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Biomedical subjects

M Matsuo

Publications and source records attributed to M Matsuo.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Separation and determination of the ingredients of a cold medicine by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with bile salts.

The separation of fourteen active ingredients used in a cold medicine was investigated by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) employing bile salts. Basic drugs were also successfully separated by micellar EKC using bile salts with high theoretical plate numbers (2.0 x 10(5)-3.5 x 10(5)) within a relatively short time (ca. 20 min). The separation of these solutes by micellar EKC was not successful using sodium dodecyl sulphate. The effects of micellar concentration, pH and organic modifier content on migration times and selectivity were investigated. This technique was also applied to the determination of several active ingredients combined in commercial preparations by an internal standard method.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1990

Growth-inhibiting effect of tumor necrosis factor on human umbilical vein endothelial cells is enhanced with advancing age in vitro.

We have examined the effects of in vitro aging on the growth capacity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under the influence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with or without interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The growth and colony-forming abilities of control cells were impaired with advancing age in vitro, especially at later stages (more than 70-80% of life span completed). It was found that treatment with TNF inhibited growth and colony-forming efficiency at any in vitro age. The effects of TNF were shown to increase with increasing in vitro age, as reflected by a more pronounced increase in doubling times, a decrease in saturation density, and a reduction in colony-forming efficiency. However, the characteristics of TNF receptors, including the dissociation constant, and the number of TNF-binding sites per cell-surface area remained rather constant. The effect of TNF was augmented by IFN-gamma at a dose that alone affected growth and colony formation only slightly. The augmentation by IFN-gamma was also found to depend on in vitro age; the synergy with TNF in the deterioration of colony-forming ability was observed only in "aged" cells. These results suggest that the intrinsic responsiveness of HUVECs to growth-inhibiting factors, as well as to growth-stimulating factors, changes during aging in vitro.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

Effect of surfactant structures on the separation of cold medicine ingredients by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

Using micellar electrokinetic chromatography (micellar EKC or MEKC) the retention behavior of twelve active ingredients used in cold medicines was investigated. The role of five different anionic surfactants was investigated by MEKC and the results were compared with those obtained by conventional capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). The relative retention order of the 12 ingredients was significantly different among the five surfactants; the different elution orders were ascribed to the differences in the hydrophilic groups of the surfactants. The effects of surfactant concentration and buffer pH were also investigated. The ingredients were successfully separated within 30 min by micellar EKC with high theoretical plate numbers (approximately 200,000), and selectivity was much improved in comparison with CZE. Micellar EKC was applied by the internal standard method to the quantitation of some active ingredients combined in commercial preparations.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1990

Modulation of 3H-prostaglandin E2 binding sites in the rabbit gastric mucosa.

The binding of 3H-prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to rabbit gastric mucosa was investigated. Binding depended on incubation time, temperature and pH, and was saturable and reversible. Scatchard plot analysis revealed a single class of binding sites with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 5.33 +/- 0.21 nM and a maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) of 138.1 +/- 3.4 fmol/mg protein. PGE1 and 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 potently competed with 3H-PGE2 for the binding sites of gastric mucosa, whereas PGA2, PGF2 alpha, 6-keto PGF1 alpha and thromboxane B2 were less potent. The gastric mucosa prepared from the rabbits given indomethacin (5 mg/kg s.c. three times) showed a lower Kd (2.47 +/- 0.19 nM) for 3H-PGE2 than that from untreated one. Treatment with a PGE1 analog, misoprostol (320 micrograms/kg s.c. three times) lowered the Bmax to 74.1 +/- 2.4 fmol/mg protein without any significant effect on the Kd value. It is concluded that rabbit gastric mucosa has specific binding sites for 3H-PGE2 which may be modulated by the levels of PGs in vivo.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1990

The inhibitory effect of quinacrine on contractile responses to norepinephrine in isolated rabbit aorta.

