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Biomedical subjects

N Yamane

Publications and source records attributed to N Yamane.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

R-R intervals of ECG in depression.

ECG measurements of consecutive 100 R-R intervals were done on depressive patients. The patient group presented lower mean values for coefficients of variation (CV) at each generation than the control group (normal subjects); the differences were significant especially for the subjects 40 to 49 years of age (P less than 0.05) and for those 60 to 69 years of age (P less than 0.01). These results can probably be regarded as a significant and objective index of autonomic disturbances in depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serological evaluation of an influenza A virus cold-adapted reassortant live vaccine, CR-37 (H1N1), in Japanese adult volunteers.

A cold-adapted influenza A virus, CR-37 (H1N1), derived from genetic reassortment between A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) cold-adapted variant virus and A/California/10/78 (H1N1) wild-type virus, was tested in Japanese adult volunteer. The CR-37 live virus preparation induced only low-grade clinical reactions in volunteers for the first 3-4 days after inoculation. Two vaccinees who did not show any antibody changes became febrile (over 38.0 degrees C). Skin tests using the vaccine preparation and uninfected allantoic fluid were performed, and indicated that one of these two vaccines was positive for the CR-37 vaccine preparation. A high proportion of the vaccinees whose sera had a haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titre against the vaccine strain of less than or equal to 64 before inoculation, seroconverted in both HI and neuraminidase-inhibition (NAI) antibody titrations, and only a few seroconverted in the titration of antibody against type-specific internal antigens. The serological examinations against heterotypic H1N1 variants indicated that the cold-adapted live influenza virus vaccine could induce a broad spectrum of HI antibody reactivity and immunity of long duration.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Reproducibility of the MS-2 system for identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae: a collaborative study with blindly assigned reference stains.

The reproducibility of identification and biochemical reactions for five different reference organisms of Enterobacteriaceae; Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and Enterobacter cloacae, were evaluated using the updated MS-2 system software (Abbott Laboratories, Diagnostic Division, Irving, Tex.) in a collaborative study involving 11 laboratories. When a total of 220 randomly coded test organisms were blindly examined, the MS-2 system correctly identified 92.7 and 86.8% for over 80 and 90% probability identification, respectively. Four organisms, P. vulgaris, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, and S. marcescens, were correctly identified in all laboratories with high probability, but 9 of 44 tests of Enterobacter cloacae resulted in misidentifications or low-likelihood (less than 80%) identifications. Accuracy was directly related to level of experience and familiarity with the MS-2 system in the individual laboratories. Biochemical reactions varied among the identification trials, especially in the identification of S. marcescens and Enterobacter cloacae. Among a total of 44 subcultures for each organism, 10 different biochemical patterns for P. vulgaris, 6 for K. pneumoniae, 9 for E. coli, 15 for S. marcescens, and 14 for Enterobacter cloacae were obtained. The results indicate that the MS-2 system performs with high accuracy and reproducibility in identifying Enterobacteriaceae, except for Enterobacter cloacae.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1984

Influence of long-term administration of anticonvulsants on human somatic chromosomes. Relationships of chromosome aberrations to plasma concentration, dosage and duration of anticonvulsants.

Chromosomal aberrations of 16 patients who have taken anticonvulsants for a long time were examined, and the following results were obtained. (1) There was no definite relation between the dosage of anticonvulsants and the incidence of abnormal cells, but positive correlation was recognized between the plasma concentration of the agents and the incidence of abnormal cells. (2) A significant correlation was recognized between the duration of administration and the incidence of abnormal cells. (3) The mean duration of drug administration was 16.9 years, with the incidence of abnormal cells of more than 15% in a group of 12 abnormal female subjects, and 8.1 years with an incidence of abnormal cells of less than 15% in a group of 9 normal subjects. (4) Morphological chromosome aberrations observed were mostly gaps and breaks. Any increase of exchange-type aberration was not recognized. It is conceivable that plasma factors might be more significant than the direct action from drugs as a mechanism of chromosome aberration. We speculate about the effects of lymphocyte chromosome aberration on living bodies, and the necessity of chromosome examination for the patients on long-term anticonvulsant therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Antigenic and genetic characterization of H1 influenza viruses isolated from feral ducks and swine in Japan.

