Biomedical subjects

M Yasuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Yasuda.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Coexistence of ochronosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

We describe a 64-year-old female patient with ochronosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal column disclosed the destruction of vertebral disks, and a bony bridging in Th12 to L2. In addition, we observed joint space narrowing in the wrists as well as among the carpal bones, positive rheumatoid factor and the presence of rheumatoid nodules, in which the histological findings were compatible with those of rheumatoid arthritis. The co-existence of these two diseases has not yet been previously reported. Pre-existing ochronotic arthropathy might have masked the manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis and made the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis rather difficult.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMed1994

Additive two DMARD therapy of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

From the beginning of 1987 to the end of 1989, 72 rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA) whose disease could not be controlled by a single disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) were selected for the trial treatment. They continued the DMARD treatment used initially at its regular dose, and then started another DMARD regimen at 1/3 to 1/2 of the regular dose as an additive DMARD treatment, which we have designated as Additive Two DMARD Therapy (ATDT). The patients were followed until the end of 1992. In the 3 months of ATDT, the effectiveness of ATDT was obtained in 42 (58.3%) patients who showed more than a 30% decrease in the initial Lansbury's activity index (AI). The rate of side effects at 3 months were 5.6%. Tiopronin, bucillamine or salazopirine added to gold sodium thiomalate or tiopronin were suggested as the recommended DMARD combinations for ATDT. The suppressive effects on AI, ESR, CRP and rheumatoid factor continued for as long as 18 to 24 months. The mean period of ATDT was 21.7 months and that at which ATDT proved useful was 31.9 months. A discontinuation of the first DMARD treatment without any following disease aggravation was obtained in 10 of 15 patients whose disease activity had been sufficiently suppressed for longer than a year. In conclusion, ATDT was suggested to be a useful way of treating RA patients whose disease activity could not be controlled by a single DMARD treatment, as well as a way of evaluating the next DMARD while the ongoing DMARD was observed to gradually lose its initial drug effect.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Methotrexate for steroid-resistant systemic lupus erythematosus.

We here report two patients with steroid-resistant systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who were successfully treated with methotrexate (MTX). In both cases, a steroid resistant high fever, associated with mild myositis and pancytopenia were the main common findings, and all these symptoms were alleviated within a few days either by 7.5 mg or 5 mg MTX per week. The number of CD4+ cells increased along with the clinical improvement, whereas the number of CD20+ cells and HLA-DR expressing cells also decreased. Taking into account the side effects of high dose corticosteroids and cyclophosphamides, treatment with a weekly low dose of MTX is known to contribute to an improvement in the long-term prognosis for patients with refractory SLE.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Effect of hormone replacement therapy on bone and lipid metabolism in women oophorectomized for the treatment of gynecologic malignancies.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on bone and lipid metabolism in women oophorectomized for the treatment of gynecologic malignancies. METHODS: Bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolic markers, sex hormones and lipoproteins were measured in three groups of age- and body mass-matched subjects. The subjects consisted of HRT(+) patients, i.e. those given HRT after oophorectomy (n = 39), HRT(-) patients, who received no HRT (n = 15), and controls comprising premenopausal women with no history of oophorectomy (n = 36). RESULTS: BMD decreased significantly in the HRT(-) patients, but no decrease in BMD was observed in the controls or HRT(+) patients. HRT was effective in preventing bone loss by reducing high-turnover osteopenia. HRT reversed the negative trends in lipoprotein profiles by lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. There were no serious side effects or recurrences among the HRT(+) patients. CONCLUSION: HRT appeared to have beneficial effects on bone and lipid metabolism in oophorectomized patients treated for gynecologic malignancies.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Radiation-induced hypoplasia of the teeth and mandible. A case report.

Hypoplasia of the mandible and teeth is reported in a 4-year-old boy who had cystic hygroma. At age 7 months he had been treated with 60Co-gamma-radiation (24 Gy to the head and neck, 45 Gy to the mediastinum) followed by surgery. Panoramic and periapical radiographs showed hypoplasia of the roots of the primary canines, molars, and permanent teeth and no evidence of tooth germs. The patient was followed up to age 13 years.

Bone Development↗

PubMed1994

Fibronectin receptor integrins are involved in mast cell activation.

