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Biomedical subjects

M Tabata

Publications and source records attributed to M Tabata.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Highly sensitive flow injection analysis of glucose and uric acid in serum using an immobilized enzyme column and chemiluminescence.

A method for the flow injection analysis of glucose and uric acid in serum using immobilized enzymes in column form and chemiluminescence detection is described. The method is based on the determination of chemiluminescence formed by the reaction of a luminol-ferricyanide mixture with hydrogen peroxide which is produced by the action of the respective oxidases on glucose and uric acid. Glucose or uric acid in serum were determined with 1 microliter of the sample at a speed of 120 samples/h without carryover and at an assay time of approximately 10 s. The immobilized glucose oxidase column measured only 1.0 X 5 mm, and the immobilized uricase column 1.0 X 20 mm. The present method gave perfect linearity of the data up to 4.0 g glucose per liter or 0.10 g uric acid per liter with satisfactory precision, reproducibility, and accurate reaction recoveries. Furthermore, the present method was hardly affected by ascorbic acid, while the peroxidase-linked colorimetric method is usually influenced significantly by ascorbic acid. Both column reactors showed good operational stability for a 2-month period, during which time they were repeatedly used for analyses over 2000 times. The results on glucose and uric acid correlated satisfactorily with those obtained by other well-established methods.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1984

[The age incidence of spontaneous abortion].

A series of studies on the age incidence of spontaneous abortion was conducted. The results of the studies is summarized as follows: A total of 16,179 deliveries accompanied by 1,537 cases of spontaneous abortion in 5 hospitals was investigated. The ratio (spontaneous abortion/deliveries) was 0.095 (1,537/16,179) in all age groups, 0.197 (15/76) in the under 20 years age group, 0.089 (215/2,422) in 20-24 years age group, 0.083 (705/8,478) in 25-29 years age group, 0.090 (404/4,496) in 30-34 years age group, 0.232 (149/641) in 35-39 years age group, 0.650 (39/60) in 40-44 years age group and 1.169 (7/6) in the over 45 years age group. The ratio in the under 20 years age group was higher than the ratio in 20-34 years age group (P less than 0.05). The ratio in the over 35 years age group was higher than the ratio in 20-24 years age group (P less than 0.001). This results indicated that spontaneous abortions depended on the maternal age. Deliveries in 20-34 years old occupied 95.2% of all 16,179 deliveries and the incidence of spontaneous abortions in 20-34 age group was stable. It is suggested, that the spontaneous abortion is natural selection in the mother's body and nature protects the older mother's body from deliveries and child-rearing.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1983

Automated assay of creatinine in serum as simplified by the use of immobilized enzymes, creatinine deiminase, and glutamate dehydrogenase.

A method for the automated analysis of creatinine in serum using immobilized enzymes in column form which does not require a blank correction and can be run in a single buffer of pH 7.5 is described. The method was based on the determination of ammonia formed by the action of creatinine deiminase. Endogenous ammonia in serum was removed by an immobilized glutamate dehydrogenase column prior to the action of creatinine deiminase also immobilized and used in column form. The present method was found to give perfect linearity of the data up to 0.10 g creatinine/liter with satisfactory precision, reproducibility, and accurate reaction recoveries. The immobilized enzyme reactor unit showed good operational stability for a 2-month period, during which time it was repeatedly used for analyses over 2000 times. The results correlated satisfactorily with those obtained by other well-established methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of dietary fiber, glucomannan, on absorption of sulfonylurea in man.

In order to clarify whether a dietary fiber has any effect upon the intestinal absorption of sulfonylurea, changes in plasma concentration of glibenclamide were determined during a six-hour period in nine healthy volunteers who took 2.5 mg of glibenclamide together with a breakfast and 3.9 g of glucomannan in a form of konjac powder and were compared with those of the control experiment in which the same amount of the hypoglycemic agent was given without the dietary fiber. In the control, mean plasma glibenclamide level increased rapidly, reaching a peak at 60 min and decreased gradually thereafter, whereas an increase in plasma glibenclamide level was blunted in the test experiment, thus plasma concentration of glibenclamide being lower at 30, 60, 90 and 150 min compared with the corresponding value of the control (31.7 +/- 24.5 ng/ml vs 76.4 +/- 25.0 ng/ml at 30 min; 51.3 +/- 35.5 ng/ml vs 120.9 +/- 56.0 ng/ml at 60 min; 60.0 +/- 38.8 ng/ml vs 117.4 +/- 53.1 ng/ml at 90 min; 54.0 +/- 31.5 ng/ml vs 100.7 +/- 46.5 ng/ml at 150 min). Mean plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower at 30 min in the test experiment than in the control despite the lower level of plasma glibenclamide in the former. The results suggest that glucomannan may influence the intestinal absorption of glibenclamide. A dietary fiber must be prescribed in due consideration of these facts.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bacteria and gallstones. Etiological significance.