1. In rabbit aorta, quinacrine, but not indomethacin nor nordihydroguaiaretic acid, inhibited contractile responses to norepinephrine and KCl. Amiloride and nifedipine did not affect the effect of quinacrine. 2. In Ca2(+)-free medium, quinacrine (3 x 10(-6)-10(-4) M) inhibited the norpinephrine response less than that to a subsequent addition of Ca2+. 3. M&B 22, 948, nitroglycerin and forskolin inhibited the Ca2+ response. The effect of quinacrine was inhibited by M&B 22,948, but not by forskolin and potentiated by nitroglycerin. 4. Quinacrine and M&B 22,948 potentiated the nitroglycerin-relaxation. The effect of quinacrine plus M&B 22,948 was not different from that of quinacrine. 5. These results indicate that the effect of quinacrine may be different from that of nifedipine but is related to cGMP.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1990

Glucose, free fatty acid and ketone body metabolism in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

We examined how the substances, especially glucose, free fatty acids (FFA) and ketone bodies, and hormones associated with energy metabolism change with the disease progress in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Serum creatine kinase (CK) activity was used as an index of the stage of DMD, because this activity is exponentially decreases with the progress of the disease. The glucose concentration in DMD patients with CK activity of less than 1,000 U/l (low CK) was significantly lower than that in controls, although there was no significant difference between that in DMD patients with CK activity of more than 1,00 U/l (high CK) and that in controls. The FFA concentration in both high CK and low CK patients was significantly higher than that in controls. The FFA concentration in low CK patients tended to be higher than that in high CK patients. The ketone body concentration in low CK patients was significantly higher than that in controls and that in high CK patients. The [glucagon]:[insulin] ratio in low CK patients was significantly higher than that in controls and that in high CK patients. It was also observed in a correlational study that the glucose concentration decreased with the age and the decrease in CK activity, i.e., with the progress of DMD. The FFA and ketone body concentrations increased with the decrease in the glucose concentration. The decrease in the glucose concentration may be due to a caloric shortage and/or degenerated muscle, which cannot supply enough gluconeogenic substrates, such as alanine. The kinetics of insulin and glucagon in DMD may help to maintain the glucose metabolism. Increased concentrations of FFA and ketone bodies may be helpful in the advanced stage of DMD, as energy sources and as substrates, sparing muscle protein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Pituitary adenomas and normal pituitary tissue: enhancement patterns on gadopentetate-enhanced MR imaging.

A dynamic study of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to obtain successive heavily T1-weighted coronal images (spin-echo [SE] 100/15 [repetition time msec/echo time msec]) of normal pituitary glands and pituitary adenoma immediately after patients were given an intravenous bolus injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. The images were obtained every minute for 5-8 minutes at 1.5 T. Usual T1-weighted images (SE 600/15) were also obtained before and after the dynamic study was performed. The study group consisted of 18 patients, 10 with normal pituitary glands, and eight with pituitary adenoma. Normal pituitary glands showed maximum enhancement on the first or second image following the administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine, followed by gradual signal reduction through the later images, whereas pituitary adenomas reached a peak of enhancement later and showed slower signal reduction than normal pituitaries. The difference of enhancement patterns between the normal pituitary gland and the pituitary adenoma produced prominent image contrast on the first or second image after administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine, which improved the visualization of one microadenoma and four normal pituitary glands that had been displaced by large adenomas. Dynamic MR imaging is a useful diagnostic procedure not only for detection of microadenomas, but also for visualization of pituitary glands that have been displaced by large pituitary adenomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Hyperthyrotropinemia in a neonate with normal thyroid hormone levels: the earliest diagnostic clue for pseudohypoparathyroidism.

A neonatal case of hyperthyrotropinemia is described in association with pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP). This girl was found to have high serum thyrotropin (TSH) on screening, though serum thyroid hormones were within the normal ranges throughout the observation. The patient's TSH remained above the normal limit until 5 years of age, when she suffered from hypocalcemic tetany and was diagnosed as type-1 PHP on the basis of responsiveness to parathyroid hormone. She also had stigmata of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy. The results demonstrate that elevated TSH, although thyroid hormone concentrations are normal and medication is not indicated, may be one of the earliest diagnostic clues for PHP.

Calcium↗
PubMed1990

The effect of long term ethanol intake on the parotid gland in rats.