Mast cells express fibronectin-receptor integrins on the cell surface, which are involved in cellular activation. In this study rat and mouse mast cells adhered to fibronectin through very late antigen 4, 5 (beta 1 integrin) and vitronectin receptor (beta 3 integrin), and engagement of these receptors promoted cellular degranulation induced by cross-linking of the high-affinity IgE receptor. Blocking of these adhesion molecules by monoclonal antibodies remarkably reduced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in vivo. On fibronectin, cytokine release from mast cells on IgE receptor aggregation was also enhanced, but not the expression of cytokine genes, with the exception of interleukin-3. Interleukin-3 gene expression was constitutively observed in mouse-cultured mast cells and significantly increased on fibronectin with a prolonged survival of the cells, suggesting that the autocrine or paracrine system of interleukin-3 secretion contributes to the prolonged survival of mast cells on fibronectin. Our findings presented here clearly indicate that the engagement of fibronectin-receptor integrins on mast cells increases the sensitivity of the cells for cellular activation. Taking into consideration the fact that mast cells in the microenvironment are actually surrounded by other cells and extracellular matrix proteins, we identified significant roles of adhesion molecules on mast cells in the allergic state, and we hope to develop new strategies to manipulate these molecules for medical intervention in allergy.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neuropeptide Y- and somatostatin-like immunoreactivities in man.

We have measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity (NPY-LI) and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in control subjects and in patients with various neurologic disorders. We observed a significant reduction in CSF SLI in control subjects over 60 years of age, compared with the younger controls. CSF SLI was significantly decreased in multiple sclerosis (MS), or Guillain-Barre syndrome, compared with that of age-matched control subjects. A reduced concentration of NPY-LI was found in CSF of patients with MS. We have also examined the molecular heterogeneity of peptide-LI in CSF. Gel chromatography, not high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), suggested two NPY immunoreactive materials in CSF. Gel chromatography and HPLC revealed three SLI components in CSF: somatostatin 14, somatostatin 28 and a higher molecular weight precursor. Our results suggest that 1) there may be more than one form of NPY in human CSF, and 2) somatostatin neurons might be more susceptible to alteration than NPY neurons in various pathological conditions and aging.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Choriocarcinoma in a term placenta with pulmonary metastasis.

This is a case report of choriocarcinoma in the placenta of a patient who had a term delivery at the 38th week of pregnancy. The pregnant woman had hemoptysis at the 26th week of pregnancy, and a chest X-ray revealed a tumor in the left lung. She had suffered from a hydatidiform mole in a previous pregnancy in 1989. The patient's serum level of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) had been below the normal level before the present pregnancy. Choriocarcinoma was histologically found at 3 sites in the placenta. Her urine hCG levels decreased rapidly after delivery. A partial lobectomy was performed after 2 courses of chemotherapy, and no choriocarcinoma was recognized histologically, because the lesions were hemorrhagic and necrotic. At present, the mother is free of disease, and the baby is growing normally. The placenta should be examined in a detail in post-molar pregnancy.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Intra-His bundle block corresponds with interruption of the branching portion of the His bundle.

We compared His-bundle electrograms with pathological findings of the atrioventricular conduction system in four patients with complete atrioventricular intra-His block with narrow QRS complexes on ECG. Split His electrograms were recorded at the time of electrophysiological study. The patients died from noncardiac causes at 10 days, 1 year, 4 years, and 9 years, respectively, after the pacemaker implantation. Serial sections through the atrioventricular conduction system revealed strictly localized more than 50% reduction of conducting cells replaced by fibrosis at the branching portion of His bundle. The proximal portions of the bundle branches also exhibited decrease of the conducting cells showing a rough positive relation with the patient's age. Therefore, we considered that the H1 spikes seen on His-bundle electrograms originated from the penetrating portion of His, which was virtually intact in our cases, and that the H2 spikes originated from the right side of the distal branching portion of His.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Induction of the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase in rabbit liver by Cu2+,Zn2+ and selenium ions.