The strains of H 1 N 4 influenza A virus isolated from feral ducks in Japan in 1977-78 were compared to swine-origin H 1 N 1 viruses antigenically and genetically. Homologous characteristics were found among the H 1 N 4 isolates from feral ducks in hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests, viral RNA patterns on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and oligonucleotide mapping. Although the hemagglutinins of duck-origin viruses employed in this study were identified as H 1, the viruses were distinguishable from A/New Jersey/8/76 (H 1 N 1), A/duck/Alberta/35/76 (H 1 N 1) and the virus isolated from swine in Japan in the cross HI test. Also, the viral RNA patterns of the duck- and swine-origin H 1 viruses were found to be quite different, indicating that genetic reassortment of HA genes between them is unlikely. After H 1 N 4 virus of duck-origin was intranasally inoculated into pigs, a brief period of virus recovery with no serological response was observed; whereas swine-origin H 1 N 1 virus produced seroconversion in the pigs inoculated.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of viruses which represent further distinct serotypes (PMV-8 and PMV-9) of avian paramyxoviruses.

Representatives of paramyxoviruses isolated from waterfowl in the U.S.A., goose/Delaware/1053/76, and Japan, pintail/Wakuya/20/78, were shown to be serologically closely related but distinct from other avian paramyxoviruses. Another isolate, from domestic ducks in the U.S.A., was shown to be representative of a further distinct serotype of avian paramyxoviruses. We propose that, in the current system of nomenclature these serotypes be designated PMV-8, for which the prototype strain would be PMV-8/goose/Delaware/1053/76 and PMV-9, for which the prototype strain would be PMV-9/domestic duck/New York/22/78.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Single radial complement fixation test for assaying antibody to influenza virus type-specific antigens.

An immunodiffusion technique in agarose is described for assay of complement-fixing antibodies against the type-specific soluble antigen of influenza virus. Under the test conditions, positive human serum produced a definite unlysed zone around the well, and the annulus area showed a high correlation with the antibody level in a conventional complement fixation test with log2 serum titer. This paper also describes the use of this method as a diagnostic procedure for the assay of antibodies against soluble antigens of influenza A and B viruses in paired human sera collected from persons infected with the virus or who received ether-split vaccine. This method appears to more sensitive and gives more consistent results for serodiagnosis of infection cases than do the hemagglutination inhibition, neuraminidase inhibition, and complement fixation tests. Our results suggest that the single radial complement fixation test can provide a simple and reliable method for serodiagnosis of influenza virus infection.

Agar↗
PubMed1983

Isolation and characterization of group B streptococci from genito-urinary tracts in Japan.

The prevalence of group B streptococci in urine specimens submitted from both inpatients and outpatients to the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were investigated. Out of 3,780 urine specimens, forty-seven strains were identified as group B streptococci, and clinical features revealed that the isolation ratio from outpatients was higher than that from inpatients, and that the majority of isolates were from female urine. Whereas the isolation ratios of group B streptococci from vaginal swabs were 2.9% in 377 pregnant women at 37-40 weeks of gestation, and 4.8% in 335 non-pregnant women. Also, the newborns delivered from mothers tested were investigated. Only two cases were positive in ear, pharyngeal and/or nasal swabs, but no clinical manifestation was observed. An alternative nomenclature system of group B streptococci based on the serological classification of both heat-labile protein and heat-stable polysaccharide antigens was evaluated for the clinical isolates and compared with the original Lancefield's procedure. The results indicated that the method described will provide a simple and reasonable technique for serotyping of group B streptococci.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

D-lactic acidosis in two patients with short bowel syndrome: bacteriological analyses of the fecal flora.

Two cases of D-lactic acidosis associated with short bowel syndrome are described. The administration of kanamycin to the patients showed a decrease in D-lactate in blood and urine in parallel with disappearance of metabolic acidosis. Bacteriological analyses of the fecal flora showed an increase in Lactobacillus buchneri in the first patient and Lactobacillus fermenti IVa in the second; both bacteria were sensitive to kanamycin. Quantification of in vitro production of D-lactate by each species of bacteria isolated from the feces revealed that Lactobacillus produced more D-lactate than other species of bacteria. These observations indicate that Lactobacillus may play an important role in the induction of D-lactic acidosis in patients with short bowel syndrome.

Acidosis↗