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Biomedical subjects

M Navarro

Publications and source records attributed to M Navarro.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Variation in T helper cell/T cytotoxic-suppressor cell index during cardiac operations.

After surgical procedures, humoral and cell-mediated immunity responses decrease. Both anesthesia and surgical trauma play an important role in this effect. Cardiac operations induce a greater decrease in immunologic response than other surgical operations. On the other hand, identification of functional lymphocyte subclasses by means of appropriate monoclonal antibodies appears to provide an accurate measurement of cellular immune competence. Employing these methods, we found a significant decrease of T helper cell/T cytotoxic-suppressor cell ratio in the periperal blood of 20 patients undergoing cardiac operations. This decrease during the period of anesthesia (before surgical incision) is due as much to a decrease of T helper cell percentage as to an increase of T cytotoxic cell percentage. However, during the surgical trauma period (surgical incision to the end of the operation) it is due to a greater increase of T cytotoxic-suppressor cell percentage without significant changes in the percentage of T helper cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis localized on the face, with an infrequently seen clinical picture].

A case of fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis in an urban patient in whom the contagious trauma could not be proved is commented on. Remarkable is the location of the lesions involving the face, which is extremely rare, as well as the morphology of the lesions, adopting the pattern of congestive erythema on which there were crusty-erythematous papules causing an intense itching which also preceded their onset.

Dermatomycoses↗
PubMed1988

[Chronic diarrhea caused by Campylobacter jejuni in a patient with AIDS].

We report a case of C. jejuni chronic diarrhea in a homosexual man with AIDS. The antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria was about normal for the species. Investigating specific immunity, we observed the presence of anti-C. jejuni IgG and the absence of anti-C. jejuni IgA. These findings concord with the hypothesis that specific IgA are necessary for C. jejuni clearance from the digestive tract.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[A study of hematology questions on the competitive examination of medical residents 1984, 1985 and 1986].

The recently (1984) introduced new modalities for selecting the residents in France is based upon multiple choice (MCQ) questions (2/3) and written answers to patients managements problems (PMP) (1/3). MCQ and PMP are selected by a group for 8 hematologists from the 42 French schools of medicine. The process of selecting the questions, the major topics explored by these questions, the docimological quality of the questions and the most surprising errors made by the candidates are studied. Results argue for a sustained effort in order to improve the teaching of the basis of hematology in our country.

Educational Measurement↗
PubMed1987

Chromosomal origin of acetyltransferase AAC(6') specifying amikacin resistance in Serratia marcescens.

Two clinical isolates of Serratia marcescens resistant to aminoglycoside-aminocyclitols and other antibiotics have been examined for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Both strains were amikacin-resistant, and this resistance was mediated by an acetyltransferase AAC(6'). S. marcescens 737 contains a single conjugative plasmid, pUZ 737, of 135 kilobases, which confers resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin by a nucleotidyltransferase, ANT(2"), and to kanamycin, neomycin, butirosin and lividomycin by a phosphotransferase, APH(3'). S. marcescens 1830 does not contain extrachromosomal DNA, and it produced only the above mentioned AAC(6'). The presence of AAC(6') and associated aminoglycoside resistance are not dependent on the presence of a detectable plasmid, not transferred by conjugation, and not cured. Therefore, this enzyme is probably encoded by a chromosomal gene.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1987

[Effectiveness and tolerance of the treatment of infantile bronchial asthma with soluble and delayed-action theophylline].

Twenty-seven asthmatic children have been studied in the phase between crises. According to treatment they have been grouped in treated with soluble theophylline and treated with retard theophylline. Initial oral dose was for both groups of 16 mg/kg/day. Three stages have been considered in every patient: control, at 7 days and at 21 days, performing at each time a clinical (symptoms), functional (spirometry) and analytical evaluation (theophylline blood levels). Following results were obtained: Both frequency and intensity of clinical symptoms are progressively reduced along the study. This reduction is more apparent with retard theophylline, that shows a positive significant correlation (p less than 0.05) between blood level-forced vital capacity after 7 days and blood-level-peak flow after 21 days. Incidence of undesired drug effects is comparable in both groups. The number of children showing no adverse drug effects was greater in group of retard theophylline, however, number of adverse drug effects child was greater in this group. Theophylline mean doses required to attain clinical efficacy are similar in both groups. Neither soluble nor retard theophylline provide a mean blood level in therapeutic range after 7 days, however retard theophylline does so after 21 days.

Asthma↗
PubMed1986

Ultrastructural myocardial preservation during coronary artery surgery: a controlled, prospective, randomized study in humans.

Potassium cardioplegia was compared with normothermic, intermittent ischemic arrest in 30 patients undergoing multiple coronary artery bypass grafts. Group 1 comprised 15 patients in whom cold potassium cardioplegia with St. Thomas' Hospital solution was used. In Group 2 were 15 patients who underwent intermittent ischemic arrest during the construction of the distal anastomoses. Two myocardial transmural left ventricular biopsies were done in each patient. There was no operative mortality. Electron microscopical examination showed normal myocardial ultrastructure in both groups. In particular, mitochondria were well preserved in all samples. The postoperative electrocardiogram demonstrated a new Q wave in 1 patient in Group 2 whose level of the myocardial isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB) was within the normal range. The peak CPK-MB release in Group 1 was 23.2 +/- 20.1 IU and in Group 2, 19.9 +/- 15.1 IU. This difference was not statistically significant. The mean period of anoxic arrest in Group 1 was 49.5 +/- 15 minutes and in Group 2, 25.5 +/- 8 minutes (p less than 0.001). Total cardiopulmonary bypass time in Group 1 was 114.5 +/- 20 minutes and in Group 2, 90.2 +/- 16 minutes (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that both techniques can preserve myocardial subcellular architecture during multiple coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with normal left ventricular function.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1986

Aminoglycoside-phosphotransferases APH(3')-IV and APH(3") synthesized by a strain of Campylobacter coli.

Campylobacter coli strain 981 of animal origin was resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, kanamycin, ribostamycin, neomycin, paromomycin, lividomycin, and butirosin. Resistance to aminoglycosides of strain 981 was mediated by phosphotransferases APH (3') type-IV and APH (3"). C. coli 981 harboured three plasmids of 24, 34, and 40 Megadaltons respectively. None of these plasmids were transferable to Escherichia coli K-12 by conjugation.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1986

Prophylaxis of postoperative infections after open-heart surgery by administration of human pepsinated immunoglobulin.

The present controlled study examines the effect of intravenously administered human pepsinated immunoglobulin G (HPIG, Gamma-Venin) on the postoperative incidence of infections in patients undergoing heart surgery supported by extracorporeal circulation. This particular form of surgery normally produces markedly diminished serum IgG levels, but the results of the study showed that these recovered more rapidly after treatment with HPIG. A statistically significant difference in the number of infections between the group treated with HPIG and the control group (p less than 0.05) was found. It may be concluded that, with regard to postoperative infection, patients undergoing open-heart surgery may benefit from the administration of HPIG.

Adolescent↗