Biomedical subjects

N Ogino

Publications and source records attributed to N Ogino.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

[Anterior chamber inflammation after vitrectomy in posterior vitreous membrane syndrome and phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation].

We studied the anterior chamber inflammation with a laser flaremeter after transvitreal membrane peeling surgery for posterior vitreous membrane syndrome and cataract intraocular lens surgery, through separate surgery and combined surgery. In 16 eyes with vitrectomy and membrane peeling, mean flare count had one peak of 11 photons/msec at postoperative days 5 through 7. In 10 eyes with phacoemulsification and aspiration with posterior chamber lens implantation, the mean flare count had two peaks of 11 photons/msec at postoperative day 1 and in postoperative week 2. In 25 eyes with combined surgery of vitrectomy and cataract intraocular lens surgery, the mean flare count was similar to the summation of that of each simple surgery. In these 25 eyes, in 9 eyes with sutures, the mean flare count had two peaks of 37 photons/msec at postoperative day 1 and 27 photons/msec at postoperative week 2, and in 16 eyes with self sealing wounds, the mean flare count had one peak of 22 photons/msec at postoperative week two. In 14 vitrectomized eyes with cataract-intraocular lens surgery, the mean flare count was as high as in combined surgery. In eyes with self sealing wounds, the flare count at postoperative day one was significantly lower than that of sutured eyes.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Combined pars plana vitrectomy, lens removal and intraocular lens implantation for complications of diabetic retinopathy. Surgical results in 120 cases].

We performed combined vitrectomy, lens removal and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 120 eyes of 101 patients. Follow-up periods ranged from 3 to 63 months, with a mean of 17 months. Three lens removal methods were used: extracapsular cataract extraction (14 eyes), phacoemulsification and aspiration (49 eyes), and pars plana phacoemulsification (57 eyes). Preoperative rubeosis iridis or neovascular glaucoma was found in 21 eyes. Gas or temporary silicone oil tamponade was employed in 32 eyes. Surgical results were good, and the postoperative vision was finger counts or below only in 13 eyes. Thus the combined surgery proved to have no serious problems. Our results indicate two important points. (1) It is best to chose either of the following two methods for the lens surgery: phacoemulsification with continuous circular capsulorhexis, self sealing sclerocorneal incision, and in-the-bag fixation of the posterior chamber lens, or pars plana phacoemulsification leaving the anterior capsule, rub off and aspirating the lens epithelial cells, continuous circular capsulorhexis, and posterior chamber lens implantation in front of the anterior capsule from a self-sealing sclerocorneal wound. (2) It is mandatory to do complete vitrectomy and cut out the vitreous gels incarcerated in the sclerotomy site.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Objective evaluation of apparent accommodation of pseudophakic eyes].

In 23 (9 males and 14 females) pseudophakic eyes which had a biconvex type intraocular lens (IOL) implanted after cataract extraction, we objectively measured changes in the anterior chamber (AC) depth caused by axial movement of the IOL accompanying accommodation of the contralateral phakic fellow eye, using a Schimpflug slit image with an anterior eye segment image analysis system (Nidek, EAS-1000, Japan). In 114 phakic eyes of 57 persons as controls, AC depths accompanying accommodation from distances of 5 m to 30 cm and 10 cm decreased with increasing age. The decreased mean value of AC depth with accommodation from distances of 5 m to 30 cm was 0.17 mm in patients in their teens, 0.15 mm in patients in their 20 s, 0.10 mm in the 30 s, 0.06 mm in the 40 s, 0.05 mm in the 50 s, and 0.03 mm in the 60 s. The decrease of AC depth with accommodation at a distance of 10 cm was 0 in patients in their 60 s. In the pseudophakic eye changes in anterior chamber depth caused by focusing at short distances were less than 0.04 mm, and decreasing rate of anterior chamber depth (DRAC) was less than 1% in all the pseudophakic eyes. Movement of IOL on the optical axis was too subtle to account for apparent accommodation of the pseudophakic eye.

Accommodation, Ocular↗

PubMed1993

Epiretinal membrane of proliferative diabetic retinopathy: an immunohistochemical study.

