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Biomedical subjects

O Abe

Publications and source records attributed to O Abe.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Clinical evaluation of adriamycin for advanced breast cancer (3)--a joint study by 26 institutes on the CAF and CMcF treatment].

The clinical efficacy of two combination chemotherapies, "CAF" (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, fluorouracil) and "CMcF" (cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C, fluorouracil) were evaluated on the patients with disseminated breast cancer. Two dosage levels were prepared for each combination. After the investigators decided the dosage levels for the patients, patients were assigned to either combination chemotherapy, CAF or CMcF. Among those patients, 138 cases were evaluable. The objective response rates according to "Assessment Criteria of Therapeutic Effects on Advanced or Recurrent Breast Cancer" by Japan Breast Cancer Society were as follows; High dose schedule: CAF 48.4% (15/31) CMcF 40.9% (9/22) Low dose schedule: CAF 31.7% (13/41) CMcF 15.9% (7/44) In both dosage levels, CAF produced higher response rate than CMcF: The toxicities commonly encountered in all treatment groups were anorexia, nausea and vomiting, as well as leucopenia. Alopecia in CAF and thrombocytopenia in CMcF were characteristic side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Immunological competence of nude mice on the growth of transplantable human tumors--with reference to natural killer cells].

Influences of natural killer cells on the transplantable human tumors was evaluated by using anti-asialo GM1 antibody. Two human gastric adenocarcinomas designated as St-4 (poorly differentiated) and St-40 (well differentiated) were inoculated into nude mice. The effects of anti-asialo GM1 antibody were assessed in terms of tumor doubling time (Td) and 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) uptake labeling index (L.I.). Whereas the Td of St-4 was significantly shortened by administration of anti-asialo GM1 antibody, no noticeable changes were observed in St-40. This enhanced growth of St-4 was also supported by the elevation of L.I. both in flashing and repeating methods. On the other hand, as the repeated L.I. of St-40 was almost 100% in control tumors, repeated L.I. was not increased by the administration of anti-asialo GM1 antibody. It was supported that natural killer activity of nude mice regulated the growth of transplantable human tumors concerning with the growth fractions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Antitumor effect and metabolic activation of cyclophosphamide and 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide in the human breast carcinoma (MX-1)-nude mouse system.

The effects of cyclophosphamide (CPA) and its active form, 4-hydroperoxy-CPA, against human breast carcinoma transplanted into nude mice (BALB/c nu/nu) were evaluated in terms of the decreases of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in nude mice. A human breast carcinoma, MX-1, was implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of nude mice and a drug was administered intravenously once at a dose of 0.05, 0.1 or 0.15 mmol/kg, 1 or 3 weeks after tumor inoculation. 4-Hydroperoxy-CPA was more effective than CPA as regards inhibition of tumor growth, and the difference in effect was greater when the drugs were administered 3 weeks after tumor inoculation. The activity of CPA was depressed by the decrease of the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in proportion to the tumor-bearing period. Therefore, the effects of masked derivatives of CPA may correlate with the changes in drug-metabolizing activities of tumor-bearing mice. The human tumor xenografts-nude mice system is considered to be suitable for chemosensitivity tests with masked compounds.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The response to endocrine therapy in patients with advanced breast cancer in Great Britain and Japan.

A prospective study has been carried out to compare the response rates to endocrine therapy of Japanese and British women with breast cancer. Premenopausal women were treated by ovarian ablation, patients who were up to five years postmenopausal were prescribed androgen therapy and patients who were more than five years postmenopausal were treated with oestrogens. No differences in response rate, response time or survival could be detected in the three categories of patients. Significantly more Japanese patients presented with pulmonary metastases in the pre- and postmenopausal groups. In postmenopausal Japanese patients treated with oestrogens, those with pulmonary metastases survived significantly longer.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Individualized fluid resuscitation based on haemodynamic monitoring in the management of extensive burns.

An evaluation has been made on the effectiveness and feasibility of the individualized fluid replacement programme based on intensive haemodynamic monitoring using a Swan-Ganz catheter. Twenty-one extensively burned patients with an average burn of 60.8 per cent BSA were resuscitated with lactated Ringer's and colloid solutions. The rate of fluid administration was adjusted to maintain the optimal ranges of the various haemodynamic parameters including cardiac index and left ventricular stroke work index. Two patients failed to respond to fluid resuscitation possibly due to inadequate emergency procedures given before arrival at our institute. The remaining patients survived the shock phase, with the amount of fluid given to the 18 adult patients being (3.38 /+- 1.02 ml/kg) x (percentage burn) for the first 24 hours. A negative correlation existed between the amounts of lactated Ringer's solution and colloid solution used for the fluid resuscitation. Dopamine was effective in 4 out of 5 patients who showed depressed myocardial function. The individualized fluid programme was shown to be effective and reliable for the management of critically burned patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Phase II study on peplomycin for esophageal cancer].

