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Biomedical subjects

N Yamada

Publications and source records attributed to N Yamada.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of serum tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in patients with urogenital cancer].

The level of serum TPA was determined by radio-immunoassay in 19 healthy subjects and 90 patients with urogenital cancer. The normal level of serum TPA was 86 +/- 24 U/l, and the level of more than 134 U/l was determined positive. The positive rate of TPA was 38.9% in 90 patients, while that of CEA was 25.6%. In 19 patients with bladder tumor and 7 with testicular tumor, the positive rates of TPA were 52.6% and 71.4%, respectively, and the level of serum TPA was high in these positive patients. Considering the low positive rate of CEA, TPA may be a more useful marker than CEA in patients with bladder tumor and testicular tumor. Serial determinations of serum TPA and CEA showed the considerable variation of serum TPA compared with serum CEA and a temporary elevation of serum TPA following radical nephrectomy and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. However, the level of serum TPA fell significantly after the successful treatment in 8 patients (2 with renal cell cancer, 3 with bladder tumor, 1 with prostate cancer, 2 with testicular tumor) and rose sharply with recurrent or metastatic disease in 4 patients (2 with bladder tumor, 2 with testicular tumor). Although there was no correlation between the levels of serum TPA and serum PAP, the level of serum TPA tended to change in parallel with the level of serum AFP or HCG in 3 patients with testicular tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Effects of estrogen and progesterone on thymidine kinase activity in the immature rat uterus.

The effects of progesterone and/or 17 beta-estradiol on thymidine kinase activity and autoradiograms were investigated in immature rats. Thymidine kinase activity increased more than thirtyfold above the control level 30 hours after 17 beta-estradiol injection. The enzyme activity induced by 17 beta-estradiol was suppressed by progesterone, the dose of which was approximately 1,000-fold that of 17 beta-estradiol. The specific thymidine kinase isozyme, which was separated from 17 beta-estradiol-induced uterine thymidine kinase by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose column chromatography and not affected by deoxycytidine triphosphate, was involved in the DNA replication and inhibited by progesterone. The autoradiogram revealed many grains due to 3H-thymidine in the endometrial epithelium, stroma, and the myometrium in the immature rat 30 hours after 17 beta-estradiol injection, whereas progesterone reduced remarkably the number of grains induced by 17 beta-estradiol in the epithelium. Progesterone seems to inhibit the increment of the specific thymidine kinase isozyme induced by 17 beta-estradiol in the endometrial epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Synergistic effect of estrogen and androgen on induction of uterine thymidine kinase activities in immature rats.

Estradiol-17 beta induced a significant increase in the uterine thymidine kinase activity with a characteristic isozyme pattern 30 h after injection into immature rats. Testosterone propionate also revealed a similar increase. Following combined injection of estradiol-17 beta and testosterone propionate, the overall and separate isozyme activities of thymidine kinase increased to nearly the total amount of those when each hormone was injected separately.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of postoperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN) as an adjunct to gastrectomy for advanced gastric carcinoma.

Clinical staging and immune reactivity were correlated in 39 patients who underwent gastrectomy for primary gastric cancer. Cellular immunity was depressed as the stage of cancer advanced, whereas humoral immunity was unaffected. Gastrectomy for advanced cancer in stage 3 and 4 suppressed cellular immunity. The cellular and humoral immune systems in relation to total parenteral nutrition (TPN) versus non-TPN were evaluated in 57 patients who underwent gastrectomy for stage 3 and 4 advanced cancer. Cell-mediated immunocompetence was restored in all 29 patients who received postoperative TPN, while serum immunoglobulins were unaffected by TPN. Improvement of impaired cell-mediated immunity was also obtained in patients treated with a TPN-5-FU combination as an adjunct to surgery. Treatment with TPN during 5-FU administration restored immunocompetence, increased tolerance for 5-FU and gave a satisfactory 3-year survival rate. There were significant differences in the 3-year survival rates of patients who underwent non-curative gastrectomy (54 per cent for TPN-5-FU v. 0 per cent for non-TPN-5-FU; P less than 0.05). It is concluded that TPN during chemotherapy as an adjunct to surgery leads to diminished morbidity, and possibly to prolonged survival time, in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer. A possible mechanism responsible for the gratifying results of TPN treatment may be the increased tolerance for 5-FU resulting from improved nutrition and increased cell-mediated immunity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Peripheral ameloblastoma.

Peripheral ameloblastoma is a rare odontogenic neoplasm, which arises in the tooth-bearing gingiva or other oral soft tissues and has no invasive character as compared with an intraosseous ameloblastoma. A new case of the neoplasm has been presented, and the literature concerning behavior, histogenesis, and treatment of this entity has been evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Are amorphous aggregates of actin formed at the initial stage of polymerization?

Amorphous aggregates of actin of various sizes were observed under an electron microscope, when actin polymerization was inhibited or retarded by EDTA or by low salt concentration. It was first thought that these aggregates could be intermediate complexes of actin in the process of polymerization. These aggregates were, however, present in usual G-actin solution as well as column-chromatographed or highly clarified samples. In the samples prefixed with glutaraldehyde, the aggregates were also observed. Moreover, similar aggregates were seen in denatured actin samples. Hence it is concluded that these aggregates of actin are artefact products due to the treatment with uranyl acetate used for negative staining.

Actins↗
PubMed1983

Image diagnosis of parathyroid glands in chronic renal failure.