Nineteen cases of epiretinal membrane (ERM) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy were studied using immunohistochemical methods. Antibodies against type I-IV collagen, fibronectin (FN), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin and the monoclonal antibody (MAB) against human Müller cells were used to examine the membranes. Type II collagen was found on one side of the ERMs in 95% of the cases. The other types of collagen, FN and vimentin were also identified in most cases. Müller cells (GFAP- and MAB-positive) were found in 2/19 cases (11%), and astrocytes (GFAP-positive but MAB-negative) were found in 10/19 cases (53%). These results suggest that type II collagen (vitreal collagen) may act as a scaffolding in the formation of ERMs and that glial elements of the ERMs consist mainly of astrocytes.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Prospective longitudinal studies on lens changes after vitrectomy--quantitative assessment by fluorophotometry and refractometry].

We prospectively evaluated lens changes after vitrectomy on 55 patients with vitreoretinal interface syndrome such as idiopathic epiretinal membrane, vitreomacular traction syndrome, and impending stages of idiopathic senile macular hole. Postoperative changes in crystalline lenses were assessed by fluorophotometric measurement of lens autofluorescence, measurement of refractive errors and biomicroscopic evaluation of progression of nuclear sclerosis. Examinations were repeated prior to surgery and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. While autofluorescene and light transmittance of the lens were not affected by vitrectomy in patients less than 50 years old, older patients showed a significant increase of autofluorescence and decreased transmittance as early as 3 months after surgery. The refraction became myopic with time especially in the older patient group. Nuclear cataract was also found on biomicroscopic examination in the older patients as early as 1 month after surgery and progressed with time. The older the patients were, the more prominent those lens changes were.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Intravitreal neovascular tissue of proliferative diabetic retinopathy: an immunohistochemical study.

Intravitreal neovascular tissue in 8 cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy was investigated using immunohistochemical techniques. All 8 cases yielded positive immunoreactivity for type II collagen (vitreous collagen). The intravitreal neovascular tissue was classified into two groups (A or B), depending upon the distribution of type II collagen. In group A (3 cases), blood vessels were entirely surrounded by vitreous collagen, and in group B (5 cases), the vessels proliferated on one side of a mass of vitreous collagen. Type I and III collagens were distributed diffusely within the extracellular space of the tissue, whereas type IV collagen and fibronectin (FN) formed a basement membrane-like foundation for the newly formed vessels. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunoreactive cells were not clearly detected in any of the cases. Neovascular tissue typically proliferated on the posterior vitreous surface (as found in group B), but was also found to penetrate the vitreous gel (as found in group A). As neovascular tissue proliferation proceeded, types I, III and IV collagens and FN were produced. Glial cells (GFAP-positive cells) were not essential for neovascular tissue formation.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Surgical techniques and visual prognosis in retinal detachment due to macular hole.

In 250 eyes with retinal detachment due to macular hole, the visual prognosis of each surgical technique was evaluated. (1) Macular diathermy adversely affected the visual prognosis. (2) Macular buckling+macular diathermy produced a poorer visual prognosis than macular buckling alone. (3) The visual prognosis resulting from gas tamponade alone or vitrectomy+gas tamponade was better than that resulting from macular diathermy. It is not clear whether there is a significant difference in visual prognosis between gas tamponade alone and vitrectomy+gas tamponade. (4) Macular laser photocoagulation does not adversely affect the visual prognosis. Judging from these results, gas tamponade, which has the possibility of better visual prognosis and less operation stress, should be selected as the initial technique.

Electrocoagulation↗

PubMed1992

[Postoperative anterior chamber inflammation after posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation concurrent with pars plana vitrectomy and lensectomy].

The authors compared postoperative anterior chamber inflammation of triple procedure; diabetic pars plana vitrectomy, lensectomy with anterior capsule left intact and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation anterior to anterior capsule, to those of various cataract surgeries with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and vitrectomies in diabetic retinopathy eyes. The inflammation was evaluated in terms of the incidence of inflammatory complications (fibrin reaction and posterior synechia of iris), and by periodical measurement of flare counts for postoperative 6 months using a laser flare-cell meter. The inflammation was more intense than those after the following 3 surgeries; phacoemulsification and in the bag intraocular lens implantation after continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, extracapsular extraction and in the bag intraocular lens implantation after can opener capsulotomy, and vitrectomy alone. The inflammation, however, was less intense compared with that of another method of triple procedure; pars plana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification and in the bag intraocular lens implantation after continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis or can opener capsulotomy, and development of posterior synechia was rarely observed.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

The process of subretinal strand formation.