To elucidate the effects of long term ethanol intake on the parotid gland, light and electron microscopic observations of the parotid glands from male Wistar rats that had been given 20% ethanol ad lib instead of water were carried out. The findings were compared with the changes in the pancreas previously reported (Kakizaki et al. 1987). The results were as follows: (1) Severe lesions involving lobular units of the parotid gland were found in three rats exposed to ethanol. (2) From the early stages of ethanol ingestion, the lateral interdigitations of acinar cells widened irregularly. In the striated ducts, basal enfoldings became also irregular and short, while the mitochondria (which were a slender rod shape and arranged parallel to the basal enfoldings in control rats) became swollen, developed a dark matrix, a decrease in the cristae, and showed random arrangement. (3) Later, both tortous proliferation of the intercalated ducts and destruction as well as irregular lamination of the basal lamina of the striated ducts were observed frequently. (4) The animals developing severe morphological changes in the pancreas following ethanol ingestion were different from the animals developing severe changes in the parotid gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Meiotic maturation of bovine oocytes in vitro: improvement of meiotic competence by dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate.

The present study was undertaken to determine the precise stage of growth at which the ability to resume meiosis is acquired in bovine oocytes. Oocytes of various sizes were isolated from ovaries by mechanical dissection using an 18-gauge needle followed by a razor blade. This method yielded an average of 26.2 +/- 7.4 growing and fully grown oocytes from an ovary. Cumulus-enclosed oocytes were cultured in vitro in tissue culture medium 199 containing 10% fetal calf serum. Oocytes less than or equal to 90 microns in diameter did not resume meiosis. However, germinal vesicle breakdown was observed in oocytes whose diameters exceeded 91 microns. Polar body formation was observed in oocytes with diameters exceeding 101 microns. About 80% of the oocytes with diameters greater than or equal to 121 microns were able to extrude the polar body. The percentage of large oocytes (101 to 120 microns) with first polar body increased when incubated in medium containing dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate; however, oocytes 90 to 101 microns did not extrude the first polar body even when cultured in a medium containing dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. These observations indicate that the capability to resume meiosis is acquired gradually during development of oocytes and that dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate can improve the meiotic competence of bovine oocytes in culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Membrane stabilizing effect of vitamin E: existence of a hydrogen bond between alpha-tocopherol and phospholipids in bilayer liposomes.

In order to elucidate the existence of a hydrogen bond between alpha-tocopherol and phospholipids in bilayer liposomes, the effects of the presence or absence of alpha-tocopherol or its acetate on either the permeability of liposomes to chromate ions or the fluidity of liposomes composed of the different kinds of lecithin [egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EPC), 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine (OPPC), or 1-O-oleyl-2-O-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine (OPPCE)] were examined. From the results obtained, it was concluded that the hydroxyl group of alpha-tocopherol is hydrogen bonded to the carbonyl group of a fatty acid ester in the phospholipids of bilayer liposomes in order to retain alpha-tocopherol molecule in the space close to the surface of membranes formed by the unsaturated fatty acid moiety of phospholipids.

Chromates↗
PubMed1990

Phagocytic and bactericidal activities of leukocytes in whole blood from atomic bomb survivors.

This study evaluated the phagocytic and bactericidal activities of peripheral blood leukocytes from Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors for Staphylococcus aureus. The data were analyzed by multiple linear regression for age, sex, radiation exposure, city of exposure, and neutrophil counts. No significant radiation effect was observed for either blood phagocytic or bactericidal activities. The only significant variable for these functions was the neutrophil count.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical studies on aztreonam in perinatal use].

