival and disease-free rate in the group of the combination therapy were higher than those in the group of Futraful alone, and the relapse rate was lower in the former. Therefore, a long-term combined adjuvant chemotherapy with MMC and Futraful seems to be one of the most effective chemotherapy regimens for resectable advanced gastric cancer.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of chemotherapy on the interstitial tissue of a malignant human tumor transplanted into nude mice, with reference to microvessels].

Experimental chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide (CPA) was performed on a human malignant hemangiopericytoma serially transplanted into nude mice with a genetic background of BALB/c and the changes or histological findings and microangiograms (MAG) were investigated. The treatment was performed 2 weeks after tumor inoculation. Either 120 mg/kg or 240 mg/kg of CPA, dissolved in 0.2 ml of physiological saline, was administered once intraperitoneally. On days 1, 2, 4 and 7 after the treatment, mice were sacrificed and each tumor was examined in terms of histological findings and MAG. Although the tumors treated with 120 mg/kg of CPA were suppressed temporarily, the regrowth of the tumors were observed. The tumors treated with 240 mg/kg of CPA regressed without any regrowth. From the observations of MAG, the former showed an avascular area on day 4 after the treatment and the tumor vessels regenerated on day 7 after the treatment. On the other hand, in the latter group, it was found that the normal vascular network developed after the formation of an avascular area 2 days after the treatment. From the histological findings, the former showed to reduce mitotic indeces of 1 or 2 days after the treatment, however the mitotic indeces were found to recover 7 days after the treatment. Mitotic indeces of tumors treated with 240 mg/kg of CPA were observed to be depressed after the treatment. These results suggested that the changes of interstitial tissue were closely correlated well with the destruction and regrowth of tumor cells observed by the growth curve and histological findings. Tumor vessels were thought to play an important role in the cancer chemotherapy, not only as the transport systems of drugs but also as the target of antitumor agents.

Animals↗