Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Sakurai

Publications and source records attributed to M Sakurai.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Biplane computed cerebral angiotomography of moyamoya disease (author's transl)].

In this paper, the authors report biplane computed cerebral angiotomographic findings in 5 cases of Moyamoya disease. The specific features of Moyamoya disease on the CT image were as follows: On the axial plane, the linear structures of the anterior half of the circle of Willis and the proximal portion of the middle cerebral arteries disappeared, and instead of these normal structures, irregular, tortuous or patchy high-density areas just like a "caterpillar" were shown in the basal cistern and medial Sylvian fissures. On the modified coronal plane, the supraclinoid internal carotid arteries and the carotid fork could be identified only with a difficulty, and abnormal, "nebular" high-density areas consisting of irregular, tortuous or patchy high-density vascular components became visible in the basal cistern extending to the basal ganglia. A modified coronal plane and intravenous minimum dose bolus injection method seemed to be more useful for the visualization of these specific features on the CT image. Even before carotid angiography, we can suspect Moyamoya disease for finding these specific features on the CT image. Carotid angiography has been the only method of diagnosing Moyamoya disease. Instead of this invasive examination, computed cerebral angiotomography is useful in detecting Moyamoya disease conveniently and non-invasively. Therefore, we may conclude that computed cerebral angiotomography is very useful method for screening and follow up study of Moyamoya disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Laboratory and clinical studies cefroxadine in pediatric field (author's transl)].

Cefroxadine (CGP-9000, CXD) is an orally active cephalosporin which has been newly developed by Ciba-Geigy. Its antibacterial activity against clinically isolated organisms, absorption and excretion after oral administration and clinical responses of patients with infections were studied. Its antibacterial activity against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae was comparable to that of CEX. Against E. coli, it showed slightly stronger activity than CEX. The serum concentrations of CXD was measured in 6 patients given orally 10 mg/kg of it after meals. The peak mean serum level attained 1 hour after administration was 11.66 mcg/ml. Forty-three children with various infections (upper respiratory infections, lower respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, etc.) were given 17 approximately 46 mg/kg (averaged 28.7 mg/kg) of CXD daily. The result was excellent in 26 cases, good in 12 cases, fair in 3 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 2 cases, showing an effective rate of 88.4%. Side effect of transient leukopenia and elevation of S-GOT were noticed in 2 cases. However, there were no serious adverse reactions in our study. It is concluded that CXD might be effective in rather mild cases of respiratory or urinary tract infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Application of live attenuated measles and mumps vaccines in children with acute leukemia.

Eight children with acute leukemia in remission were immunized with live attenuated measles vaccine and 4 with mumps vaccine. Immunological examinations before vaccination showed that the numbers of white blood cells, percentages of lymphocytes, levels of immunoglobulins and responses to skin tests with DNCB, PPD, PHA and varicella antigen were within normal ranges in most of these children. Chemotherapy against leukemia was stopped for 2 weeks, from one week before to one week after vaccination. One child had a transient fever 10 days after measles vaccination, but no side reactions were observed in the others. Seroconversion was observed in all but one child who received measles vaccine, and neutralizing antibodies have persisted for at least 4 weeks and at most 3 years, when this study was terminated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Hepatocellular carcinoma in a case of Dubin-Johnson syndrome treated successfully with right extended lobectomy.

A 57-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis combined with Dubin-Johnson syndrome was successfully treated by extensive right hepatic lobectomy. While the preoperative serum bilirubin level is one of the criteria in determining the indication for radical hepatic resection, it does not play a decisive role in the case of combined Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1980

Localized blastoma preceding blastic transformation in Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukaemia: morphological and cultural studies of the transformation event.

In a patient with Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), the development of a localized blastoma preceding generalized blastic transformation was accompanied by a reduction of granulocyte-macrophage (GM) colony forming capacity in agar of bone marrow cells as well as an increase in peripheral neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) scores. Successful transplantation of the blastoma cells into nude mice enabled extensive studies of the cell properties. The blastoma cells were double Ph1-positive cells which did not respond to human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and were similar to cells demonstrated in spleen and bone marrow at the terminal stage of the patient's illness. These observations clearly support the case for sequential studies of colony formation in vitro as a useful test for the early detection of disturbances in marrow function that may occur before generalized blastic transformation. Studies of the properties of the blastoma cells also provide some insight into possible mechanisms for the transformation event.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Pharmacological studies of gardenia fruit. V. Mechanisms of inhibitory effect of genipin on gastric acid secretion and its facilitatory effect on bile secretion in rats.

In the experiment on continuous perfusion of rat stomach in vivo, genipin inhibited only the gastric acid secretion induced by carbachol, but not by tetragastrin, or histamine. In the experiment on isolated organs, genipin showed a weak competitive anti-acetylcholine action on the intestinal contraction. Based on these facts and results reported previously, it is conceivable that anti-cholinergic action at least partly contributes to the genipin-induced inhibitory effect on gastric functions. Erythritol clearance was increased with the increase in bile flow by administration of genipin. Genipin showed a significant choleretic action, and just then the concentration of biliary bile acid was decreased inversely. In the relationship between bile flow and biliary bile acid excretion rate, the slope of regression line obtained from genipin-treated group was not significantly different from that of control, and these lines were approximately parallel to each other. Genipin did not affect the concentration of sodium, potassium, chloride, or bicarbonate in the bile collected during the initial stage, in which bile flow was increased, after administration. It is concluded from these results that genipin-induced choleretic action proceeds by a mechanism wherein water is driven along osmotic gradient which originates in the transport of bile acid-independent fraction from hepatocytes into canaliculi, mainly through active Na+ transport.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Alpha-fetoprotein in infantile obstructive jaundice in comparison with the normal ranges.

In an attempt to study the diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), serum AFP concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in 34 neonates and infants with obstructive hepatobiliary diseases and the results were compared with the normal ranges of AFP at this age. Eighteen of 24 infants with biliary atresia and four of six infants with neonatal hepatitis had raised AFP values. In only one of four infants with choledochal cyst, did the AFP value exceed the normal range. In 10 older children with this lesion, AFP was normal. Serum AFP concentrations in biliary atresia did not correlate with the serum bilirubin, s-GOT, s-GPT, anatomic type of the lesion or postoperative bile flow. From these observations, it would appear that the elevation of AFP in infantile cholestasis is unrelated to underlying diseases except in case of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. Serum AFP concentrations in neonates with physiological jaundice, were seldom elevated, and showed a good correlation with serum levels of total bilirubin. Possible mechanisms causing this elevation of AFP may be different from those involved in infantile cholestasis.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

[Fundamental and clinical studies of cefoperazone in pediatric patients (author's transl)].

1. Susceptibility, concentrations in serum and spinal fluid, and clinical effect of cefoperazone (CPZ), a newly developed cephalosporin in Japan, were examined in 28 infants from 2 days to 12 years of ages with various infections. 2. The overall clinical evaluation in 22 cases received CPZ alone was found to be markedly effective in 11 cases and effective in 6 cases; the efficacy rate was as good as 85.0%. 3. The mean half-life following a single intravenous injection of 25 mg/kg to 3 infants was 80.7 minutes. 4. The side effects observed during the therapy were 2 cases of rash and 1 case of vascular pain and these symptoms improved after interruption of therapy. The side effects of CPZ seemed to be not more noticeable than other cephalosporins.

Age Factors↗