Two hundred consecutive gallstone cases have been subjected to bacteriological study employing improved anaerobic culture techniques. In addition to Clostridia species, species of anaerobes such as Bacteroides fragilis, Peptococcus, Veillonella, and Eubacterium are found to be present, some of which possessed beta-glucuronidase activity. This finding has a certain bearing on the etiology of bile pigment calcium stones. In addition to Escherichia coli, Bacteroides and Clostridium often found in the biliary tract may contribute to the formation of bile pigment calcium stones by producing beta-glucuronidase and thus deconjugating bilirubin diglucuronide to form free unconjugated bilirubin which in turn combines with calcium, leading to stone formation. In contrast, very low bacterial incidence was associated with cholesterol stones and so-called black stones--sometimes called pure pigment stones--and thus bacteria play little role, if any, in their formation. Therefore, bile pigment calcium stones and so-called black stones, which are often classified as pigment stones indiscriminately, should be differentiated not only because of their difference in their appearance and composition but also in their etiological background. Regardless of the kind of stones present in the common duct, the incidence of bacteria was found to be increased.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of postoperative respiratory distress syndrome.

We have studied 45 patients with postoperative adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who were treated by mechanical ventilation during the last four years. This period was divided into two periods, and the mortality and progress after treatment were analysed. The overall, mortality was 56%. In the first period this rate was as high as 76%, while in the second period this rate improved to 43%. This improvement in the second period was thought to have resulted from aggressive cardiorespiratory treatment and the diminution of infection. According to the course of ARDS after treatment, four types could be classified. Type 1 showed rapid improvement in respiratory function. Type 2 showed gradual improvement. Type 3 showed relapse of respiratory failure. Type 4 resisted mechanical ventilation. Patients of types 3 and 4 had extremely poor prognoses. Stricter management to avoid infection, specific treatment of multiple organ failure (which was seen frequently) seemed advantageous. High frequency positive pressure ventilation (HFPPV) may have some role in improving the respiratory function of the patients with ARDS.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Changes in somatostatin release from perfused pancreas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

To clarify the mechanism of an increased response of diabetic D-cells to arginine, we studied the changes in responsiveness of pancreatic D-cell to this agent with the passage of time after the onset of diabetes and the effect of chronic insulin substitution on the altered D-cell function utilizing the perfused pancreas of streptozotocin diabetic rats. The magnitude of somatostatin (SRIF) response to arginine (10 mM) was progressively increased with the duration of diabetes. The integrated response of SRIF during a 20 min period of an arginine infusion one week after the injection of streptozotocin was not different from that in the normals, but it was increased by 240% at 8 weeks and by 390% at 15 weeks. The exaggerated pancreatic SRIF release observed in 8 week diabetic rats was partially ameliorated with the daily insulin replacement (15.0 +/- 1.0 units/kg of B.W.). This was accompanied by a partial recovery from growth failure. The integrated amount of SRIF secreted during an arginine-stimulated period (20 min) was inversely correlated with an increase in body weight during an 8 week period (r = -0.741, p less than 0.001). From these results, it might be concluded that the alteration in diabetic D-cell function may be related to the metabolic and hormonal abnormalities of diabetes, rather than insulin deficiency itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Exaggerated response of plasma glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLI) to oral glucose in patients with reactive hypoglycemia.

In order to study the pathogenesis of reactive hypoglycemia, the responses of plasma glucose, IRI, glucagon immunoreactivity (GI) and total glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLI) to 100 g oral glucose load were investigated in twenty-six patients of normal weight with reactive hypoglycemia. Of these patients, nineteen exhibited a diabetic OGTT curve. The findings in these patients were compared to normal control subjects (N = 20) and to disease-matched patients controls (N = 43). The psychological status was assessed by Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire in most of the subjects, who also received an x ray examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract. In addition, IVGTT was performed in the hypoglycemic patients. No apparent difference in plasma IRI response to oral glucose was observed between the hypoglycemic patients and their respective controls. Plasma total GLI concentrations were significantly increased during OGTT in both hypoglycemic groups. Following an oral glucose load, plasma GI levels were suppressed in the hypoglycemic groups to an extent similar to that in the control despite an apparent fall in their plasma glucose levels to the hypoglycemic range in the former. Radiological alterations in the upper gastrointestinal tract; deformity of the duodenal cap, gastric and/or duodenal ulcer, were found more frequently in the hypoglycemic groups. However, no characteristic change in personality was noticed in the patients. During IVGTT, neither plasma glucose nor total GLI level of the hypoglycemics differed from that of each control. The pathogenic factors responsible for reactive hypoglycemia will be discussed.

Glucagon↗
PubMed1980

Application of immobilized enzymes to clinical analyses : use of co-immobilized glucose oxidase and peroxidase in column form.

Glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger and peroxidase from horseradish were simultaneously immobilized onto alkylamine glass beads which were then packed into a 1.5 x 20 mm column and integrated in the flow system of an AutoAnalyzer I. Glucose in serum, up to 5.0 g/l, was continuously determined at a rate of 60 samples per hour. The co-immobilized enzyme column gave better sensitivity as compared with an enzyme column which contained a mixture of two kinds of individually immobilized enzymes. The enzyme column was sufficiently stable while in use for two months. The results correlated satisfactorily well with those obtained by other well established methods for glucose assay.

Blood Glucose↗