For the purpose of verifying the effectiveness of peplomycin, one of the derivatives of bleomycin, against carcinoma of the esophagus and the safety of it, the analysis of the data for total 113 cases collected from 25 institutions in Japan was made. The results are as follows. It was effective in 19 out of 74 evaluable cases of carcinoma of the esophagus (25.7%). In case of treatment with peplomycin alone, it was effective in 6 out of 39 cases (15.4%). In case of the combination treatment with peplomycin and some other therapy, it was effective in 13 out of 35 cases (37.1%). As for the side effects, the incidence of fever was the highest in both the cases of peplomycin alone and the combination treatment such as 39.6% and 37.0%, respectively. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, respiratory symptoms and tiredness were found in relatively many cases. In the clinical laboratory tests, the vital capacity after the treatment tended to be lower than that before the treatment, but there was little change in the hematological tests, pulmonary function test and renal function test.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Oral high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in the treatment of advanced and recurrent breast cancer: a dose-response evaluation].

The antitumor effect and side effects of oral high-dose Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) therapy were studied in 110 patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer. MPA in 200 mg tablets was consecutively administered at a daily dose of 600, 800, 1,000, 1,200, 1,600, 1,800 or 2,400 mg. The overall response rate was 32/110 (29.1%), and the highest response rate was obtained in the 1,200 mg group (38.2%). The response rate by the site of lesion was higher in the soft tissues and also in bone metastases. Side effects such as moon face, vaginal spotting and abnormal glucose tolerance was mild and tolerable. Accordingly, from the antitumor effect and side effects, the optimal dose was considered to be 1,200 mg a day. Furthermore, as MPA therapy increases appetite and body weight of patients without causing myelopoietic depression, this drug could be used successfully in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Multihospital randomized study on the adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin-C and Futraful for gastric cancer V. Estimation of 5-year survival rate].

The addition of Futraful to MMC therapy of gastric carcinoma was evaluated. Nationwide 297 institutions participated in a randomized controlled study and cumulative five-year survival rate was calculated. A total of 1,673 cases was studied. These were divided in two groups: Group A, without Futraful, and Group B, with Futraful. Futraful was administered postoperatively for 3 months. The MMC treatment was done by moderate intermittent administration (Method I) or by large dose administration (Method II). Futraful improved survival rates regardless of the method of MMC treatment. Especially, Group B' (more than 60 g of Futraful) showed significantly better results in patients with metastases and positive serosal invasion in both methods, and beta type infiltration in Method I. Furthermore the Group B' patients had higher survival than Group A patients in Method II for patients in stage III and gamma type infiltration. Method II, a large dose MMC, plus Futraful was suggestive of particular effectiveness in preventing peritoneal metastases in curatively resected cases.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of levamisole in postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy of stomach cancer--randomized controlled study of MMC-tegafur combination therapy with or without levamisole. 1].

The effects of levamisole used in combination with Mitomycin C and Tegafur in patients with resectable stomach cancer were investigated in 10 cooperative institutes. The patients were randomly allocated to the treatment with either control or levamisole by envelope method. Levamisole group was treated with Mitomycin C (day 0, 20 mg, day 1, 10 mg, one shot i.v.), Tegafur (600 mg/day, p.o.) and levamisole (150 mg/day, p.o.). Levamisole was administered 3 consecutive days prior to surgery, and 3 consecutive days every fortnight after surgery. The control group was administered Mitomycin C and Tegafur. The both drugs were administered by the same method as above. Two hundred and twenty-two patients were entered in this trial. However, with the exclusion of 67 patients, the eligible patients were 155, consisting of 77 in the control group and 78 in the levamisole group. In stage III patients, the disease-free interval and survival time were significantly prolonged in the levamisole group compared to the control group (generalized Wilcoxon test p less than 0.05). The side effects were observed a little more frequently in the levamisole group. However, there was no significant difference. From this result, it can be considered that levamisole is effective in delaying recurrence and in prolonging survival time of the patients when used in combination with adjuvant chemotherapy after resection of stomach cancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of mitomycin C on human gastric and colon carcinomas serially transplanted to nude mice--with special reference to the start of drug administration].

