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Biomedical subjects

N Gritzmann

Publications and source records attributed to N Gritzmann.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Occult and clinically suspected testicular tumor. Assessment using real-time sonography].

The diagnostic value of real-time-sonography was evaluated in 62 patients with suspected and occult testicular tumors. In 28 patients intratesticular tumors were identified on real-time-sonograms. In addition 7 clinically occult tumors were diagnosed by real-time-sonography. It was not possible to differentiate between orchitis and tumors on sonograms (3 cases). There was correlation only between the morphologic appearance of tumors on sonograms and the corresponding histology. Using high frequency transducers sonography proved to be an useful diagnostic modality to identify or to rule out occult intratesticular tumors.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

[Sonography in cervical lymph node metastases].

The value of high resolution real time sonography for the detection of cervical lymph-node metastases in head and neck cancers was assessed in 118 histological proven cases. The accuracy of sonography (89%) proved to be superior to palpation (80%). In 9 patients a thrombosis of the internal jugular vein was detected. The ability of sonography to detect tumorous infiltration of the arterial vessel wall is discussed in 12 patients. Regarding possible artefacts, sonography is the only imaging modality which can solve this problem. Sonography should be performed preoperatively in all patients with malignant head and neck tumors for cervical lymph-node staging.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1987

[Sonography of the scrotal contents].

In 394 patients with various urological symptoms, the content of the scrotum was examined sonographically. 71 testicular lesions were found, 194 extratesticular pathologies were diagnosed. In 69% the enlargement of the testicle was due to a tumor, in 4 patients due to acute orchitis and in 3 patients due to acute torsion. An unilateral smaller sized testicle was found in chronic inflammation [5], cryptorchism [9], hypoplastic testicle [2] and after corticoid medication [1] and radiation therapy [1]. In normal sized testicles 8 tumors, 19 fibromas of the tunica albuginea, 2 scars after trauma and 1 haematoma were found sonographically. In 91% of patients with epididymitis the epididymis was enlarged. The echo structure was altered in 74%, in 13% abscesses were found. Sonography was useful in evaluation of scrotal herniation, especially when combined with hydroceles. Varicoceles were better detected and graduated by sonography than by clinical examination.

Genital Diseases, Male↗
PubMed1987

[Analysis of errors in imaging diagnosis of varicocele. Duplex sonography, plate thermography and phlebography].

Comparative investigations were done by duplex sonography, thermography and phlebography in 142 patients with 158 varicoceles. Verification of clinical varicoceles (130/158) was performed by duplex sonography in all cases and by thermography in 93%. Measurement errors were due to dorsally located varicoceles near the radix of the penis (3/130) and by small, two-sided varicoceles (6/130). Small subclinical varicoceles (28/158) were detected by real-time sonography in 89%, by Doppler sonography in 64%, and by thermography in 53%. In three patients with normal real-time sonography, subclinical varicoceles were found by Doppler sonography alone. The combination of both sonographic methods is highly sensitive for the detection of subclinical varicoceles and should be done in all cases without therapeutic results.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Histiocytosis X: scintigraphic and roentgenologic findings].

The aim of this study was to compare the roentgenological and scintigraphic osseous changes in 25 resp. 18 patients with histiocytosis X and to analyse them. In particular, it was also interesting to discuss the divergent reports in the literature in respect of scintigraphic storage behaviour. In all the patients examined before initiation of therapy (39 osseous foci) high activities were found scintigraphically. The extension of the scintigraphically active zone was much greater than the corresponding translucencies on the x-ray film. On the other hand, patients after therapy still showed foci on the x-ray film whereas the scan had already become inactive. This striking discrepancy between scan findings before and after therapy could be one of the reasons for divergent literature reports on this problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[High-resolution realtime sonography of varicoceles].

An attempt has been made to classify varicoceles by means of real time sonography in accordance with the findings on palpation. The maximal diameter of the pampiniform plexus and of individual veins was determined sonographically and compared with the results of palpation in 74 patients with varicoceles. The sonographic findings are more accurate than is palpation. Fifteen subclinical varicoceles were discovered by sonography which could not be detected by palpation. It has been found convenient to classify the lesions in four sonographic stages. Maximal transverse diameter of the pampiniform plexus up to one centimetre is regarded as normal. A diameter of one to two centimetres corresponds to grade I, two to three centimetres corresponds to grade II and greater than three centimetres to grade III.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Real-time sonography in extranodal lymphoma].