Clinical effects of aztreonam (AZT), a monobactam antibiotic, on perinatal infections were studied with the following results: 1. Efficacy rate of AZT in the clinical application to 12 cases of perinatal infections via 2-4 g/day drip infusion (total dosage 8-24 g) was 91.7% (11/12). Breakdown of the effects according to diseases were "excellent" for mastitis (n = 3), pyelonephritis (n = 1) and urinary tract infection (n = 1), and "good" for a total of 6 cases, i.e., amnionitis (n = 2), amniotic fluid infections (n = 3) and external genital infection (n = 1). 2. Results of bacteriological studies were "eradicated" (n = 1), "replaced" (n = 4), "appeared" (n = 2) and "unknown" (n = 5). MIC values of AZT (10(6) cells/ml) were in a range of 25- greater than 100 micrograms/ml in 1 case of cervicitis (complicated with amnionitis) in the 13th week of pregnancy where AZT was found non-effective. 3. Neither subjective nor objective side effects nor abnormal clinical values were observed during the treatment with AZT.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of leprechaunism with disorders of insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I)/somatomedin C(SMC) binding protein and its receptor].

Leprechaunism is a rare genetic disorder characterized by physical abnormalities, intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, poorly developed subcutaneous fat and muscle at birth, and early death. This patient, who was a 1.5 year-old female with typical clinical features of leprechaunism, had relatively high levels of plasma GH and IGF-I/SMC but no glucose intolerance or insulin resistance. Studies were undertaken to elucidate (1) the differences among some kinds of methods for IGF-I/SMC measurement, (2) the distribution patterns of IGF-I/SMC between two kinds of its binding protein (SMBP) in plasma, and (3) the dynamics of IGF-I/SMC receptor in her erythrocytes and liver microsomal membranes. The results were as follows: (1) The level of IGF-I/SMC measured by Nichols radioimmunoassay kit was 1.33U/ml, which was higher than that of infants the same age. Conversely, it was lower than that of the control which was measured by radioimmunoassay using recombinant IGF-I/SMC after acid-ethanol or Seppak C18 extraction. (2) By Sephadex G150 gel-chromatography, immunoreactive IGF-I/SMC was eluted predominantly in 150K region, and two apparent peaks of unsaturated somatomedin binding protein (USBP) were determined in a neonatal infant (appropriate to date), a normal adult and an infant of the same age as this patient. On the other hand, immunoreactive IGF-I/SMC was located only in the fractions corresponding to 40K region, and only one peak of USBP could be estimated in the region of 40K dalton. (3) The IGF-I/SMC receptor in the patient's erythrocytes possessed significantly lower binding affinity but higher binding capacity in comparison with that of the normal neonate and adult. In addition, the receptor in liver microsomal membranes obtained from this patient at autopsy also indicated lower affinity but higher capacity than that of fetuses at more than 19 weeks of gestation. This was coincident to that of fetuses less than 19 weeks of gestation. These results suggested that this patient resembled the intrauterine fetus before midgestation not only in the co-relationship among GH, IGF-I/SMC and its binding proteins, but also in the characteristics of its receptor. The severe growth retardation existing in this patient may be, at least partly, due to the abnormality and/or immaturity of IGF-I/SMC function. It is speculated that leprechaunism could be classified in relation to fetal growth mechanism by aspects of biological functions of IGF-I/SMC during development.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

Strain differences of the light-dark preference in inbred rats.

The present study examined strain differences in the light-dark preference among four strains of rats. The test was done in the home-cage situation under 12L:12D cycles. Data from four strains were compared: BN/Kyo, BDIX/Nem, Wistar/Nu, and F344/NSlc. These strains differed in the light-dark preference measured by the ratio of the time spent in the field area of the home cage during the light period. BN/Kyo and BDIX/Nem spent the most time (approx. 23%) in the field during the light period, while F344/NSlc spent the least time (approx. 5%). Wistar/Nu fell between the two (approx. 12%).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Transient carnitine-responsive medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria in an infant with cholestasis, hypoglycemia and cardiac failure.

In a cholestatic infant showing hypoglycemia and cardiac failure, non-ketotic medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria was disclosed by urinary organic acid analysis. As urinary excretion of long-chain fatty acids was also increased, a defect in beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids appeared likely. To try to improve this abnormality, carnitine supplements were given, which led to the complete resolution of clinical and laboratory abnormalities. This is the first reported case of a cholestatic infant who responded to carnitine supplementation. Deficiency of carnitine palmitoyl transferase was suspected as the underlying cause.

Carnitine↗