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Biomedical subjects

N N Besednova

Publications and source records attributed to N N Besednova.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Immunoactive peptide obtained from the optical ganglia of squid].

The data on the effect of a peptide from the squid optic ganglia named gangliin on some parameters of animal natural resistance are presented. It was shown that the prophylactic use of the peptide in mice 24 hours before their contamination with the lethal dose of E. coli protected 40 to 60 per cent of the animals from death. Gangliin accelerated elimination of E. coli from the host and increased the absorptive and digestive activity of the macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. With the use of gangliin it was possible to correct the phagocytosis defects in infectious processes having the phagocytic protection mechanism. Moreover, gangliin was supposed to be efficient in control of long-term persistence of various microbes in the cells of the system of mononuclear phagocytes.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

[Combined use of mytilan and gentamycin in experimental infections ].

It was shown that mytilan, a polysaccharide isolated from the mantle of Crenomytilus grayanus stimulated the host nonspecific resistance to infections. This was evident from the survival rate of the animals infected with lethal doses of E. coli and S. aureus. In addition, the combined use of gentamicin and mytilan in treatment of the infections caused by the above organisms enabled to increase the antibiotic therapy efficacy with using lower doses of both the antibiotic and the polysaccharide.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of polysaccharides isolated from marine invertebrates on various functions of T- and B lymphocytes].

The effect of bioglycans from sea invertebrate on the level of the rosette forming cells (RFC) in the spleen, development of the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and the levels of hemagglutinins and hemolysins in the blood serum was studied in experimental animals. It was shown that the polysaccharides administered parenterally in a single dose had an effect on the humoral and cellular immunity. Under the effect of these preparations the level of the RFC in the spleen of the mice increased, with the increase of the RFC belonging to the lymphocyte T2- and B-subpopulations being more intensive. The use of the polysaccharides increased the mean geometric titers of serum antibodies. The polysaccharides administered at different periods with respect to the immunization and antigen challenge either decreased or increased the DTH induced by SRBC.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of lipopolysaccharide of the pseudotuberculosis bacterium on the functional activity of macrophages].

Study of the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Y. pseudotuberculosis on the culture of peritoneal macrophages of guinea pigs has established that in concentrations of 1-10 micrograms/ml LPS stimulated the absorption and digestive activity of the macrophages. In concentrations of 50-100 micrograms/ml it had a cytotoxic effect on the cell elements and inhibited their phagocytic function. The study of the LPS effect on absorption and liberation of 14C-labeled bacteria of Y. pseudotuberculosis showed that the biopolymer increased 2-3 times the uptake of the labeled antigen from the macrophages and lowered its elimination. In the experiments on mice infected with a labeled culture of S. aureus no increase in the uptake under the effect of the pseudotuberculosis LPS was observed, whereas an increase in the rate of the label elimination was stated. The difference was statistically significant. The results of the experiments are indicative of the specific effect of LPS. The study demonstrated a significant role of LPS of Y. pseudotuberculosis in the pathogenesis and protection of the host from this infection.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of mytilan--a polysaccharide from Crenomytilus grayanus--on local suppurative processes].

The study on the effect of mytilan on the local suppurative processes caused by administration of a virulent staphylococcal culture to the mouse pad showed that this polysaccharide isolated from Crenomytilus grayanus had a pronounced antiexudative and antinecrotic effect. The positive results of the experiments may be explained by stimulation of the phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages by mytilan which results in acceleration of the reparative processes in local staphylococcal infection. Hence, nonspecific stimulation of the defense mechanisms in local suppurative infection by mytilan and its antiexudative and antinecrotic effect are promising for investigation of the possibility of the mytilan clinical use.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Action of bioglycans from marine invertebrates on macrophage functioning].

The data on the absorption and bactericidal function of macrophages are presented. It was shown in vivo that bioglycans 42 and 106 had a stimulating action on phagocytosis of Y. pseudotuberculosis and S. typhimurium capable of persisting in macrophages for prolonged periods. Addition of the bioglycans to the cultures of the macrophages from intact animals increased the absorption activity of the macrophages and somewhat potentiated their bactericidal activity. Under the action of the bioglycans the level and rate of the carbon clearance in the blood flow increased. The results of the study are promising for adequate control of infections caused by intracellularly located pathogens.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

Some aspects of the immunology of pseudotuberculosis.

Integral evaluation of some humoral and cellular immunity factors in patients with pseudotuberculosis (Far-East scarlatinoid fever) with varying severity of its course was carried out. Inadequate immune reaction of human organism in response to infection with pseudotuberculosis was established at the level of both specific (sporadic cases of lacking synthesis or poor synthesis of IgM antibodies, lacking synthesis of IgG antibodies) and non-specific factors (incomplete phagocytic reaction). Phagocytosis is higher in monocytes than in neutrophils during pseudotuberculosis. The opsonizing properties of blood serum, the intensity of which increases in the course of disease, are great importance in freeing the organism from bacteria of pseudotuberculosis. The most rapid and technically simplest is the determination of antibodies in blood serum of the patients by means of the reaction of indirect hemagglutination. For this purpose the authors developed a new, highly sensitive, and specific preparation - the dry erythrocyte antigenic diagnostic agent.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1982

[Phenotypic variability of the causative agent of pseudotuberculosis and its reflection in the immune response].

The avirulent rough form of Y. pseudotuberculosis has been shown to be a weak antigen, not stimulating antibody formation, quickly destroyed in phagocytes and possessing no immunogenic properties. The virulent bacteria in the smooth form multiply in macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, sharply suppress phagocytosis, stimulate the synthesis of IgM and IgG and possess low immunogenicity. The pseudorough form of Y. pseudotuberculosis quickly spreads in the organs and tissues, is destroyed by phagocytes, stimulates only the synthesis of IgM and produces a good protective effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Protective antigen of the pseudotuberculosis microbe].

Proteinolipopolysaccharide (PLPS) isolated from the causative agent of pseudotuberculosis has the properties of a protective antigen. It protects 86-90% of mice and guinea-pigs from lethal Y. pseudotuberculosis infection (20 lethal doses) and stimulates humoral and cellular immunity factors, as well as the phagocytic activity of monocytes. It is of particular importance due to the fact that in Y. pseudotuberculosis infection the system of mononuclear phagocytes plays a significant role in eliminating the causative agent from the body. The further study of PLPS with the aim of developing prophylactic preparations shows good promise.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Immunostimulating activity of the lipopolysaccharides of blue-green algae].

The whole cells of blue-gree algae and lipopolysaccharides isolated from these cells were shown to stimulate the production of macro-(mainly) and microglobulin antibodies in rabbits. The macro- and microphage indices in rabbits increased significantly after the injection of LPS isolated from blue-green algae 24--48 hours before infecting the animals with a virulent Y. pseudotuberculosis strain. Besides, the inhibiting action of this strain on the migration of phagocytes to the site of infection was abolished immediately after the injection. The use of the indirect hemagglutination test allowed to prove the absence of close antigenic interrelations between blue-green algae and the following organisms: Spirulina platensis, Microcystis aeruginosa, Phormidium africanum and P. uncinatum.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