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Biomedical subjects

M Murai

Publications and source records attributed to M Murai.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Present status and background of occupational uroepithelial tumors].

The incidence of urothelial cancers in a group of 231 dyestuff plant workers who had been exposed to benzidine (BZ) or to beta-naphthylamine (BNA) was surveyed from 1962 to 1988. Fifteen out of 231 patients (6.5%) were found to have bladder cancer with the mean age at onset of 57.1 +/- 8.7 years. The estimated average period of engaging in this dyestuff exposure for these 15 patients was 92.4 +/- 47.3 months. The mean latent periods from the initial and last exposure until tumor development were 28.8 +/- 5.7 years and 16.6 +/- 7.0 years, respectively. Good negative correlation was observed between exposure periods and latent periods from the last exposure to onset (R = -0.06814). All 15 patients demonstrated tumors in the bladder, and one patient had a metachronous upper urinary tract cancer after treatment for bladder cancer. All tumors were histologically transitional cell carcinomas except for one adenocarcinoma. For initial treatment, five underwent total cystectomy, eight had transurethral resection (TUR) of the tumor, and one had partial cystectomy. Five out of 8 patients who had TUR have developed recurrent bladder tumors, and two of those patients underwent total cystectomy for second treatments. The mean follow-up period was 8.6 +/- 5.2 years, with two dying of cancer. For detection and monitoring, flow cytometric (FCM) analyses were available in five cases with bladder tumor and in two follow-up cases after bladder preserving treatments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

2-Naphthylamine↗
PubMed1989

[Urokinase Reference Standard of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences (Control 881)].

The National Institute of Hygienic Sciences Standard for Urokinase (Control 881) was established in collaboration with five laboratories. This standard contains 1100 international units of urokinase and 1.17 mg of human serum albumin in each ampoule. Urokinase used for the standard is constituted of 1 part of high molecular weight species (M. W. 54000) and 4 parts of low molecular weight species (M. W. 33000).

Drug Stability↗
PubMed1989

[Ergocalciferol Reference Standard (Control 871) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The Ergocalciferol Reference Standard (Control 871) for the Japanese Pharmacopoeia was prepared. The following analytical data were obtained: melting point, 115.9 degrees C; infrared spectrum, same as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard "Ergocalciferol Standard (Control 851)"; absorbance, E1%1cm (265 nm) = 464.8; optical rotation, [alpha]20D = +104.7 degrees; thin-layer chromatography, same as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard; high-performance liquid chromatography, contaminants were not detected; assay, 101.2%. On the basis of those results, this material was authorized as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard (control 871).

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[Diflucortolone-21-valerate Reference Standard (Control 871) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Diflucortolone-21-valerate was tested for the preparation of "Diflucortolone-21-valerate Reference Standard (Control 871)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: loss on drying, 0.05%; infrared spectrum, 1745, 1727, 1667, 1625, 1611, 1169 cm-1; ultraviolet spectrum, lambda max = 239 nm; absorbance, E1%1cm (239 nm) = 348.8; optical rotation, [alpha]20D: + 100.8 degrees; melting point, 203.2 degrees C; thin-layer chromatography, three contaminants were detected; high-performance liquid chromatography, two contaminants were detected; fluorine, 8.06%. On the basis of those results, this material was authorized as the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences Reference Standard (Control 871).

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 871) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Cyanocobalamin was tested for the preparation of "Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 871)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: loss on drying, 11.6%; infrared spectrum, same as that of Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 861); thin-layer chromatography, two contaminants were detected; high-performance liquid chromatography, seven contaminants were detected; assay, 99.9% by JP XI method and 100.2% by HPLC method in terms of J.P. Reference Standard (Control 861), respectively. On the basis of those results, this material was authorized as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard (Control 871).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1989

[Tocopherol Reference Standard (Control 881) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Tocopherol was tested for the preparation of "Tocopherol Reference Standard (Control 881)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: infrared spectrum, same as Tocopherol Reference Standard (Control 851); absorbance, E1%1cm (292 nm) = 73.7; thin-layer chromatography, contaminants were not detected until 12.5 micrograms; high-performance liquid chromatography, six contaminants were detected; assay, 100.4%. On the basis of those results, this material was authorized as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard (Control 881).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1989