Effects of Cu2+,Zn2+,Fe2+ and selenium ions on the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase in rabbit liver were examined. Under basal conditions, xanthine oxidase activity represented only 16% of the total xanthine oxidase plus dehydrogenase activity. Cu2+ (2-10 microM), Zn2+ (5-30 microM) and selenium ions (5-100 microM) brought about the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase in a dose-dependent manner. The concentrations of Cu2+,Zn2+ and selenium ions required for increasing xanthine oxidase activity by 50% was approximately 4, 10 and 20 microM, respectively. On the other hand, Fe2+ had no effect on the conversion of the enzyme up to 100 microM. These results suggest that Cu2+,Zn2+ and selenium ions have the potential to modulate the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase in rabbit liver.

Allopurinol↗

PubMed1994

[Detection of Mycoplasma genitalium from male patients with non-gonococcal urethritis by polymerase chain reaction].

Mycoplasma genitalium causes urethritis in non-human primates, but studies on its pathogenicity in man have been hampered by the difficulty in isolating this oragnism in culture. We have used a specific polymerase chain reaction to examine the role of M. genitalium in non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). Oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify a 281 bp of 140-KDa adhesin gene of M. genitalium. A characteristic PCR product was amplified, when M. genitalium DNA was template for the PCR. No amplified product was detected in Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA, Mycoplasma hominis DNA or other bacterial DNAs. M. genitalium DNA was detected in urethral swabs from 17 (14.9%) of 114 men with NGU. Three (9.1%) of the 33 men with Chlamydia-positive NGU and 14 (17.3%) of the 81 with Chlamydia-negative NGU were positive for M. genitalium DNA, but 29 men without urethritis were negative. The prevalence of M. genitalium in NGU and in Chlamydia-negative NGU was significantly higher than that in the normal control. These findings suggest that M. genitalium would be a cause of NGU.

Chlamydia Infections↗

PubMed1994

[A canine model of pancreas transplantation recipient following total pancreatectomy and associated lymphoproliferation].

An attempt was made to use a diabetic dog as a model recipient of pancreas transplantation. The diabetic state was induced by total pancreatectomy, and was shown to be stable by oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests. In dogs that underwent total pancreatectomy under isoflurane anesthesia (GOI), blastogenesis of peripheral blood lymphocytes had a tendency to be reduced in comparison with no-treated dogs until 2 weeks after surgery. However, from 3 weeks after surgery, their responses became comparable to those of non-treated dogs. These results suggest that stable diabetes mellitus is induced, in dogs, by total pancreatectomy, and that this animal is a useful model of a pancreas transplantation recipient.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

A male case of synchronous double cancers of the breast and prostate.

A male case of synchronous double cancers of the breast and prostate is reported. An 84-year-old male was admitted to the hospital complaining of general malaise, anorexia and weight loss. A tumor 3 cm in diameter was noted in his left breast, which was removed by mastectomy, and was diagnosed as papillotubular carcinoma. An induration of his prostate and elevated prostate specific antigen, gamma-seminoprotein and prostatic acid phosphatase levels were also noted. Needle biopsy of his prostate revealed adenocarcinoma. Among the previous 18 reported cases of this combination of cancers, those with no prior estrogen therapy were very rare, the present case being the third ever reported.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Trilineage response to rhG-CSF with subsequent clonal hematopoiesis in a patient with severe bone marrow aplasia.

We treated a patient with severe aplastic anemia with long-term administration of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). When a trilineage response of hematopoiesis was obtained after the first treatment, a chromosomal change [45XX, -7] was observed in 20 of the 20 metaphases examined. Later, we were able to show a monoclonal X inactivation pattern in the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) gene in the peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear cells, indicating the presence of clonal hematopoiesis regardless of the disappearance of the karyotype abnormality. We suggest that it is important to pay close attention to the appearance of clonal hematopoiesis during the administration of G-CSF to patients with idiopathic severe bone marrow aplasia.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Immortalization of rat corneal epithelial cells by SV40-adenovirus recombinant vector].

