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N Gritzmann

Publications and source records attributed to N Gritzmann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Value of sonomorphologic criteria in the identification of regional metastases of squamous cell cancers of the ENT area].

We compared the preoperative ultrasound findings with the histological results of 127 neck dissections for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. We checked several sonomorphological criteria (size, shape, boundary, echo structure, arrangement, mobility) to assess their value in identification of metastatic disease. If all nodes found on ultrasound were classed as metastases, the specificity was 30%, because many lymph nodes showed nonspecific reaction only. Lymph nodes with a rupture of the capsule or central necrosis or being larger than 3 cm, proved to be metastatic in all cases. Round or oval nodes with a size of more than 2 cm were found to be metastatic with an accuracy of 89%. The almost certain (97%) identification of necks with no metastatic lymph nodes allows elective neck dissection to be avoided.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Intratemporal course of the facial nerve in magnetic resonance imaging].

MR images of the intratemporal portion of the facial nerve were obtained with a 1.5 Tesla permanent magnet whole-body imaging system. The facial nerve was followed from the internal auditory through the temporal bone to the styloid foramen. MR promises to be a sensitive method for the evaluation of intratemporal facial nerve diseases.

Facial Nerve↗
PubMed1988

[Magnetic resonance tomography as a localization method in hyperparathyroidism].

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRT) was performed in 36 consecutive patients with hyperparathyroidism. MR tomograms of 31 patients were evaluated and compared with the results of operation and histology (n = 29). In the remaining 5 patients MR examination was not completed, due to claustrophobia or motion artefacts. MR examinations were performed in 2 superconductive magnets (0.5 and 1.5 Tesla). A surface coil with following spinecho sequences was used: SE: TR/TE: 550-700/15-30; 2000/22-100. All patients were subjected to additional sonography. Out of 28 parathyroid adenomas 25 were identified on MR tomograms (sensitivity: 73%, specificity: 90%). However, only 2 out of 6 hyperplastic parathyroid glands were localized on MR tomograms. Lesions missed on MR tomograms measured 15 mm and less in diameter. It is characteristic that parathyroid adenomas showed isointense MR signal to the thyroid (SE 550/30 and hyperintense MR signal to fat (SE 2000/100). Different signal intensities of the adenomas were observed in 25% of the cases. MR imaging is a valuable diagnostic method for preoperative localisation of parathyroid adenomas. We think that MR imaging should be performed when sonography and subtraction scintigraphy are not able to identify a suspected adenoma in the same location.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

[Sonography in cystoid cervical space occupying lesions].

A retrospective analysis of fluid-filled cervical space-occupying lesions is performed. The high echogenicity of some cervical cysts is due to the difference of the acoustic impedance of water and agglomerated cholesterol crystals. A sonomorphological differential diagnosis of cystoid cervical tumors and fluid accumulations is performed. Uncommon criteria of cysts and new techniques for the differentiation of cystoid cervical lesions are discussed. The clinical role of sonography in the diagnosis of cervical cysts and cystoid lesions is evaluated on the basis of 180 histologically proved cases.

Cysts↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnostic imaging of hemangiopericytomas].

Eight patients with histologically verified hemangiopericytomas were examined by conventional radiographic techniques (plain films, angiography including cavography) as well as by duplex sonography, CT and MRI. These imaging techniques detected solid tumors with cystic compartments. A typical computed tomographic finding was intensive contrast enhancement within the tumor. Duplex sonography revealed blood flow in the periphery of the tumor. In contrast to reports by other authors no tumor calcification was found by plain film radiography.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Sonographic assessment of tumorous infiltrations of the extracranial carotid artery].

The role of sonography in evaluation of tumorous infiltrations of the wall of the cervical arteries is discussed upon 75 patients with histologically proved lymphnode metastasis. Direct signs for the infiltration--loss of the echogenic wall of the arteries and indirect signs--length and circumference of the tumor/vessel contact area are evaluated. In 9 patients the infiltrations were correctly diagnosed, 4 patients were false positive. The technic of the sonographic investigation and potential pitfalls are demonstrated. The role of other investigation modalities are discussed.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[CT before and after liver transplantation].

