Biomedical subjects

M Murai

Publications and source records attributed to M Murai.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

[Thiamine Hydrochloride Reference Standard (Control 891) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The raw material of thiamine hydrochloride was examined for preparation of the "Thiamine Hydrochloride Reference Standard". Analytical results were as follows: melting point 242.7 degrees; pH 3.2 (1 g, water, 100 ml); IR spectrum the same as that of JP Reference Standard (Control: 841); one and two impurities detected by TLC and by HPLC analyses, respectively; assay by thiochrome method 100.3% and by HPLC 100.1% against the JP Reference Standard. Based on the results, the present raw material was authorized to be the Reference Standard of the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Mestranol Reference Standard (Control 881) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The raw material of mestranol was examined for preparation of the "Mestranol Reference Standard". Analytical results for the sample were as follows: UV spectrum indicated absorption maxima at 279 and 287 nm and absorptivity at 279 nm E1%1cm 66; IR spectrum indicated specific absorption at 1612, 1578, 1505, 1253, and 1060 cm-1; optical rotation +3.9 degrees; melting point 153.1 degrees; loss on drying 0.03%; TLC and HPLC analyses indicated one impurity, respectively; the purity was assumed to be 99.3% by HPLC analysis. Based on the results, the present raw material was authorized to be the Reference Standard of the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate Reference Standard (Control 881) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The raw material of betamethasone sodium phosphate was examined for preparation of the "Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate Reference Standard". Analytical results for the sample were as follows: pH 7.90; optical rotation + 100.5 degrees; IR spectrum the same as USP Reference Standard of Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate; TLC indicated no impurities, but 5 kinds of impurities were detected in small amounts by HPLC; water content 14.7%; assay 100.2% by HPLC. Based on the above results, this raw material was authorized to be the Reference Standard of the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Betamethasone↗

PubMed1990

[Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Reference Standard (Control 891) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The raw material of dexamethasone sodium phosphate was examined for preparation of the "Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Reference Standard". Analytical results were as follows: UV spectrum indicates absorption maxima at 242 nm and absorptivity at 242 nm is E1%1cm 304; optical rotation +79.0%; pH 7.7; ethanol 5.2%; water 6.0%; HPLC analysis indicates small amounts of three impurities and the purity was assumed to be 99.8%; assay by HPLC indicated 100.9% against the USP Reference Standard of "Dexamethasone Phosphate". Based on the results, the present raw material was authorized to be the Reference Standard of the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Hydrocortisone Acetate Reference Standard (Control 891) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The raw material of hydrocortisone acetate was examined for preparation of the "Hydrocortisone Acetate Reference Standard". Analytical results were as follows: E1%1cm (242 nm) 403; IR spectrum indicates specific absorption at 3424, 1745, 1721, 1630, and 1374 cm-1; optical rotation +164.4 degrees (in dioxane); melting point 219.5 degrees (decomposition); loss on drying 0.16%; TLC and HPLC analyses indicated one and three impurities, respectively; assay by HPLC was 99.7% against the previous Reference Standard. Based on the results, the present raw material was authorized to be the Reference Standard of the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate Reference Standard (Control 891) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The raw material of hydrocortisone sodium phosphate was examined for the preparation of the "Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate Reference Standard". Analytical data obtained were as follows: pH, 8.2; optical rotation [alpha]D20, +124.1 degrees; Infrared spectrum, same as that of BP Reference Standard of Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate; thin-layer chromatography, no impurities were detected; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 2 kinds of small amount of impurities were detected; assay, 99.2% by the enzyme method and 99.9% by the HPLC method in terms of the BP Reference Standard. Based on the above results, this raw material was authorized to be the Reference Standard of the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Prednisolone Sodium Phosphate Reference Standard (Control 891) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

