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Biomedical subjects

M Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to M Schmidt.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Angiographic appearances of rare renal tumours; oncocytomas and benign hypernephromas (author's transl)].

Oncocytomas, called oxyphil proximal tubular adenomas in the Anglo-Saxon literature, and benign hypernephromas are non-malignant, usually symptomless, rare tumours belonging to the renal adenomas. Oncocytomas have angiographic appearances sufficiently uniform to permit a tentative diagnosis. Histologically benign hypernephromas do not possess characteristic angiographic appearances and, in the presence of tumour in the renal vein or necrotic avascular areas, must be regarded as potentially malignant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Effects of indomethacin and methylprednisolone on renal elimination of lithium in the rat.

Wistar rats were given lithium chloride (16.7 mg/kg i.p.) after treatment with indomethacin (2.5 mg/kg/day for 5 days), with methylprednisolone (3 mg/kg/day for 5 days), or with their solvents. Lithium and creatinine clearance and urinary elimination of sodium and phosphate were determined. Indomethacin increases while methylprednisolone decreased the fractional tubular reabsorption of lithium. The quantity of lithium eliminated in the urine is correlated with the urinary elimination of sodium and phosphate. The effects of the anti-inflammatory drugs on renal elimination of lithium seemed linked to their effects on proximal sodium reabsorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence by prostacyclin.

The adherence of human PMNs to nylon fibers or endothelial cells is inhibited by exposure in vitro of the phagocytic cells to PGl2. The impaired adherence is transient and correlates with a rise in intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. Similarly, stimulation of human endothelial cells with sodium arachidonate, a precursor of PGl2, leads to impaired PMN adherence. On the other hand, PGl2 failed to alter O2- release and the bactericidal capacity of the PMNs. These findings suggest that PGl2 may play a role in regulating PMN adhesiveness to endothelial cells without compromising host defense.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1980

[Immunity reaction in old age (author's transl)].

It was found that 61 per cent of ageing persons (average age 73 years) had no protective concentrations of tetanus antitoxin in their serums. After active immunization with a vaccine (tetanus toxoid) the increase of the tetanus antitoxin concentration was slower and lower in old age compared to the young age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Immunity reaction in old age (author's transl)].

In 20 persons in old age and in 20 young persons the immunization with 0,5 ml of a vaccine (tetanus toxoid) was performed. The cell--immediated immunity of lymphocytes of these probands were investigated on the 0,7 21. and 28. day by lymphocyte-transformation test and E-rosette test. The boostering followed after 21 days with the same dose of the vaccine. It was found that the spontaneous transformation rate in T-lymphocytes in old age compared to the young age was duplicated. The stimulation with PHA (Phytämagglutinin) showed no significant differences while the specific cellular reactivity of the T-cells in old age is delayed and reduced compared to the T-cells in young age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Lithium elimination by the isolated perfused rat kidney (author's transl)].

The pharmacokinetics of lithium, a drug with a narrow therapeutic index, depends on the renal elimination of the metal. An open circuit, constant flow isolated rat kidney preparation perfused with gelatinized (Haemaccel) Krebs-solution, was used to study the urinary elimination of lithium relative to sodium. A series of 88 kidney preparations perfused with a solution containing 0.47 mmol/l lithium was compared to another of 52 kidney preparations perfused without lithium. Lithium reduced the tubular reabsorption of sodium but did not modify the elimination of potassium. There is a strong correlation between the tubular reabsorption of lithium and of sodium. The correlation between tubular reabsorption of lithium and filtered load demonstrates the existence of a glomerulo-tubular balance.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Diagnosis and treatment of sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

With only a few exceptions, in sarcoidosis the lung is virtually always, the liver mostly and the spleen only occasionally involved. Therefore, thorax-X-ray is the most important screening procedure. Histological verification by laparoscopy, bronchoscopy (transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchial mucosa biopsy) or mediastinoscopy is essential. In order to decide the therapeutic regimen, particularly the use of corticosteroids, the staging according to Wurm seems less suitable than pulmonary function testing (pneumotachograph, plethysmograph, CO-transfer, compliance). Futher clinical trials will have to find out, whether enzyme analysis (ACE) is apt to monitor progression of disease or to diagnose sarcoidosis in clinical routine use.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effects of dichlorvos (DDVP) inhalation on the activity of acetylcholinesterase in the bronchial tissue of rats.

The experiments presented here deal with the effects of the inhalation of dichlorvos [dimethyl-(2,2 dichlorvinyl)-phosphate, DDVP] vapor on acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) activity in rat bronchial tissue. Exposure to DDVP concentrations of 0.8 and 1.8 micrograms/l for 3 days reduced ACHE activity in the bronchial tissue (62.8 +/- 0.8 and 51.6 +/- 1.6% of the control), but did not elicit any changes in blood ACHE activity (101 +/- 4.5% of the control each). Higher concentrations (4.3 micrograms/l) induced a decline in ACHE activity also in the blood (38.2 +/- 1.1% of the control). In the histochemical preparations used to demonstrate ACHE activity in bronchial tissue (thiolacetic acid method), a staining of the bronchial glands and smooth muscles characteristic of the enzyme activity was strongly reduced after exposure of the animals to even the lowest dose applied (0.2 microgram/l). The question of whether localized inhibition of ACHE in the bronchial tissue might cause increases in airway resistance due to activation of a broncho-bronchial reflex is discussed. This efferent cholinergic mechanism has been found to be at least partly responsible for maintenance of bronchospasm and hypersecretion in chronic obstructive diseases of the respiratory system.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1979

Population genetic data on properdin factor B (Bf) in northern Germany.

Properdin factor B phenotypes were determined in 1,112 unrelated individuals and in 151 mother/child combinations from Northern Germany. Gene frequencies were : F = 0.1960, S= 0.7905, F1 = 0.0072, S1 = 0.0063. The data of the mother/child combinations are in full accordance with the postulated gene model.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Square-wave polarographic determination of heavy metals in vegetables with special regard to cadmium].

The cadmium contents of 104 foods mostly of vegetable origin (market samples from a highly industrialized area in the GDR) were determined by means of square-wave polarography. The values obtained are in good agreement with literature data about the cadmium contents of foods, and they are not indicative of an increased contamination of the products under investigation compared to other industrialized countries.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1979

Neurogenic tumors and VIP-induced diarrhea.

The authors report a case of cervical ganglioneuroblastoma associated with intractable watery diarrhea and hypokalemia. The probable physiopathologic mechanism of the diarrhea and its relation to the vasoactive intestinal peptide secretion (VIP) by the tumor are discussed.

Diarrhea, Infantile↗