Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Yamada

Publications and source records attributed to N Yamada.

At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Subtotal versus total parathyroidectomy with forearm autograft for secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure.

Forty-three patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism underwent parathyroidectomy; 20 of the 43 underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy (Group A) and 23 patients underwent total parathyroidectomy and parathyroid autotransplant in the forearm (Group B). Postoperative clinical improvement was similar in both groups. In the immediate postoperative period eight patients in Group A who had severe bone changes and 21 patients in Group B needed supplemental calcium administration. The grafted tissues in all cases functioned well; reimplantation of the cryopreserved parathyroid tissues was unnecessary. One case in each group showed a recurrence. One patient in Group A was submitted to reexploration of the neck with a lateral approach. The other patient in Group B underwent excisions of the transplanted parathyroid tissues on three separate occasions under local anesthesia. The second operation was definitely easier and safer to manage after a total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation to the forearm.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of plasma infusion on plasma lipids, apoproteins and plasma enzyme activities in familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency.

The siblings presented here are the third family found in Japan with familial LCAT deficiency. Their post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were measured selectively by an immunochemical method. Plasma triglyceride levels were elevated, and post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase was decreased only in a patient with nephropathy, while hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were within reference limits in both patients. The plasma concentrations of apo A-I, apo A-II, and apo B were reduced in both patients. On the other hand, the plasma concentration of apo E was markedly increased. Enzyme replacement therapy by plasma transfusion in the propositus resulted in marked improvement of deranged compositions of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Also, improvement of the plasma apo E concentration was demonstrated, while the improvement of post-heparin lipase did not occur. These results suggest that LCAT may play an important physiological role in triglyceride metabolism as well as in cholesterol metabolism.

Apoproteins↗
PubMed1984

The absolute structures of rubeomycins A and A1 (carminomycins II and III) and rubeomycins B and B1 (4-hydroxybaumycinols A1 and A2).

The absolute configurations of rubeomycins A and A1 (corresponding to carminomycins II and III) and rubeomycins B and B1 (corresponding to 4-hydroxybaumycinols A1 and A2), except at the C-1" position, were determined by comparison of the optical rotations and other spectral data of rubeomycin derivatives with those of daunomycin and L-(+)-lactic acid.

Anthracyclines↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of renal hyperparathyroidism].

Forty-three patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism underwent parathyroid surgery. The first 20 patients were submitted to subtotal parathyroidectomy, and the last 23 patients underwent total parathyroidectomy and parathyroid autotransplantation in the forearm. Non-invasive image diagnosis, CT, ultrasonography and scintigraphy are valuable for 1) making a definite diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism, 2) locating the tumor 3) determining the effectiveness of treatment, and 4) differentially diagnosing thyroid tumors. For surgical treatment, we recommend total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation in the forearm because the second operation for recurrence may be done more safely and easily than after subtotal parathyroidectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The effect of bifonazole on the structure of Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

The morphological changes in the growing hyphae of Trichophyton mentagrophytes treated with a new azole antimycotic bifonazole (Mycospor) were studied by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. Treatment with the drug at concentrations ranging from 1-10 ng/ml that were much lower than its MIC value for this fungal strain (630 ng/ml) caused a profound inhibition of hyphal growth. It was characterized by several findings: (1) development of wavy or curled hyphae; (2) occasional formation of swollen cells often arranging in chain; (3) partial exfoliation of hyphal walls, and (4) excretion of fibrillar materials. These morphological changes of the hyphae became more prominent with increasing drug concentrations up to 500 ng/ml, at which many hyphae were collapsed and distorted. These results strongly suggest that subinhibitory concentrations of bifonazole profoundly affected the normal growth and induced degenerative changes of the hyphae of T. mentagrophytes probably by affecting some essential metabolism or structure of the fungal cell.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Marked effect of furosemide and hypertonic saline in the treatment of SIAD after head injury].

A case of SIADH after head injury was encountered and treated successfully with furosemide and hypertonic saline. 250 mg of furosemide was given twice at two hours' interval. The dose of 2.5% saline for the infusion was calculated according to the excretion of sodium in the urine collected during this period. The level of serum sodium quickly rose from 113 mEq/l to 137 mEq/l in 33 hours. The consciousness of the patient returned to normal. The problems of quick correction of hyponatremia including the central pontine neurolysis were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A case of two-chambered left ventricle with echoes of an abnormal floating mass].

