Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Wada

Publications and source records attributed to M Wada.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Mechanism controlling photostimulated luteinizing hormone secretion is different from preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

A so-called "night-interruption" experiment with a 15-min light pulse showed that a sensitive phase for the photoperiodic LH secretion in male Japanese quail extended over a period of 2 hr from 12.5 to 14.5 hr after dawn. Exposure of a 1-hr light pulse at this photosensitive phase to male quail kept under 8L:16D induced the increase of plasma LH concentrations just the same as quail transferred to 16L:8D. In the first few days of photostimulation either by night interruption or by long days, LH concentrations increased at several hours after the photosensitive phase and decreased to the basal levels before day-break. The amplitude and duration of this LH surge was somewhat like a preovulatory LH surge in females. However barbiturate anesthesia (pentobarbital and phenobarbital) administered on, before, or after the photosensitive phase did not block the LH increase by photostimulation. On the other hand, an injection of phenobarbital 14 hr before the expected ovulation blocked a preovulatory LH surge, even though the same drug failed to block photoinduced LH increase in females. These results indicate that the neuroendocrine mechanism involved in photostimulated LH release is different from that for an LH surge during an ovulatory cycle.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Human HST1 (HSTF1) gene maps to chromosome band 11q13 and coamplifies with the INT2 gene in human cancer.

The human HST1 gene, previously designated the hst gene, and now assigned the name HSTF1 for heparin-binding secretory transforming factor in human gene nomenclature, was originally identified as a transforming gene in DNAs from human stomach cancers by transfection assay with mouse NIH 3T3 cells. The amino acid sequence of the product deduced from DNA sequences of the HST1 cDNA and genomic clones had approximately 40% homology to human basic and acidic fibroblast growth factors and mouse Int-2-encoded protein. We have mapped the human HST1 gene to chromosome 11 at band q13.3 by Southern blot hybridization analysis of a panel of human and mouse somatic cell hybrids and in situ hybridization with an HST1 cDNA probe. The HST1 gene was found to be amplified in DNAs obtained from a stomach cancer and a vulvar carcinoma cell line, A431. In all of these samples of DNA, the INT2 gene, previously mapped to human chromosome 11q13, was also amplified to the same degree as the HST1 gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Levels of glutathione S transferase pi mRNA in human lung cancer cell lines correlate with the resistance to cisplatin and carboplatin.

The amounts of mRNA for glutathione S transferase pi (GST pi) were significantly lower in 3 human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines than in 3 non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. The sensitivities of the 3 SCLC cell lines to cisplatin and carboplatin were much higher than those of the 3 NSCLC cell lines. These results indicate that low levels of GST pi mRNA expression in SCLC cell lines inversely correlate to high sensitivity to cisplatin and carboplatin, and further suggest that GST pi may play an important role in intracellular inactivation of these drugs.

Carboplatin↗
PubMed1988

Residual B cell function in patients with long-standing NIDDM and its relation to metabolic control and diabetic complications.

We have evaluated the residual pancreatic B cell function by glucagon load test in 28 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) of a duration of 20 years or more. The increase in serum C-peptide at 6 minutes after glucagon administration (delta C-peptide) was used as an index of residual B cell function. There was much less delta C-peptide in patients treated with insulin than in those treated with sulfonylurea (p less than 0.05), and it was significantly correlated with the body mass index (r = 0.40, p less than 0.05). Long term metabolic control assessed by the average annual mean fasting blood glucose for the observation period (mean, 21 years) was not correlated with delta C-peptide (r = -0.13). The prevalence of retinopathy which needed photocoagulation therapy and of neuropathy in patients with poor residual B cell function (delta C-peptide less than or equal to 0.3 ng/ml) was the same as that in those with good residual B cell function (delta C-peptide greater than or equal to 1.0 ng/ml). The present study shows that the residual B cell function is not correlated with long term glycemic control and the prevalence of diabetic complications in long-standing NIDDM patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of liking, interpersonal distance, and topics on nonverbal behaviors].

