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Biomedical subjects

M Tabata

Publications and source records attributed to M Tabata.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in gynecological infection].

The MK-0787/MK-0791 is a combination of imipenem (a carbapenem antibiotic) and cilastatin sodium (a dehydro peptidase-I inhibitor) in a 1 to 1 ratio, which produces a higher urinary recovery of imipenem than imipenem alone. The MK-0787/MK-0791 was used in 8 female patients with intrapelvic infections. Clinical efficacies were very good in all the patients. There were neither subjective nor objective side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Incidence of ovarian metastasis in patients with cancer of the uterine cervix].

With the recent advances in general surgery, the treatment of cervical cancer has been markedly improved to increase the five-year survival rate after radical hysterectomy. Therefore, the operative main attention has recently been directed towards conservative surgery for the function of pelvic organs as well as towards the therapeutic improvement of cervical cancer. The most crucial point for the preservation of the ovary at the time of the operation is whether the cancer metastasizes to the ovaries or not. In order to answer this question, the factors influencing metastasis, such as; the clinical stages, the cancer cell types and the cancer extension to the uterine corpus, were studied. A total of 679 cases of cervical cancer stage 0 and stage Ia were treated surgically with a simple hysterectomy preserving the ovaries in orthotopic position during the period of 1970 to 1984. Three hundred eleven patients of invasive carcinoma in stage Ib to stage IIIb were operated on by a radical hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy from 1977 to 1985. Histopathological examination was performed on specimens of the ovaries to determine the metastasis. In order to study the incidence of the ovarian metastasis in advanced cancer patients, the data of the autopsied 674 cases who died of cervical cancer without surgical therapy were obtained from Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan (1965-1978). Follow-up observations on the 679 patients of stage 0 or stage Ia after the operation revealed no recurrence in these cases. This indicates that almost no ovarian metastasis occurs in the patients of early cervical carcinoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Effects of phototherapy on the activity of microsomal mixed-function monooxygenases and the pharmacokinetics of [14C] hexobarbital in jaundiced and heterozygous Gunn rats.

We assessed the effects of in vivo phototherapy of Gunn rats on the activity of hepatic microsomal mixed-function monoxygenases and on the in vivo pharmacokinetics of [14C]HB. In experiment 1 no serial changes were seen in activities of hexobarbital hydroxylase or benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase in hepatic microsomes isolated after 2, 4 or 7 days from homozygous jaundiced female Gunn rats exposed to continuous phototherapy or in matched Gunn rats maintained under dim light. In experiment 2 homozygous jaundiced (jj) and heterozygous nonjaundiced (Jj) Gunn rats of both sexes each received i.v. [14C]HB on 2 successive days. In random order, each was exposed on the first or second day to phototherapy for 5.5 hr, beginning 0.5 hr before the administration of HB; otherwise, each was kept under dim light. Plasma [14C]HB in arterial blood samples was separated chromatographically from its labeled metabolites, and biexponential plasma disappearance curves for [14C]HB were analyzed by a SAAM-23 computer program. Clearances in female rats were much slower. In both sexes, the total body clearance and volume of distribution of HB were decreased by 20% during phototherapy of the jj but not the Jj rats; terminal plasma half-life was unchanged. In experiment 3 direct in vitro illumination of [14C]HB did not cause photodegradation of this compound, despite the presence of albumin with or without bilirubin.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Chromophores in the extraretinal photoreceptor (pineal organ) of teleosts.

We have demonstrated, using a highly sensitive high performance liquid chromatography technique, that the pineal organ (epiphysis cerebri) of the rainbow trout contains both 11-cis-retinal and 11-cis-3-dehydroretinal. These compounds were assumed to be the chromophores of pineal photopigments, because they were isomerized to all-trans forms by light-adaptation. The quantity of chromophores in the dark-adapted pineal organ was extremely low (9.2-29.1 pmol/pineal), corresponding to approximately 1/300-1/1000 of that of the retina.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Biosynthesis and secretion of tremerogen A-10, a polyisoprenyl peptide mating pheromone of Tremella mesenterica.