The raw material of prednisolone sodium phosphate was examined for preparation of the "Prednizolone Sodium Phosphate Reference Standard". Analytical data obtained were as follows: pH 7.6; optical rotation [alpha]D25, +99.0 degrees; Infrared spectrum, same as that of BP Reference Standard; Thin-layer chromatography, 4 impurities were detected; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 7 kinds of impurities were detected; residual solvent, 0.76% (ethnol) and 0.23% (hexane); assay, 100.2% by the enzyme method and 99.7% by the HPLC method in terms of the BP Reference Standard. Based on the above results, this raw material was authorized to be the Reference Standard of the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Tocopherol Succinate Reference Standard (Control 881) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Tocopherol succinate was tested for the preparation of "Tocopherol Succinate Reference Standard (Control 881)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: infrared spectrum, same as Tocopherol Succinate Reference Standard (Control 851); absorbance, E1cm1% (286 nm) = 40.5; thin-layer chromatography, contaminants were not detected until 50 micrograms; high-performance liquid chromatography, three contaminants were detected; loss on drying, 0.09%; assay, 100.0%. On the basis of the above results, this material was authorized as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard (Control 881).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Methyldigoxin Reference Standard (Control 881) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Methyldigoxin was tested for preparation of the "Methyldigoxin Reference Standard (Control 881)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: infrared spectrum 3456, 1738, 1086 cm-1; ultraviolet spectrum lambda max = 219 nm; absorbance E1cm1% (219 nm) = 193.1; water 0.99%; optical rotation [alpha]546.1(20) = +22.5 degrees; thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography indicates two impurities, respectively; quantitative analysis of acetone 3.87%; assay by spectrophotometry 100.3% against Digoxin Reference Standard (Control 802). On the basis of the above results, this material was authorized as the National Institute of the Hygienic Sciences Reference Standard (Control 881).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 891) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Cyanocobalamin was tested for preparation on the "Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 891)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: loss on drying, 9.77%; infrared spectrum, same as that of the Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 871); thin-layer chromatography, five contaminants were detected; high-performance liquid chromatography, nine contaminants were detected; assay, 100.00% by JP XI method and 99.79% by HPLC method in terms of the JP Reference Standard (Control 871), respectively. On the basis of the above results, this material was authorized as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard (Control 891).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

PubMed1990

[Steroid withdrawal in renal transplant recipients].

The clinically important side effects of long-term steroid use are well known. We report the results of complete steroid withdrawal in 7 living-related renal transplants in HLA-identical (3) or one-haplotype match (4) recipients initially treated with azathioprine (5) or cyclosporine (2), and steroids. After the end of the second year, steroids were stopped if renal function was normal (serum creatinine below 2.0 mg/dl) and if no alterations were seen on renal biopsy. In 1 patient steroid had to be discontinued because of the complications of steroid immunosuppression. The study population consisted of 7 patients with a mean age of 32.4 years. The sex distribution was 6 males and 1 female. All patients had received a minimum of 3 blood transfusions prior to transplantation. Steroid was discontinued 34.0 +/- 18.1 months posttransplant. Oral azathioprine or cyclosporine were employed for long-term maintenance immunosuppression. Six patients (86%) have remained continuously off steroids for 52.2 +/- 50.5 months (range 4-150) with stable renal function. The mean serum creatinine was 1.1 +/- 0.4 mg/dl at the most recent follow-up. Reinstitution of steroid was required in 1 patient (14%) for rejection (36 months after steroid withdrawal). Thus, steroid withdrawal was successful in 6 of 7 patients. In HLA-identical recipients, all are currently steroid-free. In haplo-matched patients, 75% are steroid independent. Discontinuation of steroid resulted in a decrease in serum cholesterol concentration from 246 +/- 41 to 204 +/- 25 mg/dl (P less than 0.003). We conclude that steroid withdrawal may be accomplished in selected patient without increasing the rate of graft loss.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Vaginal metastasis from transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis in horseshoe kidney.

We describe a case of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in a horseshoe kidney with vaginal tumor as the first manifestation of remote metastasis. While the occurrence of adenocarcinoma in a horseshoe kidney appears to be no higher than in nonfused kidneys, the incidence of transitional cell carcinoma among neoplasms in horseshoe kidneys is higher. Vaginal metastasis from transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is considered extremely rare. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in a horseshoe kidney with metastasis to the vagina. The patient was successfully treated with surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗

PubMed1989

A simple method for observation of phagocytosis on bacterial thin-layer.

A simple method was developed to visually present the phagocytic activity of leukocytes by using adherent Staphylococcus aureus cells and blood applied on a plastic dish. When heparinized blood was applied on thin-layer of heat-killed S. aureus cells on the plastic dish, plaques due to the phagocytic activity of leukocytes were observed with a microscope under a low magnification. Fewer and smaller plaques were observed when plasma-deprived rather than whole blood was used. Some analyses were made in respect to the fundamental conditions required for optimal results. This method was considered to be useful for conveniently evaluating the serum opsonin activities and phagocytic function of leukocytes in various kinds of diseases.