Effects of liking, interpersonal distance, and intimacy of topics on nonverbal behaviors were investigated in a setting simulating natural interaction, using a multichannel approach, which simultaneously took account of look, eye contact, body orientation, body lean, head orientation, and utterances. Twenty four male undergraduates interacted in pairs. Their interactions were video-taped. 1. Effects of liking were found on forward body lean, smile, head orientation, eye contact, and quantity of look. 2. Effects of interpersonal distance were found on forward body lean, eye contact, and body orientation. 3. In high liking, the smaller the interpersonal distance (or the greater the immediacy in terms of interpersonal distance), the greater the immediacy defined as a composite of other behaviors, and in low liking vice versa.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Heterogeneity of lung cancer cells with respect to the amplification and rearrangement of myc family oncogenes.

Seventy lung tumors from 53 patients were analysed for alterations of myc family oncogenes, c-myc, N-myc and L-myc, to evaluate when activation of these genes occurs during tumor development. The 53 cases were 17 small cell carcinomas (SCCs), 18 adenocarcinomas, 12 squamous cell carcinomas (SqCs), 4 large cell carcinomas and 2 adenosquamous carcinomas. Either N-myc or L-myc was amplified in 4 of the 17 (one N-myc and 3 L-myc) SCCs (24%), while c-myc was amplified in 3 of the 12 SqCs (25%). In one SCC, amplification of N-myc was found in the primary tumor, a pulmonary hilar lymph node metastasis and a pleural metastasis, but not in a liver metastasis or a para-aortic lymph node metastasis. In one SqC, c-myc was amplified in a pleural metastasis and a lymph node metastasis, but not in the primary tumor. In 2 cases of SCCs, amplification or rearrangement of c-myc was detected only in the cell lines, but not in the original tumors taken from the same individuals. These results indicate that tumor cells were heterogeneous for amplification and rearrangement of myc family oncogenes, and suggest that activation of these oncogenes in SCCs and SqCs occurs not at the time of malignant transformation but during tumor progression.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1988

Altered expression of the retinoblastoma (RB) gene in small-cell carcinoma of the lung.

Nine lung small-cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines and 9 lung non-SCC cell lines were examined for structural changes of the retinoblastoma (RB) gene as well as its expression using a complementary DNA probe. The RB protein product was investigated using an anti-RB antibody which we produced. Although homozygosity or hemizygosity of the RB gene was suggested in 8 of 9 SCCs and one of 2 large cell carcinomas (LCCs) by Southern blot analysis using an RB cDNA probe and polymorphic DNA markers for chromosome 13, no obvious structural changes of the RB gene were detected in these 18 cell lines. However, RB transcripts were either markedly reduced in quantity or abnormal in length in 3 of 9 SCCs. The specific 115 kD protein was not immunoprecipitated by the anti-RB antibody in all 9 SCCs with either normal or abnormal size RB mRNA. Three of 4 adenocarcinomas (AdCs), all 3 squamous cell carcinomas, and one of 2 LCCs expressed normal size RB mRNA, and the 115 kD protein was immunoprecipitated by the anti-RB antibody. The 115 kD protein was also absent in one of 2 LCCs with shortened RB mRNA and in one of 4 AdCs with low level of RB mRNA expression. These results strongly suggest that inactivation of the RB gene might be involved in the development of lung cancers, especially of SCCs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Isolation and characterization of lectins specific for mannose/fucose/N-acetylglucosamine from rat peritoneal macrophages.

Rat peritoneal macrophages were shown to have two distinct mannose/fucose/N-acetylglucosamine-specific lectins. The major lectin of 180 kDa, which is similar in size to the mannose receptor first isolated from alveolar macrophages (Wileman, T.E., Lennartz, M.R., & Stahl, P.D. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 83, 2501-2505), was shown to occur as a dimer under nondenaturing conditions. The 29 and 32 kDa lectins were identified as members of the liver mannan-binding protein family on the basis of their immunochemical crossreactivity, collagenase sensitivity, and molecular sizes (Oka, S., Ikeda, K., Kawasaki, T., & Yamashina, I. (1988) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 260, 257-266). Despite the similarity in the sugar binding specificity, these two types of lectin were clearly differentiated with regard to the binding to IgM molecules. The 29 and 32 kDa lectins bound to IgM most likely through high-mannose type oligosaccharides on IgM, whereas the 180 kDa lectin did not.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical study of intracellular estradiol in human gastric cancer.