[Prednisolone Reference Standard of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Prednisolone reference standard for the Japanese Pharmacopoeia was prepared. The quality of raw material was examined and compared with the previous reference standard (Control 821). Analytical data for this substance were as follows: loss on drying, 0.04%; melting point, 234.1 degrees C (decomposition); optical rotation, [alpha] 20D + 100.2 degrees; UV spectrum, lambda max = 243 nm; absorptivity, E1%1cm (243 nm) = 415; IR spectrum, 1711, 1655, 1612, 1111, 899 cm-1; one impurity was detected by TLC and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively; assay by HPLC, 100.1%. Based on the above results, this raw material was authorized as the Reference Standard of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Reference Standard (Control 871) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The raw material of pyridoxine hydrochloride was examined for the preparation of "Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Reference Standard". Analytical data for the sample were as follows: loss on drying is 0.01%; pH 2.94; melting point 205.2 degrees C (decomposition); IR spectrum same as the Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Reference Standard (Control 801); TLC indicates no impurities; nitrogen is 6.77% (Theoretical value 6.81%); and assay 99.5% by non-aqueous titration, 99.8% by UV spectroscopy, and 100.2% by measuring chloride ion. Based on the above results, this raw material was authorized to be Reference Standard of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[Tocopherol Acetate Reference Standard (Control 881) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Tocopherol acetate was tested for the preparation of "Tocopherol Acetate Reference Standard (Control 881)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: infrared spectrum, same as Tocopherol Acetate Reference Standard (Control 851); absorbance, E1%1cm (284 nm) = 43.7; thin-layer chromatography, contaminants were not detected; high-performance liquid chromatography, one contaminant was detected; assay, 100.0%. On the basis of those results, this material was authorized as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard (Control 881).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1989

[Hydronephrosis caused by Crohn's disease: a case report--review of 41 cases with urinary tract complication reported in Japan].

A 34 year-old man, who had been under care with diagnosis of Crohn's disease in the department of gastroenterology of our hospital since 1983, was referred to our urological clinic on May 21, 1987, because of right hydronephrosis found on ultrasonography. He did not complain of any urological symptoms. He underwent further roentgenographic examinations and a diagnosis of hydronephrosis complicated with Crohn's disease was made. On surgery of July 30, resection of ileocecal lesion, end-to-end ileocolostomy, right ureterolysis were performed. He is now visiting our clinic without recurrence of hydronephrosis up to present (7 months). In addition, we reviewed the 41 cases of urological disorders complicated with Crohn's disease in the literature reported in Japan. The cases were of vesicoenteric fistula including pericystitis (33 cases), hydronephrosis (10 cases), urolithiasis (2 cases) and ureterocolonic fistula (1 case). The patients were from 10 to 57 years (27.2 years in average) old. Sex distribution was uneven, 39 of patients were men and 2 were women. Urologic surgery was performed in almost all of the cases except for the patient with urolithiasis. All the patients having vesicoenteric fistula had urological complaints but the patients with hydronephrosis were relatively free from urological complaints. Thus, Crohn's disease has been recognized as an important gastrointestinal disease for urologists, and we will emphasize that periodical abdominal ultrasonography and urography for the patients with this disease should be necessary for checking up other complications such as hydronephrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of colorectal carcinomas detected by mass screening].

In order to evaluate effectiveness of mass screening for the detection of a colorectal carcinoma, 60 patients with a colorectal carcinoma that had been detected by fecal occult blood tests (mass screened group) were compared to 119 patients who were voluntarily diagnosed at an out-patient clinic (control group), and the following results were obtained. The site of carcinoma as being at the rectum in the mass screened group was rarely initially detected when compared to the control group. The frequency of an early stage carcinoma was 53.3% in the mass group and 17.6% in the control group. Twenty-three of the 60 patients in the mass group received an endoscopic polypectomy, and 8 patients of these also were surgically treated for a bowel resection. Curative treatment was performed on 91.8% of the patients in the mass group and 81.5% in the control group. These results indicate that the mass screening using the fecal occult blood test is effective for a reduction in the mortality rate from colorectal carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Radiographic evaluation of blunt renal trauma.

Radiographic evaluation was performed on 18 patients with blunt renal trauma. Of 18 patients 11 had minor injury. Four of 11 patients with minor injury had a normal intravenous pyelogram (IVP), and other 7 were confirmed to have minor renal injury by computed tomographic (CT) scan. Seven patients had major injury. Six patients were diagnosed by both IVP and CT, and five by angiography. CT scan was reliable in major injury and had the high staging accuracy. Angiography was useful in specific patients. Therefore, we conclude that IVP or CT scan should be performed as the initial evaluation, and CT scan or angiography might be used as the second examination in selected patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Serum uptake of doxorubicin intravesically administered soon after transurethral resection of bladder carcinoma].

