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Biomedical subjects

M Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to M Yoshida.

At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

RES-1214-1 and -2, novel non-peptidic endothelin type A receptor antagonists produced by Pestalotiopsis sp.

RES-1214-1 and -2, novel and non-peptidic endothelin antagonists, were isolated from the cultured broth of a fungus, Pestalotiopsis sp. RE-1214. RES-1214-1 and -2 selectivity inhibited the ET-1 binding to endothelin type A receptor (ETA receptor) with IC50 values of 1.5 microM and 10 microM, respectively. RES-1214-1 and -2 inhibited the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration elicited by 1 nM ET-1 in A10 cells. Taxonomy of producing strains, fermentation, isolation, structural determination, and biochemical properties of RES-1214-1 and-2 are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Complete remission achieved by low-dose Ara-C, aclarubicin and rhG-CSF (CAG) therapy in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia with monosomy 7 occurring after severe aplastic anemia].

We report a case of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), which developed from severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and was successfully treated by low-dose Ara-C and aclarubicin with concomitant use of G-CSF (CAG therapy). A 37-year-old male was admitted for scrutiny of pancytopenia and diagnosed as SAA because of hypocellular bone marrow without abnormal or dysplastic cells. Although hematopoiesis recovered with steroid pulse therapy followed by administration of anabolic steroids, 29 months after initial onset of SAA, he presented as AML (FAB-M6), as his bone marrow Contained 21.6% leukemic myeloblasts and 56% of erythroblasts. Chromosome study revealed 45, XY, -7 in 14 of 20 cells analyzed. Complete remission was achieved by administration of low-dose Ara-C (20 mg/m2 for 7 days) and aclarubicin (14 mg/m2 for 4 days) along with G-CSF (200 micrograms/m2 for 7 days), without any severe complications. In the previous reports in Japan since 1982, 7 out of 8 cases with AML developing from SAA died within a year. Our results indicate that CAG therapy is useful for treatment for this subset of AML with poor prognosis.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1995

[Aplastic anemia with giant splenomegaly and myelofibrosis successfully treated with antilymphocyte globulin].

Severe aplastic anemia was diagnosed in a 58-year-old female because of pancytopenia with leukocyte count 700/microliters, hemoglobin 3.4 g/dl, platelet count 4.2 x 10(4)/microliters and fatty hypoplastic bone marrow in August 1992. In January 1993, she was admitted with an abdominal skin infection caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa. After treatment of the infection, antilymphocyte globulin was given at a dose of 2,000 mg/day for four consecutive days in July 1993. This resulted in a gradual but steady improvement in her hematological data. In February 1995, her leukocyte count increased to 2,000/microliters, hemoglobin to 15.2 g/dl and platelet count to 11.0 x 10(4)/microliters. Although no splenomegaly or myelofibrosis was found previously, from April 1993, the spleen enlarged and was palpable 10 cm below the costal margin. Her bone marrow biopsy in June 1993 revealed prominent myelofibrosis. Thereafter no changes were found in these features. Splenomegaly and myelofibrosis are characteristic of primary myelofibrosis and although the relationship is uncertain, there is no previous report on aplastic anemia with splenomegaly and myelofibrosis.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1995

[Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis--Wegener's granulomatosis, sarcoidosis].

Typical renal histological findings of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) indicate a pauciimmune focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis with periglomerular granuloma and marked inflammatory cell infiltration in the interstitium. The recognition of the association between C (proteinase-3) anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C [PR-3] ANCA) and WG is the only tool available to aid in the assessment of disease activity. Stage adapted immunosuppressive therapy (glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide) has significantly altered the outcome of this once fatal disease. There are four categories of renal disease in Sarcoidosis (SD). 1) renal changes by abnormal calcium metabolism, 2) interstitial nephritis or granulomatous nephritis, 3) glomerulonephritis and 4) renal vasculitis. Corticosteroid therapy yield a favorable outcome for interstitial granulomatous nephritis of SD.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗
PubMed1995

[The effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on kidney and adjacent tissue detected by magnetic resonance imaging].

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) using YACHIYODA SZI was performed on 12 patients with renal stones and the effect on the kidney and adjacent tissue was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after treatment. Some changes were seen in 6 of the 12(50%) patients; perirenal fluid collection in 2 of the 12 (16.7%) patients, subcapsular hematoma in 2 of the 12 (16.7%) patients, renal enlargement in 5 of the 12 (31.3%) patients, increased signal intensity in perirenal tissue in 6 of the 12 (50%) patients, and loss of the corticomedullary junction 2 out of 9 patients (22%). These findings indicated fewer changes in the kidney after ESWL using YACHIYODA SZI than in the other reports. MRI is also concluded to be effective to detect the changes of the kidney after ESWL.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Relationship between alpha-tocopherol and polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase in septic adult respiratory distress syndrome.