Tissues from primary human gastric cancers were examined for intracellular estradiol (E2) by using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) immunohistochemical method on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. Reaction products of E2 were located only in the cytoplasm of the cancer cells, and not detected in noncancerous gastric epithelium. E2-positive tissues were found in 23 (44.2%) of 52 male patients, seven (20.6%) of 34 female patients and a total of 30 (34.9%) of 86 patients. In male patients, E2-positive cases occurred without age distinction. In female patients, however, E2 was not found in patients in older age groups, especially patients in the postmenopausal state. Microscopically, E2 was found frequently in intestinal type of cancers in male patients and in cancer with scirrhous growth pattern, in female patients. This is the first report of the demonstration of E2 in gastric cancer. The findings suggest that hormonal factors are involved in gastric cancer, and that the cancers contain endocrinic characteristics.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cloning and sequencing of the HU-2 gene of Escherichia coli.

The Escherichia coli HU-2 gene was cloned using a DNA fragment from the HU-1 gene as a probe. The amino acid sequence of the HU-2 protein deduced from the nucleotide sequence is in good agreement with the published sequence. The nucleotide sequence has a possible promoter and a typical ribosomal binding site upstream of the translation initiation codon (AUG) and a possible rho-independent terminater site downstream of the termination codon (UAA) of the gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 3, 13, and 17 in small-cell carcinoma and on chromosome 3 in adenocarcinoma of the lung.

By a molecular genetic approach using polymorphic DNA markers that detect allelic deletion of specific chromosomal regions, we analyzed for possible loss of chromosomal heterozygosity in five different histological types of lung cancers obtained from 47 patients. In small-cell carcinomas, the incidence of allelic deletions at three different chromosomal loci was extremely high; loss of heterozygosity was detected on chromosomes 3p in 7 of 7 patients (100%), 13q in 10 of 11 patients (91%), and 17p in 5 of 5 patients (100%). The deletions at these loci in small-cell carcinomas were observed even in the tumors without any clinical evidence of metastasis. Furthermore, loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 3p and 13q occurred prior to NMYC amplification and chromosome 11p deletion. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 3p was also detected with high frequency in adenocarcinomas [5 of 6 patients (83%)]. Heterozygosity of chromosomes 13q and 17p was lost in 10 of 31 patients (32%) and in 3 of 12 patients (25%), respectively, of lung cancers other than small-cell carcinomas. These results indicate that recessive genetic changes involving sequences on chromosomes 3p, 13q, and 17p may play important roles in the genesis of small-cell carcinoma, and those on chromosome 3p may play an important role in the genesis of adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Induction of murine gamma interferon production by lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-2 in Propionibacterium acnes-induced peritoneal exudate cells.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces high levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in the circulation of mice pretreated with heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes. The following results were obtained in the present study. LPS, as well as interleukin-2 (IL-2), was also able to induce IFN-gamma in vitro in peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) from such mice. Splenocytes and lymph node cells from these mice or resident peritoneal cells from control mice produced trace or undetectable amount of IFN-gamma upon exposure to LPS. A synergistic effect on IFN-gamma induction was observed when LPS was added to a culture of PEC together with IL-2. Indomethacin augmented the induction of IFN-gamma by LPS or IL-2, and prostaglandin E2 reversed its effect. Deprivation of plastic-adherent or nylon wool-adherent cells abolished the induction by LPS or IL-2, whereas it did not affect that by concanavalin A. Culture supernatant of plastic-adherent cells incubated with LPS stimulated the nylon wool-nonadherent cells to produce IFN-gamma in the presence of IL-2, but interleukin-1 or phorbol myristic acetate did not replace the LPS-stimulated supernatant. The ability of PEC to produce IFN-gamma measured as a function of time after P. acnes injection increased in proportion to their natural killer (NK)-like activity against YAC-1 cells. Moreover, treatment of PEC with monoclonal anti-Thy-1 antibody or with anti-asialo GM1 antiserum plus complement eliminated the production of IFN-gamma and the NK-like activity simultaneously, whereas treatment with monoclonal anti-Lyt-2 antibody plus complement did not. These results suggest that IL-2 and some unidentified factor released from plastic-adherent cells by LPS stimulation cooperatively induce IFN-gamma production in activated, Thy-1- and asialo GM1-positive NK-like cells appearing in inflammatory reactions and that prostaglandin E2 regulates IFN-gamma production in these cells.

Animals↗