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Biomedical subjects

M Thomas

Publications and source records attributed to M Thomas.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Clinical efficacy of valproic acid in relation to plasma levels.

Valproic acid is a new antiepileptic drug recently introduced in the United States for the treatment of absence seizures. In this study on patients with absence and other seizure types, the majority of patients achieved optimal control within four weeks of therapy. No patient responded to valproic acid who did not show an initial clinical response by four weeks of active therapy. Optimal response was generally achieved when plasma levels were greater than 55 microgram/ml. Excellent clinical response was observed in the treatment of absence and myoclonic seizures. Twenty-two patients continued in a long term study have maintained the same degree of seizure control as observed at the time of optimal control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of route of administration of 5-fluorouracil on its concentration in blood and lymph.

The concentration of 5-fluorouracil (FU) in thoracic-duct lymph, portal-vein blood and peripheral arterial blood of beagle dogs was greater after administration into the submucosa of the stomach than after the bolus i.v. injection. The concentration of FU in thoracic-duct lymph, portal-vein blood and arterial blood was least following administration into the lumen of the stomach. The total FU recovered over 6 h from thoracic-duct lymph was compared following the three routes of administration and was found to be greatest following injection into the submucosa of stomach.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Purification of immunosuppressive factors extracted from bovine spleen (lymphoid chalone).

A low molecular weight immunosuppressive factor FA which is able to reduce the blastic transformation capacity of lymphoid cells from treated mice has been characterized. It was prepared from a bovine spleen acetone powder and found to be associated partly with high molecular weight carriers in the form of an active complex characterized previously as part of a 'lymphoid chalone' fraction. FA may be obtained by selective ultrafiltration of F followed by P-2 Biogel chromatography of the ultrafiltrate. Thymidine, deoxyinosine and deoxycytidine have been identified as the major constituents of FA by mass spectrometry, ultraviolet absorption data and thin layer chromatography. However, none of these nucleotides has the biological activity of FA.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Epidemiological approaches to 'epidemic neuromyasthenia': syndromes of unknown aetiology (epidemic myalgic encephalopathies).

The study of future outbreaks of 'epidemic neuromyasthenia' syndromes would be easier if there were a standing advisory arrangement for the co-ordination of basic standart studies, diagnostic tests and long term survey of patients. It is proposed that this might be achieved by establishing an 'EN Outbreaks Panel' at Colindale which, in addition to epidemiologists and virologists might include specialists in infectious diseases, neurology and psychiatry and other fields. The approach to such a panel would be through the Communicable Diseases Surveillance Centre (CDSC) when outbreak is suspected. Arrangements could then be made by the CDSC with the Epidemiological Research Laboratory and the Virus Reference Laboratory to assist immediate investigations and for a follow-up to ascertain the incidence of sequelae, as well as for long storage of sera and other specimens.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1978

Factors influencing the infarct: the place of beta-blockade in limiting infarct size.

The mechanisms whereby myocardial infarction in man is precipitated are not understood--largely because the event is usually well established by the time medical help is called, but also because the techniques available have not yet permitted analysis of the earliest changes. On the other hand, the consequences of myocardial infarction for the heart and circulation are now well understood, and the need for therapy better appreciated.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Two modifications of the intrauterine membrane contraceptive device.

The intrauterine membrane (IUM) is an intrauterine contraceptive device designed to be compliant with a range of uterine shapes and sizes and with transient dimensional changes resulting from uterine motility. This compliance was expected to contribute to low rates for removal due to bleeding and pain, but the use of the IUM resulted in heavy bleeding among its early users. Consequently, two modifications of the device were made to decrease bleeding. One group of IUMs was modified by using ethylene vinyl acetate to provide a high level of lateral compliance and another was modified by using a tissue-compatible Hydron coating in order to decrease the inflammatory response of the endometrium. One hundred of each of these modified IUMs were tested along with 100 of the standard IUMs in a double-blind study conducted at the Noi Klinika in Debrecen, Hungary. The findings of this study suggested that these two modifications did not improve the over-all performance of the IUM.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hospital outbreak of clostridium perfringens food-poisoning.

An outbreak of Clostridium perfringens (C.welchii) food-poisoning affected a third of the patients in a large hospital, and one frail patient died. C.perfringens type A, serotype 1, was isolated from 46 (61 per cent) of 76 patients examined and from food, and a new serotype (61) was isolated from 16. The attack-rate among patients who ate a minced-ham dish was 78 per cent. The cooking and storage of this mince was faulty: cuts of meat were much too large, they were kept at room temperature too long before refrigeration, and after cooking they were put into mincers used also for raw meat. C.perfringens type A, serotype 1, was isolated from meat scraps in a mincer. Final reheating was inadequate to destroy even vegetative bacteria, and multiplication may have occurred during slow distribution to the wards. Outbreaks of C.perfringens fool-poisoning are common in hospitals, and some underlying problems are discussed. A plea is made for the Food Hygiene Regulations to apply to National Health Service premises and for simple but effective reforms in institutional catering management.

Clostridium Infections↗