To elucidate the interrelationship between active oxygen and polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMN elastase) in patients with septic adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), we examined the relationship between alpha-tocopherol, which has an antioxidant action, and PMN elastase. Serial blood samples were collected from 16 patients with septic ARDS. Serum levels of alpha-tocopherol were determined by HPLC. PMN elastase was determined by ELISA. The serum alpha-tocopherol level in a nonsurviving group was significantly lower than that in a surviving group at the time that septic ARDS was diagnosed (p = 0.0068). The level of PMN elastase in the nonsurviving group was significantly higher than that in the surviving group (p = 0.0058). A significant negative correlation existed between the serum levels of alpha-tocopherol and those of PMN-elastase (r = -0.659, p = 0.0043). Both the serum alpha-tocopherol level and the PMN elastase level appeared to be good indices of the severity of ARDS. The results suggested that an interaction between active oxygen and PMN elastase may increase the clinical severity of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Plasma interleukin 8 and polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase concentrations in patients with septic shock.

We determined the plasma concentrations of interleukin 8 (IL-8), polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMNE), and endotoxin in patients with septic shock in order to investigate the role of IL-8 and PMNE in the development of septic shock, especially in septic adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The IL-8 concentration in patients with septic shock was 6.28 +/- 9.00 ng/mL (mean +/- SD, n = 29), which was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than the concentration in septic patients without shock (0.35 +/- 0.35 ng/mL, n = 40). There was a significant correlation between the IL-8 concentration and the PMNE concentration at the onset of septic shock (r = 0.6916, P < 0.0001). The IL-8 concentration was also significantly correlated with the endotoxin concentration (r = 0.5584, P = 0.0016). There was a significant negative correlation (r = -0.8237, P < 0.0001) between the serum PMNE concentration and the oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) at the onset of septic shock. These results indicate that IL-8 and PMNE are produced in large quantities when septic shock occurs, and may play a role in the development of septic ARDS.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical evaluation of 99mTc-MAG3 as a radiotracer to assess the function of transplanted kidney: comparison with 123I-OIH].

99mTc-MAG3 (mercaptacetyl glycilglycilglycine) is a newly developed radiopharmaceutical for the functional imaging of kidneys. We evaluated the clinical usefulness of 99mTc-MAG3 in 12 cases (7 men and 5 women, aged from 18 to 57 years old) with transplanted kidney, and compared it with 123I-OIH (o-iodohippurate). Immediately after bolus injection of 300 MBq of 99mTc-MAG3, first pass images (1 frame/3 sec for 1 min) and dynamic renal images (1 frame/60 sec for 30 min) were recorded. In 10 of 12 cases, the same examination was carried out using 37 MBq of 123I-OIH within 2 weeks. Because of its larger dose and suitable gamma-ray energy, 99mTc-MAG3 provided much better images than 123I-OIH, particulary among first pass images. Effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) calculated from the clearance of 99mTc-MAG3 was less (about 70%) than that of 123I-OIH, however, a strong correlation (r = 0.98, p < 0.001) was observed between the ERPF values of the two radiotracers. No adverse effects were caused by 99mTc-MAG3. Our data suggested that 99mTc-MAG3 was a promising radiopharmaceutical with which to evaluate regional dynamic renal function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The effect of cell-free hemoglobin on intravascular clearance and cellular, plasma, and organ distribution of bacterial endotoxin in rabbits.

Cell-free hemoglobin (Hb) and bacterial endotoxin (LPS) synergistically produce toxicity. To elucidate possible mechanisms, three groups of rabbits received LPS alone, LPS plus human serum albumin (HSA), or LPS plus Hb (Hb group). The intravascular retention of injected iodine 125-labeled LPS during the 30-minute period analyzed was significantly longer in the Hb group than in the LPS alone or HSA groups (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.03, respectively), especially during the initial 10 minutes. The intravascular half-life of LPS in the LPS control, HSA, and Hb groups was 2.8, 4.0, and 4.9 minutes, respectively; the area under the curve was 1369 +/- 483, 1594 +/- 360, and 1731 +/- 481, respectively (ng/ml x minutes, mean +/- SD); and the total body clearance was 24.7 +/- 9.2, 20.1 +/- 5.4, and 18.9 +/- 6.0 (ml/min, mean +/- SD), respectively. The proportion of LPS associated with blood cells was very small at the initial 1-minute time period, and this decreased even further during the 30-minute period analyzed (p = 0.0001). Over 96% of injected LPS was associated with the cell-free plasma, with 51% to 54% of LPS in the apoprotein fraction at the initial time point and 35% to 37% in the HDL fraction. The proportion of LPS increased significantly in the HDL fraction and decreased significantly in apoproteins during the 30-minute period analyzed (p = 0.0006 and p = 0.002, respectively). However, there were no differences between the three groups. The liver was the main distribution site (74%) of injected LPS among the six organs evaluated. In the Hb group the accumulation of 125I-labeled LPS in the spleen was significantly lower than that in the HSA group (p = 0.05). The synergism of the in vivo toxicity reported for LPS and Hb may be due, in part, to the decreased rate of intravascular clearance of endotoxin.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1995

[Endocrine mechanism of placental circulatory disturbances induced by microwave in pregnant rats].