A case of a two-chambered left ventricle with an abnormal floating mass was reported. A 13-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of a grade III/VI transsystolic apical murmur. Chest radiography showed mild cardiomegaly. The electrocardiogram showed QS patterns in leads V1-V3, and left ventricular high voltage with wide QRS complexes. A two-dimensional echocardiogram revealed two chambers divided by the septum in the left ventricle, and a mass floating in the apical chamber. A levogram showed the double chambered left ventricle incompatible with the findings of echocardiography. The walls of the accessory chamber and the septum were hypokinetic, but not dyskinetic. Coronary arteriograms were unremarkable. At surgery, tangled trabeculae carneae and chordae tendineae were observed on the apical surface of the septum. The accessory chamber communicated freely with the main chamber through an orifice with a diameter of 1.5 cm. No other congenital malformations were found. Microscopic examination of the accessory chamber wall showed the thickened endocardium and hypertrophic myocardial fibers, and there was no area of fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Pituitary enlargement with primary hypothyroidism. Report of a case with hyperprolactinemia].

A thirty-nine-year-old house-wife having two children manifested amenorrhea and galactorrhea, since two years before admission. At the same time, she also showed hypothyroidism with high level of serum TSH, which was very sensitive to TRH. Contrast enhanced CT revealed intrasellar mass. Transsphenoidal operation was performed, which revealed a soft, suckable and hypovascularized pituitary mass. The border between the mass and normal pituitary was not clear. Histological diagnosis was pituitary hyperplasia under light and electron microscopy. Before surgery, we were not sure whether this case was primary pituitary tumor or secondary pituitary mass due to hypothyroidism, because we had not been doing thyroid replacement before operation. In this paper, we stress that first choice of treatment for this type of tumor should be thyroid replacement therapy and that, if that replacement therapy failed, pituitary surgery should be the second choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Studies on the reverse tolerance phenomenon after repeated methamphetamine treatment in rats].

Male rats of the Wistar strain were divided into three groups, to which three different doses of methamphetamine (MAP), 0.5 mg, 2 mg, and 4 mg/kg/day, respectively, were intraperitoneally administered 5 times per week for 36 days. Stereotyped behaviors were scored according to the method of Ellinwood & Balster. During the period of repeated MAP treatment, these behaviors increased in a dose dependent manner. Group I treated with 0.5 mg/kg of MAP demonstrated more prominently an increased sensitivity to MAP than the other two, Group II with 2 mg/kg and Group III with 4 mg/kg. Following the withdrawal period of 4 weeks, the rats were reinjected with 0.5 mg/kg of MAP. They showed higher scores of stereotypies than those treated acutely with MAP, that is, reverse tolerance for MAP was observed, although this phenomenon was not necessarily observed in a dose dependent manner for each variable of the behaviors. Lethal autonomic response was observed in Group I and II, in which animals appeared to have reverse tolerance for autonomic response to MAP reinjection in contrast to in Group III. It can be concluded that repeated administration of MAP induces stereotyped behaviors in a dose dependent manner, while autonomic response is not likely to form tolerance.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Local blood flow and capillary permeability in the experimental meningeal carcinomatosis].

Local blood flow and capillary permeability of the rats with meningeal carcinomatosis were studied with macroautoradiography, and relationship between blood flow, permeability and effects of chemotherapy is discussed. Experimental meningeal carcinomatosis was induced in the Wistar rats by inoculating Walker 256 tumor into cisterna magna. One to 12 days after inoculation, rats were used for measurements of blood flow (by 14C- iodoantipyrine) and capillary permeability (by 14C-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid). Images of autoradiography and corresponding histological appearances were analyzed. In the early stage of tumor growth (2 to 3 days after inoculation), a few layers of tumor cells were identified in the ambient cistern. Blood flow in the vicinity of the tumor cell layer was noted, but no increase in capillary permeability was found. In the middle stage of tumor growth (3 to 5 days after inoculation), 10 to 20 layers of the tumor cell was noted in the ambient cistern. Blood flow in the tumor was evident and capillary permeability began to increase. In the late stage of tumor growth (6 to 12 days after inoculation), a mass of the tumor cells was noted in the ambient cistern. In this stage, blood flow in the tumor was similar to that of cerebral gray matter and capillary permeability increased markedly. Brain adjacent to the tumor also showed increase in capillary permeability. The result correlated well to the previous result of experimental chemotherapy. Form those data, lipid soluble drugs which cross blood-brain barrier readily are recommended for the early stage of meningeal carcinomatosis, and water soluble drugs which has limitations to cross blood-brain barrier can not be recommended.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