Twenty-two out of 31 patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy before operation underwent non-invasive image diagnosis of parathyroid glands by computed tomography (CT), scintigraphy with 201TlCl and 99mTcO4+, and/or ultrasonography. CT visualized 39 of 45 parathyroid glands (86.7%), weighing more than 500 mg. Scintigraphy with a subtraction method using a computer performed the diagnosis in 19 of 27 glands (70.4%). Ultrasonography detected 21 of 27 glands (77.8%). Image diagnosis was also useful in the postoperative follow-up study. The non-invasive image diagnosis of parathyroid glands in patients with chronic renal failure is thus valuable for 1) definite diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism, 2) localization, and 3) diagnosis for effectiveness of conservative treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Biosynthesis of the common precursor to vasopressin and neurophysin in vitro in transplantable human oat cell carcinoma of the lung with ectopic vasopressin production.

Transplantable human oat cell carcinoma cells of the lung with ectopic vasopressin production were incubated with labeled amino acids and immunoreactive neurophysins in cell extracts were analyzed by isoelectric focusing. When the cells were incubated with L-(35S)-cysteine for 20 h, one major peak (isoelectric point; pI=5.3) and several minor peaks (pI=6.1, 5.7, 5.1, 4.9 and 4.7) of labeled proteins were observed. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the relative molecular mass (Mr) of the pI 5.7 protein was estimated to be 20,000 and that of the pI 6.1 species to be 19,000, while the remainder had a Mr of approximately 10,000. The result of the pulse-labeling experiment has clearly shown that the pI 5.7 and 6.1 proteins, which have affinity for concanavalin A, are biosynthetic precursors for the smaller form of neurophysin with a pI 5.3. When subjected to limited proteolysis with trypsin, the pI 5.7 protein generated a Mr 10,000 protein and a smaller peptide. The Mr 10,000 protein thus produced was identified as neurophysin on the basis of its pH-dependent affinity for vasopressin and the migration pattern on isoelectric focusing. The smaller peptide coeluted with synthetic arginine vasopressin and bound to neurophysin suggesting that it possesses a cysteine-tyrosyl sequence at its N-terminus. Similarly, the pI 6.1 protein liberated neurophysin and vasopressin-like peptide after incubation with trypsin. These results suggests that the glycosylated protein with a pI of 5.7 and a Mr of 20,000 is the common precursor to vasopressin and neurophysin in human oat cell carcinoma of the lung with ectopic vasopressin production. The pI 6.1 protein may be an intermediate in the conversion of the precursor to vasopressin and neurophysin.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1983

Polymorphism of parathyroid glands in patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism.

The excised parathyroid glands of twenty-one patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism due to chronic renal failure were submitted to careful histopathologic examinations including electron-microscopy. The previous history of these patients who had been on hemodialysis treatment for a certain period was relatively uniform with no association with primary hyperparathyroidism. Although eleven patients had four evenly enlarged parathyroid glands, eight patients showed four unevenly enlarged parathyroid glands with one or two glands weighing less than 100 mg. Histopathologic patterns of hyperplasia are easily divided into two distinctly different patterns, diffuse and nodular. Thirteen cases showed the same histopathological patterns of hyperplasia, either diffuse or nodular, in all excised glands. However, one or two out of four glands in eight patients evidenced a different histopathological pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of methylprednisolone on peritumoral brain edema. A quantitative autoradiographic study.

Peritumoral brain edema was produced by intracerebral transplantation of Walker 256 tumor in rats. Local cerebral blood flow (LCBF), local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU), and capillary permeability were studied in untreated and methylprednisolone-treated rats by quantitative autoradiography. In the untreated group, LCBF and LCGU were widely depressed in the cortex and deep structures of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the tumor. In the methylprednisolone-treated animals, LCBF and LCGU were significantly better than in the untreated animals. Capillary permeability was highly increased in the viable part of the tumor in the untreated animals. In the methylprednisolone-treated group, capillary permeability of the tumor was significantly lower than that in the untreated group. These results may suggest that increase in capillary permeability of the tumor is the major source for edema fluid production, and that methylprednisolone improves brain edema by decreasing capillary permeability of the tumor. Decrease in edema fluid formation may result in restoration of blood flow and glucose metabolism in the adjacent brain tissue, and may improve clinical symptoms and signs.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Sensitivity distribution of bacteria newly isolated from urinary tract infections to micronomicin].

The antibacterial activity of micronomicin (MCR) was studied comparatively with that of AMK, GM, CMZ and CFX against 346 strains of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. marcescens, P. mirabilis, P. rettgeri, P. vulgaris, M. morganii, E. cloacae, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. epidermidis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections on a nation-wide scale from January to July, 1981. MCR was as high as GM in antibacterial activity against all of strains tested, especially very potent against E. coli and P. mirabilis. On the other hand, AMK showed a tendency to be a little lower in antibacterial activity than MCR and GM, CMZ and CFX were weaker in antibacterial activity against the strains tested in this study than MCR, AMK and GM.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1983

Nervous system-specific enolase in serum as a marker for neuroblastoma.

Serum levels of nervous system-specific enolase (alpha gamma form plus gamma gamma form) were determined in 18 patients with neuroblastoma and in 40 control infants by means of a sandwich enzyme immunoassay method specific to the gamma subunit (or 14-3-2 protein) of enolase isozymes. Levels in patients with neuroblastoma were elevated (mean, 70.3; range, 6.2 to 330.0 ng/mL) when compared with those of control subjects (4.3 +/- 1.7 ng/mL). Most of the patients (6/7), whose serum nervous system-specific enolase level increased more than 100 ng/mL, died within 1 month. Serial measurements in patients with neuroblastoma receiving various therapies have revealed that there was a good correlation between serum nervous system-specific enolase levels and the course of the disease. These results indicate that the nervous system-specific enolase in serum may be a valuable marker for therapeutic monitoring of patients with neuroblastoma, as reported recently in patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung.

Child↗