Surgically resected subretinal proliferative tissue (SRP) in proliferative vitreoretinopathy was examined by morphological and immunohistochemical methods. Membranous and strand-like SRPs were observed. Membranous SRP (4 cases) consisted of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPEs) and a thin layer of extracellular materials. Strand-like SRP (14 cases) had a core, in which the proliferated cells were embedded among extracellular materials. RPEs and glial cells were found on the surface of the core. Immunohistochemical investigation revealed that the predominant cell components of the strand-like SRPs were RPEs and Müller cells, whereas membranous SRPs were composed mainly of RPEs. It was found that the majority of membranous and strand-like SRPs contained types I, III and IV collagens and fibronectin in the extracellular space. Based on the results of this study, a hypothetical process for the formation of SRP tissues was proposed.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Quantitative analysis of lens changes after vitrectomy by fluorophotometry.

We measured the amount of autofluorescence in the lens to evaluate quantitatively lens changes after vitrectomy. Thirteen phakic patients, ranging in age from 12 to 75 years, were studied after unilateral vitrectomy, with a follow-up period of more than two years (range, 26 to 55 months). Autofluorescence in the lens was measured at the center along the ocular axis by fluorophotometry. Lens autofluorescence in the eyes that underwent vitrectomy was significantly higher than in the contralateral eyes that were not operated on (P = .0003). The increase of autofluorescence was correlated significantly with the age at time of vitrectomy (P = .0008). There was no correlation between the increase in autofluorescence and the length of postoperative follow-up or the use of air during vitrectomy. Based on these results, we believe that oxidation of lens proteins intraoperatively may be one of the causes of development of nuclear cataract after vitrectomy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Treatment of pars planitis with cryotherapy.

Cryotherapy was performed on 28 eyes exhibiting massive exudates (snowbank) over the pars plana and the ora serrata. Twenty-six patients ranging in age from 8 to 52 years were treated and then followed up for a median of 34 months. Eleven eyes needed repeat cryotherapy. After cryotherapy, retinal vasculitis and vitreous opacities decreased in most eyes. Although only 3 of 5 eyes with a snowbank greater than 90 degrees and treated over 1 year from the onset achieved visual acuity of 20/25 or better, all 12 eyes with a snowbank smaller than 60 degrees and treated within 3 months after the onset maintained a visual acuity of 20/25 or better. The prognosis was not different from the 20 eyes that received systemic steroid treatment and the 8 eyes that received no systemic steroids. We recommend cryotherapy as the primary treatment for pars planitis with a snowbank.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Pars plana lensectomy preserving a clear anterior capsule in vitreous surgery].

The anterior capsule was preserved intact in pars plana lensectomy in 14 cases of pars plana vitrectomy carried out for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 9 cases, sarcoid uveitis in one case, proliferative vitreo-retinopathy in 3 cases and retinal detachment with a giant break in one case. Follow-up periods ranged from 6 to 17 months, with a mean of 11 months. Simultaneous posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation anterior to the anterior capsule was performed in 7 cases, and in one case secondary implantation was performed 4 months later. In 11 cases anterior capsules remained clear and in 9 of them lens epithelial cells had been thoroughly removed up to the equator using a Terry squeegee. Posterior synechia occurred in 4 cases in which air or gas tamponade had been done. This method allows complete anterior vitrectomy and is adaptable not only to simultaneous but also secondary posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Posterior chamber lens implantation concurrent with vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy].

Combined operation of cataract removal with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and pars plana vitrectomy were performed on 25 eyes in 22 patients with cataract concurrent with diabetic retinopathy. In 21 eyes, extracapsular cataract extraction followed by intraocular lens insertion, aiming at in-the-bag fixation, was performed, and in 4 eyes pars plana lensectomy with anterior capsule left and intraocular lens insertion between the iris and anterior capsule was carried out. Mean postoperative follow-up period was 14 months, ranging from 3 to 32 months. Visual acuity on the last examination was 0.5 or better in 2 eyes (8%), 0.1 or better in 12 eyes (48%), and worse than 0.05 in 9 eyes (36%). Major postoperative complications were fibrin reaction (20 eyes, 80%), pupillary deformation (19 eyes, 76%), pupil capture by intraocular lens (3 eyes, 12%), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (1 eye, 4%), neovascular glaucoma (2 eyes, 8%), and recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (13 eyes, 52%). Intraocular pressure was well controlled in neovascular glaucoma cases. At the last examination ocular fundus was invisible due to vitreous hemorrhage in two eyes.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

Surgical techniques and reattachment rates in retinal detachment due to macular hole.