Antigens, Bacterial↗

PubMed1989

Simple method for quantitation of cell-bound protein A on Staphylococcus aureus cells by means of hemagglutination with sheep erythrocytes differentially sensitized with rabbit antibody and its clinical application.

A simple method for quantitation of cell-bound protein A (SpA) on organisms of Staphylococcus aureus was successfully devised by using hemagglutination between staphylococcal organisms and a series of sheep erythrocyte suspensions sensitized with different amounts of anti sheep erythrocyte rabbit antiserum. The validity of the principle and the reproducibility of the method presented here were precisely analyzed and the details of the method are presented. The hemagglutination was quantitatively inhibited both by normal rabbit serum and by soluble SpA. Using the method presented here, 376 strains of S. aureus freshly isolated from clinical materials were subjected to SpA quantitation in cell-bound form. According to the results, there was an unexpected distribution profile in the amounts of cell-bound SpA among the clinical isolates, which showed a two-peak pattern. A possible usefulness of the method presented here in clinical investigations is briefly discussed also.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Improved methods for detection and serotyping of coagulase from Staphylococcus aureus.

Improved methods for detection and serotyping of staphylocoagulase were concomitantly devised. We devised an improved method for detection of coagulase activity on agarose film in the same manner as single radial immunodiffusion. The amounts of reagents required for detection of coagulase on agarose film were successfully diminished by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the original formula described by Boothby et al. Using microplates in another improved method for coagulase serotyping, the amount of reaction fluid required was considerably less compared with the conventional tube method. PEG was found to be also effective to increase the efficacy of coagulase serotyping. In the presence or absence of anti-coagulase antisera, culture supernatants of staphylococcal strain grown in brain heart infusion broth were incubated with the reaction fluid containing bovine fibrinogen, rabbit plasma, 6-amino caproic acid, polyethylene glycol 6,000. Coagulase activity was visualized as a turbid mass formed in the wells. Turbid mass formation due to coagulase activity was type-specifically inhibited in the presence of type-specific antisera. Detailed procedures of the methods are precisely described with some preliminary results obtained by the methods.

Coagulase↗

PubMed1989

Altered virulence of a pleiotropic Staphylococcus aureus mutant with a low producibility of coagulase and other factors in mice.

The virulence of a pleiotropic Staphylococcus aureus mutant with an extremely low producibility of coagulase and other factors was investigated in mouse. A mutant strain, designated as CL-1, showed the same LD50 and the same intrarenal proliferation as its parental strain, when the mutant organisms were inoculated in mice in high doses. The mutant organisms, however, showed a diminished intrarenal proliferation compared with its parental organisms in low doses. This mutant strain expressed a pleiotropic phenotype such as a concomitant reduction in the producibility of coagulase, alpha-toxin, and Panton-Valentine leucocidin. The total effect due to the reduction in producibility of various factors on the virulence of the mutant strain was investigated with studies on the bacterial resistance to the phagocytic activity of leucocytes. A possible role of coagulase and that of some other staphylococcal exoproteins in the pathogenesis of S. aureus were discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Spontaneous peripelvic extravasation due to squamous cell carcinoma of the ureter.

A case of spontaneous urinary peripelvic extravasation secondary to an obstructing squamous cell carcinoma of the ureter is presented. A review of the literature reveals that peripelvic extravasation caused by tumor obstruction of the ureter is rare and most of its underlying lesions are metastatic retroperitoneal adenopathy.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

[Cholecalciferol Reference Standard (Control 871) of National Institute of Hygienic Sciences].

Cholecalciferol Reference Standard (Control 871) for the Japanese Pharmacopoeia was prepared. The following analytical data were obtained: melting point, 86.3 degrees C; infrared spectrum, same as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard "Cholecalciferol Standard (Control 851)"; absorbance, E1%1cm (265 nm) = 474.5; optical rotation, [alpha]20D = + 110.0 degrees; thinlayer chromatography, same as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard; highperformance liquid chromatography, contaminants were not detected; assay, 100.7%. On the basis of those results, this material was authorized as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Standard (control 871).

Chemical Phenomena↗