Using a SV40-adenovirus recombinant vector, we have successfully established a rat corneal epithelial cell line (RatCE) and studied its biological characteristics. RatCE continued to grow for more than 400 generations. It proliferated centrifugally in the early phase of the culture (1-3 days in culture) and had a cobblestone-like appearance in confluency. Desmosomes and microvilli were clearly seen under a transmission electron microscope. RatCE could be stored in liquid nitrogen and its biological characteristics were: doubling time, 18.3 hrs, colony forming ability, 36%, and growth ability in soft agar, 2%. When the insoluble extract from RatCE was electrophoresed, insoluble proteins were seen at 36 kD, 40 kD, 44 kD, 48 kD, 56 kD, and 64 kD. Anti-64 kD cytokeratin antibody strongly reacted with numerous filaments in the cytoplasm of RatCE. Hence, RatCE possessed 64 kD corneal specific keratin. A large amount of fibronectin was also assessed at focal contact by immunohistochemistry. Thus, RatCE retains several kinds of epithelial characteristics, is derived from one clone, and is immortalized. RatCE will be a useful tool in studies of the corneal epithelium.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

[Effect of hormone replacement therapy on lipid metabolism in patients with premature ovarian failure and Turner's syndrome].

Premature ovarian failure (POF) and Turner's syndrome patients who are also hypoestrogenomic, like postmenopausal women, are considered to be a high risk group for hyperlipemia. Our long-term study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on lipid metabolism in 16 POF and 10 Turner's syndrome women. 1. The initial average total cholesterol (TC) of the untreated and treated POF patients (209, 196mg/dl) and that of untreated and treated Turner's syndrome patients (213, 240mg/dl) were significantly higher than those in the control group (175mg/dl) except treated POF patients. LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of the untreated and treated POF patients (135, 113mg/dl) and that of untreated and treated Turner's syndrome patients (142, 144mg/dl) were significantly higher than those in the control group (108mg/dl) except treated POF patients. In comparison to healthy women of a similar age, POF and Turner's syndrome patients were at high risk of hyperlipemia because of higher serum TC and LDL-C levels. 2. After HRT for 2 years, LDL-C decreased by 18% and 13%, and HDL cholesterol increased by 38% and 41% in POF and Turner's syndrome patients, respectively. Hence AI decreased by 40% and 50% respectively. The younger the hyperlipemic patients are, the higher the relative risk for atherosclerosis is. The results of this study suggest that, because of the beneficial effects of HRT on serum lipid metabolism, it can help to prevent the development of coronary heart disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Assessment of osteoporosis in the local population by means of a portable dual energy X-ray absorptiometry unit].

We assessed bone mineral density (BMD) in the local population by means of a portable dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) unit. BMD was measured by DXA in 197 women (62 premenopausal and 135 postmenopausal) in Shiunji town. Age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), menstrual history, obstetric history, habits, symptoms and hormonal cytology (eosinophilic index (EI), karyopyknotic index (KPI) and maturation value (MV)) were investigated. A negative correlation (r = -0.645, p < 0.01) was found between BMD and age. Low BMD (BMD < 0.8g/cm2) was found at a rate of 3.2% in premenopausal women and 51.1% in postmenopausal women. The low BMD group of postmenopausal women had significantly lower BMI and higher age at first delivery than the normal BMD group (BMD > or = 0.8g/cm2). There were no differences between the 2 groups in other factors. We found a positive correlation between BMD and hormonal cytology (KPI and MV). These findings suggest that the rate of osteopenia in postmenopausal women is high than expectation and it is difficult to predict bone loss by symptoms, history and habits. The portable DXA unit is useful for screening osteopenia in local populations.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed1994

[The comparison of clinical features between early rheumatoid arthritis and established rheumatoid arthritis].

Clinical features between 69 early RA patients (within a year duration) and 79 established RA patients (more than 3 years duration) were compared retrospectively. There were no significant differences about frequencies of morning stiffness (68.2% vs 54.4%) and rheumatoid nodules (20.2% vs 15.2%) between early RA and established RA. There were also no significant differences between two groups about elevation of ESR (92.8% vs 97.4%), positivity of CRP (97.1% vs 94.9%) and rheumatoid factor (RF) (82.6% vs 93.7%), and Lansbury activity index (AI) (mean 68.8% vs 78.8%). After hospitalization and treatment, all clinical indices (ESR, CRP, RF, AI) improved significantly in both groups. There, however, were clinically more "marked improvement" (39.1% vs 16.4%) and "remission" (8.7% vs none) in early RA group. We conclude that by hospitalization and treatment, clinical improvement can be expected in both early and established RA, but to secure satisfactory improvement, early detection and intervention of RA would be recommended.

Adult↗