The biosynthetic pathway of tremerogen A-10, a polyisoprenyl peptide mating pheromone produced by mating type AB cells of the heterobasidiomycetous yeast Tremella mesenterica, was investigated by immunological techniques with antibody specific to the peptide moiety of the pheromone. Using the biological assay and the radioimmunoassay of the pheromone and its related substances, it was suggested that the peptide is synthesized near the end of logarithmic phase of growth with a temporary accumulation of precursors in the cell. The precursors initially appeared in membrane-bound form and were subsequently converted to soluble forms prior to the secretion. The pheromone acquired its biological activity during the secretion. In the presence of tunicamycin or compactin, pheromone production was blocked with accumulation of membrane-bound precursors. Monensin, however, blocked pheromone production with accumulation of soluble precursors. The molecular species which accumulated in the presence of the antibiotics were analyzed by immunoprecipitation followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/urea/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In the absence of the inhibitors, membrane-bound precursors with molecular masses of 28 kDa, 12 kDa, 7.8 kDa and 2.8 kDa were found. The precursors which accumulated in the presence of tunicamycin and compactin were the 12-kDa and 28-kDa species, respectively. The results suggested that membrane-bound very high-molecular-mass precursors were initially formed and their extensive modifications, including glycosylation, farnesylation and proteolytic digestion, occur in the membrane. Based on these data, a biosynthetic and secretory pathway was postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Direct spectrophotometry of magnesium in serum after reaction with hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

We describe a simple method for determining magnesium in serum by using hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49). The method is based on determination of the reaction rate of hexokinase activated by Mg2+, which participates in the hexokinase reaction as the substrate in the form of a Mg X ATP2- complex. The reaction rate is determined from the change in absorbance at 340 nm as NADPH is produced by the action of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. This simple and rapid spectrophotometric method does not require expensive instrumentation, but results correlate satisfactorily with those obtained by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Thus, the present method gives a "true" value for magnesium in serum, a value appreciably lower than that obtained by an earlier colorimetric method, the Xylidyl Blue II method (Biochem Med 7: 208-217, 1973), which lacks specificity.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasound survey of hepatobiliary lesions in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

An ultrasound survey of the liver and biliary system was made in the city of Kaohsiung and a neighbouring village in the southwest of Taiwan. 1,166 persons (538 males and 628 females between 5 and 83 years) from 388 families were examined. Abnormalities were found in 104 cases (8.9%). Hepatolithiasis was suspected in 22 cases (1.9%). This gives an incidence of hepatolithiasis of 42.3% in a total of 52 cases of cholelithiasis. Hepatoma was suspected in 4 (0.3%) of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Long-term follow-up result of portopulmonary shunt by splenopneumopexy on membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava.

A patient with membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava (MOVC) who underwent portopulmonary shunting by splenopneumopexy 13 years before developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Postmortem studies revealed HCC in the bilateral lobes of the liver with cirrhosis and complete MOVC. There were numerous new vessel formations in the portion of the splenopneumopexy, which proved persistence of the patency. Clinically, postshunt encephalopathy, hepatic deterioration, and cardiac-respiratory dysfunction in the long-term follow-up period were not noticed. Factors that contributed to the occurrence of HCC are also discussed.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1984

Bacteriology of hepatolithiasis.

Hepatolithiasis is associated with bile stasis and bacterial infection. Gallstones found in the intrahepatic bile duct are mostly calcium bilirubinate stones, the presence of which is closely related to the presence of bacteria. In the present study, a high incidence of bile infection was found in hepatolithiasis: 52 of 54 cases (96.3%). This is in concordance with the other reports from Japan as well as from East Asia. E coli was the most frequent isolate followed by Klebsiella, Streptococcus (D), and Pseudomonas. Because of the frequent isolation of E coli in calcium bilirubinate stone cases, beta-glucuronidase from E coli has been thought to be responsible for the formation of calcium bilirubinate stones by effecting hydrolysis of bilirubin glucuronide to free bilirubin, which is insoluble in water. The recent introduction of improved anaerobic culture techniques has led to an increasing number of reports on the presence of anaerobes in the biliary tract. Anaerobes were isolated in 6 of 29 cases of hepatolithiasis (20.7%) in our series but more frequently in Kaohsiung, Taiwan (25 of 57 cases, or 44.4%). Bacteroides and Clostridium were the most frequent isolates from the biliary tract and were shown to have beta-glucuronidase activity. Anaerobes were often found together with aerobes, suggesting the possibility of a synergistic effect that may influence the occurrence and development of cholangitis, which is often associated with hepatolithiasis. Though the biliary tract and liver are usually sterile, when an infection of the biliary tract occurs the route by which bacteria reach the region is thought to be hematogenous, lymphatic, or direct intraluminal ascending infection, the last being the most likely. Treatment of cholangitis associated with hepatolithiasis should be directed toward the removal of stones and termination of bile stasis. When cholangitis ensues, control of bacterial infection by antibiotics should be started without delay. The choice of antibiotics in controlling cholangitis is presented.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