Sonography is the primary imaging method for staging malignant lymphomas. The accuracy of sonography in diagnosing hepatic and splenic involvement was examined in 132 histologically proven cases. Focal involvement was differentiated from diffuse lymphoma. The value of sonography is discussed with reference to cases showing involvement of the gastro-intestinal tract, kidneys, suprarenals, pancreas, testes, breast, thyroid, parotid and muscle.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Pulsed duplex sonographic follow-up of varicoceles following sclerotherapy].

Forty-one patients were examined by pulsed duplex sonography immediately before and then one, four and twelve weeks following sclerotherapy of a varicocele. The severity of the varicocele was determined by sonography before treatment and confirmed by phlebography. Sonographic follow-up showed reduction, or disappearance, of the varicocele in 78% of cases. Doppler examination confirmed successful treatment in 85% of patients. Pulsed duplex sonography, combining a non-invasive imaging method and a functional technique, is well suited for the follow-up of varicoceles after treatment.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1986

[High-resolution sonography after surgery of cystadenoma lymphomatosum of the parotid gland].

Clinical and sonographic examinations were carried out on 38 patients who had undergone excision of a parotid gland for adenolymphomas and the results were compared. In 23 of these patients (60%) sonography showed further tumours on the same or opposite side, or bilaterally. The incidence of multiple tumours is therefore significantly higher than has been assumed so far. In 76% of patients, sonography showed clinically occult cystadenoma lymphomatosum. Only 14% of tumours smaller than 12 mm were detected clinically. In four patients, tumours larger than 12 mm, but lying deep in the gland were missed on palpation. In view of the frequency of multi-local or bilateral tumours, sonography of both parotids should be performed if there is clinical suspicion of a parotid tumour.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1986

[Sonographic localization of a bullet in the pericardium].

We report a case of pericardial localisation of a bullet by sonography. The metallic foreign body could be demonstrated by its typical sonographic appearance of a strongly echogenic lesion with acoustic reverberation artefacts. Sonography proved superior to the other diagnostic modalities including computed tomography.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Pulsed duplex sonography in the detection of lower pole arteries in hydronephrosis].

Pulsed duplex sonography was used for the diagnosis of lower pole arteries, which cross the uretero-pelvic junction and are possibly the reason of hydronephrosis. We could identify the crossing vessel in 8 patients by pulsed duplex sonography. The diagnosis is easy, though optimum patient preparation is required, and Duplexsonography may help to reduce the frequency of angiography in this special clinical situation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Sonographic detection of salivary calculi of the sublingual gland].

Ultrasound (US) proved highly effective for detection and localisation of stones in salivary glands. Because of the high accuracy and the possibility to detect non-opaque stones sonography should be performed as a supplementary measure if on plain film the localisation of the calculi is questionable. In this study we report on two patients with stones in the glandula sublingualis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Dissecting aneurysm of the thoracic aorta--the value of computed tomography].

For the detection and classification of dissection of the thoracic aorta, in cases where a corresponding tentative diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical and plain thorax radiographs with intravenous contrast medium, computed tomography is the method of choice. In cases in which, primarily, a Type A dissection is suspected, catheter angiography is to be preferred to CT, in spite of being the more invasive method, because it is the only method capable of supplying the information necessary for surgery. In all other cases of dissection of the thoracic aorta computed tomography has the highest clinical-diagnostic value. It furnishes an initial finding on the basis of which the course may be monitored without difficulty where there is a corresponding clinical indication. It is as yet impossible to judge how far routine magnetic resonance imaging will supplant or complement CT in making the initial clinical diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Abdominal computerized tomography in the after-care of ovarian cancers].

The diagnostic capacity of abdominal CT as a follow-up in ovarian cancer is demonstrated on 67 patients verified by a second-look operation. In the diagnosis of recurrence CT has a sensitivity of 83%, a specificity of 94% and an overall accuracy of 88%. With local recurrence or residual tumours CT has an accuracy of 91%, with liver metastases of 94%. The accuracy in finding peritoneal carcinosis is 84%. Ascites proved to be a sure sign of peritoneal carcinosis. Because of its high sensitivity second-look operation can be avoided in case of a positive report. In a negative report a second-look operation will be necessary to verify the success of therapy. In the follow-up of ovarian cancer CT should be performed every 6 month during the first 2 years and yearly for another 3 years.

Female↗