In our retrospective study, we evaluated the role of CT in cases of liver transplantation. 118 examinations (37 pre- and 81 post-operative) were carried out in 46 transplant recipients. Pre-operatively CT was used to exclude retroperitoneal secondary lesions, although ultrasound was superior in the region of the porta hepatis. Patency of the portal vein can be established by means of duplex sonography and CT. Portography is indicated only in exceptional circumstances. Post-operative complications (abscesses, hematomas, infarcts) can be demonstrated by CT. CT-guided fine needle biopsies and percutaneous drainage can be carried out post-operatively, even under difficult conditions. Liver cell necrosis, if extensive, represents a serious risk to transplant survival. CT may clarify this, while other problems and differential diagnosis may be solved by angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[CT staging of laryngeal carcinoma].

In the pre-operative staging of laryngeal carcinoma CT is of great clinical importance. We examined 20 cases of laryngeal cancer. In 20% of the cases, the CT evaluation indicated more advanced stages, thereby correcting the results of clinical staging. In 65% of the cases, clinical staging showed the same results as CT. 3 glottis tumours (15% of the patients) could not be identified by CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Sonography and computed tomography in deep cervical lipomas and lipomatosis of the neck.

Nineteen deep cervical lipomas and five patients with cervical lipomatosis were examined with computed tomography (CT) and Sonography. By means of CT, which is the imaging method of choice for both diseases, it is possible to differentiate between circumscribed lipomas and infiltrating intramuscular lipomas. In addition, an exact localization in parenchymatous organs is possible. Cervical lipomatosis is also clearly delineated. Sonography is the first imaging method in cervical swelling or lesions; therefore, knowledge of the sonomorphology of fatty tumors is mandatory. Cervical lipomas have a fairly typical sonomorphology, but it is not as pathognomonic as the density values are by means of CT. In cervical lipomatosis, an adequate pretherapeutic assessment of the depth of infiltration is not possible sonographically. Only the cervical vessels can be clearly differentiated in this condition.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[High-resolution sonography in cryptorchism].

The importance of high-resolution sonography in the localization of undescended testes was displayed by an evaluation of 18 patients. In 15 patients the testis was not palpable on one side. In 3 cases, there was retention of the testis on both sides. Out of 17 testes in the inguinal region or in the external iliac region, 16 were located sonographically. There were 4 intraabdominal testes, and 2 were located sonographically. The retained and impalpable testes were in superficial positions in most cases. Hence, sonography proved to be the primary imaging method for localization. The importance of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and phlebography of the internal spermatic vein are also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Duplex sonography of tumors of the carotid body.

Five histologically confirmed tumors of the carotid body and seven lymph node metastases in the area of the carotid bifurcation were investigated with real-time sonography. In addition, 10 patients underwent measurements of intratumorous flow by way of a pulsed Doppler system. The typically hypervascular tumors of the carotid body revealed flow signals with standardized adjustment of Doppler sonography. The hypovascularized lymph node metastases did not demonstrate flow on Doppler sonography. In all patients, either preoperative angiography or enhanced computerized tomography was done and these studies confirmed the degree of vascularization of the mass as determined by Doppler sonography. Duplex sonography permitted noninvasive demonstration of hypervascular tumors in the area of the carotid bifurcation, a finding highly suggestive of nonchromaphil paraganglioma of the carotid body.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Sonographic anatomy of the neck and its importance in lymph node staging of head and neck cancer].

Our experience with sonography of the neck (about 1,500 examinations) indicates that most of the structures that are of therapeutic importance can be demonstrated by ultrasound. The cervical nerves, however, cannot be differentiated sonographically from perivascular fat because there is insufficient impedance difference presented by the myelin sheaths. The typical sonographic anatomy of the anterior and lateral cervical muscles, of the major vessels, the thyroid and parathyroid and salivary glands has been analysed. The structures that can be shown by sonography have been related to dissections of the neck.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Value and indications for high-resolution real-time sonography in nontumor salivary gland diseases].

308 patients with salivary gland diseases were investigated using real-time sonography. In 142 patients we suspected neoplasms of the salivary glands on the sonograms. In the remaining 166 patients we investigated the following entities: sialolithiasis (74 patients), acute sialadenitis (54 patients), abscess formation (16 patients), chronic sialadenitis or autoimmune disease (53 patients) and cysts of salivary gland (5 patients). The changes in the sonographic morphology of the different diseases will be described. The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of the different diseases will be discussed and the indications for sonographic investigations are summarised.

Abscess↗