We evaluated reattachment rates of the transvitreal and transscleral techniques for treating 250 eyes with retinal detachment due to macular hole. The initial success rate of the transvitreal approach was 56% (53/94). There was no difference between the results of gas tamponade alone and vitrectomy and gas tamponade. The initial success rate of the transscleral approach was 83% (130/156). Macular diathermy and macular buckling showed a higher reattachment rate than macular diathermy alone. The final success rates were the same (95%), regardless of which approach was selected as an initial technique. The patients whose initial transvitreal reattachment failed and who underwent additional transvitreal procedures (including macular laser photocoagulation) showed a success rate of 93%. We believe that gas tamponade, which has possibility of better visual prognosis, should be selected as an initial technique because the final success rate was found to be the same regardless of the initial surgical techniques.

Diathermy↗

PubMed1990

Müller cells in detached human retina express glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin.

We investigated the expression of vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) within Müller cells in normal human retinas and in detached human retinas of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) cases using the immunogold method. Müller cells in normal retinas showed vimentin immunoreactivity and faint GFAP immunoreactivity; however, in detached retinas they showed distinct GFAP immunoreactivity as well as vimentin immunoreactivity. Immunoelectron microscopic observation revealed that intermediate filaments (IF) within Müller cells in normal retinas showed vimentin immunoreactivity and that those within Müller cells in detached retinas showed both vimentin and GFAP immunoreactivity. Double staining for vimentin and GFAP showed that in detached retinas, these two protein immunoreactivities were observed in the same filaments. These results indicate that IF of human Müller cells consist of vimentin under normal conditions and that Müller cells in detached retinas contain different IF, which consist of vimentin and GFAP.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[A case report of synchronous double cancer of the lung and esophagus].

A 69-year-old man was admitted to our department with complaint of difficult swallowing. Upper gastrointestinal examination showed esophageal cancer and squamous cell carcinoma of the middle thoracic esophagus was revealed histologically. Chest X-ray showed the atelectasis of the B-3 region of right upper lobe of the lung. Further examinations revealed histologically squamous cell carcinoma growing from B-3 bronchus. Finally, he was diagnosed as synchronous double carcinoma of the lung and the esophagus. Simultaneous operation was performed on May 20, 1988. First, right upper lobectomy of the lung and wedged resection of right main bronchus were performed. Esophagectomy and antesternal esophageal reconstruction using the gastric tube was added. The postoperative course was satisfactory without any severe complications. The synchronous double cancer of the lung and the esophagus is rare. Our case indicates that simultaneous resection of both cancer and esophageal reconstruction can be safely performed.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Cancer cell emboli in the pectoral lymphatics of patients with breast cancer.

In order to investigate the possibility of local recurrence in the pectoral muscles of patients who undergo modified radical mastectomies, the cancer cell involvement of the lymphatics associated with the pectoralis major muscle was studied in 39 patients who underwent a standard radical mastectomy for Stage I-III breast cancer. Cancer cell emboli were found in the transpectoral lymphatics of 2 patients (2/39 = 5.1 per cent) and in the pectoral fascial lymphatics of 6 patients (6/39 = 15.4 per cent). Two patients with fascial lymphatic cancer cell emboli were from a group of 14 patients with intramammary lymphatic tumor emboli of a low degree (ly 1). The other 6 patients with cancer cell emboli in either the pectoral fascia or the transpectoral lymphatics were from a group of 11 patients with intramammary lymphatic tumor emboli of a moderate degree (ly 2). There was a significant relationship between the intramammary and the pectoral lymphatic cancer cell emboli (Chi square test: (p less than 0.05). The results of this study therefore indicate that lymphatic cancer cell emboli in the pectoral fascia and muscle are an important risk factor for patients who undergo a modified radical mastectomy.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Measurement of vitreous oxygen tension in human eyes.

The vitreous oxygen tension in the human vitreous body was measured using a polarographic oxygen electrode during vitreous surgery. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time these measurements have been taken in the human eye. The vitreous oxygen tensions in the anterior peripheral vitreous body, central vitreous body, and posterior vitreous body were 16.7 +/- 3.7 mmHg (mean +/- SD, n = 9), 15.9 +/- 2.8 mmHg and 19.9 +/- 4.8 mmHg, respectively. The preretinal oxygen tensions over the detached retina and detached macula were 30.0 +/- 4.8 mmHg (n = 5) and 15.3 +/- 2.1 mmHg (n = 3), respectively, with the latter significantly lower than the former (P less than 0.01). In one case, after inhalation of 100% oxygen the oxygen tension over the retinal scar resulting from cryoretinopexy in a previous retinal detachment surgery increased remarkably to 160 mmHg.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