To obtain the maximum prophylactic effect of intravesical chemotherapy on the bladder tumor recurrence treatment should be started early. Since 1983, we have been initiating prophylactic instillation of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DXR) on the first post-transurethral resection (TUR) day. This study was conducted to define serum uptake of DXR and systemic toxicity in the early post-TUR period. Fifteen TURs were carried out on 14 patients with superficial bladder carcinoma. DXR (30 mg) in normal saline (30 ml) was intravesically administered 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after TUR, and every 4 weeks thereafter. DXR solution was kept in the bladder for 2 hours. The serum DXR concentration was measured 30 minutes and 2 hours after the instillation through 1 to 5 days after TUR. Intolerable vesical irritability was seen in 4 of 60 instillations. No systemic side effects, however, were observed. Three of 24 samples contained a detectable level (10 ng/ml) of DXR on the post-TUR day 1, 6 of 22 samples on the post-TUR day 3, and 6 of 14 samples on the post-TUR day 5. Overall, 15 of 60 samples contained more than 10 ng/ml DXR. The highest serum DXR level was 47 ng/ml at the post-TUR day 1. Frequency of detection and average levels of serum DXR in 30-minute and 2-hour samples were not significantly different. Average concentrations in patients with multiple or diffuse tumor and solitary tumor were also not significantly different. These results indicate that intravesical instillation starting within 24 hours after TUR does not produce significant serum uptake of DXR, and systemic toxicity can thereby be avoided.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1988

Rupture of a pyelocaliceal diverticulum.

Although numerous reports have described the complications associated with pyelocaliceal diverticula, rupture of a pyelocaliceal diverticulum is extremely rare. We present a case of spontaneous rupture of a pyelocaliceal diverticulum with ureteral calculus. After passage of the calculus, no extravasation was demonstrated without any surgical or manipulative procedure. The unusual etiopathological setting which predisposed to the occurrence of such a rare phenomenon is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Molecular structure of the replication origin of a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens plasmid pFTB14.

The structure of a 1.5-kb DNA sequence that is necessary and sufficient for the replication of an 8.2-kb cryptic plasmid, pFTB14, isolated from a strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been characterized. The 1.5-kb DNA sequence contains an open reading frame, rep, stretching for 1017 bp, a promoter region for rep expression, and a possible replication origin for the plasmid upstream of the promoter. The rep product is trans-active and essential for plasmid replication. The predicted rep protein is a basic protein, as are the RepC protein of pT181, RepB of pUB110 and protein A of pC194 (all these found in staphylococci) and the pi protein of the R6K plasmid of Escherichia coli. The predicted rep protein has highly homologous amino acid sequences with protein A of pC194 and RepB of pUB110 throughout the protein molecule, but not with RepC of pT181, pi of R6K or protein RepH encoded by and initiating the replication of pC194.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Pre-operative evaluation of the prognosis of hypertension in primary aldosteronism owing to adenoma.

The prognosis of hypertension was evaluated pre-operatively in 40 patients with primary aldosteronism owing to adenoma by examining the severity of hypertension, family history of hypertension, age of the patients, duration of hypertension, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration, and efficacy of spironolactone (100 mg per day for 10 days) on blood pressure. In 30 of the 40 patients, the blood pressure was reduced to below 160/95 mmHg within a year after adrenalectomy (responders). In the other 10 patients, the blood pressure was not markedly reduced and remained above 160/95 mmHg (nonresponders). There were no significant differences in the age of the patients, family history of hypertension, plasma renin activity or plasma aldosterone concentration between these two groups. The severity of hypertension as judged by the WHO classification and the duration of hypertension prior to operation seemed to be of some use in assessing the postoperative prognosis of hypertension, but the efficacy of spironolactone was far more useful. That is to say, a reduction in mean blood pressure of more than 15 mmHg after administration of spironolactone was observed in 29 of the 30 responders. The remaining one patient showed an 11 mmHg reduction in mean blood pressure. On the other hand, none of the nonresponders revealed a reduction in mean blood pressure of more than 15 mmHg after spironolactone administration. From these results it is concluded that the pre-operative response of blood pressure to administration of 100 mg per day of spironolactone for 10 days represents a useful indicator of the postoperative prognosis of hypertension in patients with primary aldosteronism owing to adenoma.

Adenoma↗