Three human gastric carcinomas and one colon carcinoma serially transplanted to nude mice were used for experimental chemotherapy of mitomycin C (MMC) with special reference to the start of drug administration. BALB/c nu/nu male originated from the Central Institute for Experimental Animals were used. All the experiments were carried out under the specific pathogen-free conditions using laminar air flow racks. Tumors used for experiments were St-4; poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of stomach, St-15; mucinous adenocarcinoma of stomach, KS-1; poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of colon. MMC at the doses of 2 or 3 mg/kg were administered intraperiatoneally once a week for 3 or 4 times starting from 24 hours (DAY-1 Adm.) or 2 weeks (DAY-14 Adm.) after tumor inoculation. Response to chemotherapy was evaluated on the basis of growth curves, tumor weights, and histopathological changes. Whereas St-15, a sensitive strain to MMC, was suppressed by DAY-1 and DAY-14 administration. Similarly, DAY-1 administration revealed more excellent effect on the other three tumors than DAY-14 administration. These results indicated that MMC was more effective when the tumor mass was smaller, and also suggested that the adjuvant chemotherapy of surgical operation should be started as soon as possible after tumor resection or reduction. In the case of DAY-1 treatment, the false positive result by anti-vascularization effect of MMC could not be excluded, it seems to be adequate that drug administration should be started after the initiation of logarithmic growth phase of the tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of postoperative long-term chemotherapy of stomach cancer using mitomycin C and futraful--the secondary study (1)].

The Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer in Japan with the participation of 334 institutes nation-wide had conducted the secondary study in order to investigate the usefulness of futraful in long term treatment, based on the results obtained by the primary study. The following method was taken for the study and patients were randomly divided into three groups: A group-given a high dose of MMC immediately after operation; B group-given futraful for one year after MMC administration; C group-given futraful alone for long-term. The number of eligible cases for data analysis was 3,o30. Side effects observed during the long term treatment with futraful were considered to be minor. Although the occurrence of hematocytopenia was slightly frequent because of possible increase of influence by the concomitant use of MMC, no tendency of hepatic disorders and any subjective side effects to be strengthened by MMC combination was observed at all. As for 2-year survival, an elevated survival was found in the group of concomitant use of MMC and futraful; Especially, a significantly high survival was found in the cases of stage III and n (+) . ps (+). Furthermore, the survival was elevated in proportion to the increase of total dosage of futraful. This suggested the usefulness of futraful for long term treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Combination chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil (CAF) in advanced and recurrent breast cancer].

Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (CPA), adriamycin (ADR) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (CAF therapy) was performed in 85 patients with advanced and recurrent breast cancer. According to the response criteria for advanced breast cancer by the Japan Mammary Cancer Society, complete response was obtained in 6 cases and partial response in 19 and an overall effective rate was 29.4% (25/85). In terms of efficacy classified by metastatic lesion, the effective rate was more than 40% in skin and subcutaneous tissue, and lymph nodes, but if was low in bone metastases. Alopecia, leukopenia, nausea and vomiting were observed very frequently as side effects, but they disappeared within three weeks, except alopecia. CAF therapy is considered to be useful in the treatment of advanced and recurrent breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Microvascular architecture of human tumors transplanted in nude mice--its relationship to sensitivity to antineoplastic agents].

Microangiographic study was performed with ten human tumors serially transplanted into nude mice to clarify the role of tumor vessels on the chemosensitivity of the human tumors. Five gastric carcinomas, two colon carcinomas, one breast carcinoma, one cholangiocarcinoma, and one hemangiopericytoma were used for the experiments. Seven tumors revealed hypervascular network of vessels, whereas hypovascular patterns of tumor vessels were observed in the other three tumors. It was found that the histologically differentiated tumors were hypervascular and undifferentiated tumors were hypovascular, with statistically significant differences (p less than 0.05). Each tumor possessed the vascular network similar to human tumors originated from the same organs. No discernible changes of microangiographic features were noticed by serial transfers. As the chemosensitivities of these tumors depended mainly on their original tissues, these chemosensitivities could not be explained only by tumor vascularities or drug transferences. However, in the tumors with similar chemosensitive spectra, less susceptible tumors were observed to possess the irregular vascular networks in comparison with sensitive strains. From these considerations, tumor vessels were thought to have some role on vascular flow and drug transference which affected chemosensitivity of human tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Lymph node metastases from carcinomas developing in pedunculated and semipedunculated colorectal adenomas.

Intramucosal carcinomas do not metastasise, but 5% to 10% of patients with submucosal cancers show lymph node involvement. Some of these submucosal cancers occur in pedunculated or semipedunculated polyps, which are usually treated by endoscopic polypectomy. Of 214 colorectal polyps removed endoscopically at the Keio University Hospital from 1976 to 1979, six showed submucosal invasive carcinoma. All six patients were subjected to colon resection, and two were found to have lymph node metastases. Consideration of these cases and of the literature suggests that resection is necessary after endoscopic polypectomy when there is carcinoma at the cut end, massive carcinomatous invasion of the neck of the polyp, lymphatic involvement, or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