Effects of microwaves on fetus and female genital organs remain to be elucidated. To demonstrate the placental circulatory disturbances induced by microwaves and to clarify the endocrine pathogenesis, placental blood flow and five endocrine indicators, i.e., corticosterone (CS), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) were measured in rats exposed to whole-body microwaves with an intensity of 10 mW/cm2 at a frequency of 2,450 MHz. The placental blood flow at 45-90 min after exposure was significantly decreased in the rats exposed to the microwaves. Placental blood flow at 15 and 30 min was increased by pretreatment with intraperitoneal administration of angiotensin II (AII). In contrast, no significant change in placental blood flow was recognized in the AII pretreated rats exposed to the microwaves. An increase in CS and a decrease in E2 were induced by the microwave exposure independent of pretreatment with AII. P was increased by microwave exposure in the rats without pretreatment with AII. PGE2 was not changed by the microwave exposure in the case of either nonpretreatment or pretreatment with AII. PGF2 alpha was increased by the microwave exposure in the rats without pretreatment with AII. The present results indicate that excessive exposure to whole-body microwave disorders pregnancy in terms of placental circulatory dysfunction. The data suggest the involvement of endocrine mechanisms in the decrease in placental blood flow which is induced via a detrimental effect of microwaves on PGF2 alpha and on pituitary functions such as general emotional stress.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1995

Age-dependent alterations in beta-adrenergic responsiveness of rat detrusor smooth muscle.

The relaxant effects of norepinephrine (NE, 10(-7) to 10(-4) M.) and isoproterenol (ISO, 10(-9) to 10(-4) M.) on maximal KCl-induced tonic contractions and the relaxant effects of ISO on contractions induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) were measured in detrusor muscle strips obtained from 22-25 day, 90-95 day and 22-month-old male Fischer 344 rats. The maximum relaxant response to NE and ISO on KCl-induced tonic contractions decreased significantly with increasing age. The ED50 values for ISO, but not NE, increased with age. The maximum relaxant response to ISO on EFS-induced contractions also was reduced significantly in the old bladders. The relaxation effects of forskolin (10(-6) to 3 x 10(-5) M.), dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP, 10(-4) to 3 x 10(-3) M.) and cholera toxin (10 micrograms/ml.) were examined on maximal KCl-induced contractions of the muscle strips obtained from the three age groups. The relaxant responses to forskolin decreased significantly with increasing age, whereas DBcAMP relaxed the muscle strips from the three age groups equally. Cholera toxin (10 micrograms) attenuated KCl-induced phasic contractions, and this effect was impaired in the aged rat detrusor. The density of beta-adrenergic receptors, as determined by radioligand binding with [125I]iodopindolol ([125I]-PIN) decreased with increasing age. These data demonstrate an age-related decrease in the responsiveness of the bladder detrusor to beta-adrenergic stimulation that may be related to the decreased density of beta-adrenergic receptors and decreased cyclic AMP (cAMP) production.

Aging↗
PubMed1995

[Bilateral ankle ulcers associated with hydroxyurea therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia].

Bilateral ankle skin ulcers developed in a 61-year-old man in the chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia receiving hydroxyurea therapy. The circulating immune complex (anti-C3d antibody) was high in this case, but vasculitis was not observed in the pathological findings of biopsied skin materials. This association has been reported in patients who had chronic myelogenous leukemia or other myeloproliferative disorders and were treated with hydroxyurea. It is likely that skin ulcers are caused by hydroxyurea.

Foot Ulcer↗
PubMed1995

[MR imaging of the anterior spinal artery in a case of bilateral vertebral arterial occlusion].

A 66-year-old woman, who had been suffering from frequent episodes of vertebro-basilar insufficiency for 10 years, was admitted because of brainstem ischemic symptoms. Magnetic resonance (MR) images were almost normal, but small flow voids were observed in front of the medulla oblongata and the upper cervical spinal cord. Cerebral angiography revealed that both of the vertebral arteries were completely occluded after branching off the respective posterior inferior cerebellar arteries. The basilar artery was fed only by a retrograde collateral flow via the anterior spinal artery which, arising from the left vertebral artery at the level of the fifth to sixth cervical vertebra, ascended the ventral aspect of the cord. These findings clarified that the flow voids on the MRI were from the anterior spinal artery, and were unusually prominent, as a collateral flow to the basilar artery. To the best of our knowledge, an anterior spinal flow void found on routine brain MR imaging has not been documented in the literature. Our case suggested that the flow void, a very small finding on the MRI, could be a useful sign in the diagnosis of serious vertebral arterial diseases.

Aged↗