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Biomedical subjects

M Kurihara

Publications and source records attributed to M Kurihara.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Home administration of anti-cancer drug with Baxter infusor].

Baxter infusor was evaluated for the degree of its safeness, and effectiveness, to use in a chemotherapy. The study covered a total of 36 cases, each receiving an average 11 days of care under this therapy. In seventeen of those cases, the patient had received outpatient care, or had spent day and night at their homes. In nine of the total 36 cases, the infusor had been set for use by the patients or by their family. Results were evaluated with a focus on three factors: the patients' quality of life, the infusor's ease of use and its comparability to conventional systems. As to quality of life, those patients generally appreciated the infusor as an improvement to conventional systems with 10 of them citing "an ability to live with their family", 16 citing "freedom to move around", and 35 citing "satisfying functional performance", as reasons for their favorable acceptance. 97% of the patients had found the infusor easy to use, and all had found it simpler and easier to use than the conventional system. Their overall rating for the infusor was "good" to "excellent" in 97% of the cases. And 33 out of the 36 patients thought the infusor safe and effective if used at the homes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinical effects of cepharanthin (Ceph.) on leukopenia by chemotherapy in lung cancer patients.

In order to examine the clinical efficacy of cepharanthin (Ceph.) for preventing leukopenia caused by chemotherapy in lung cancer patients, a randomized trial was carried out. Subjects were 45 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving initial treatment with cisplatin (CDDP) +adriamycin (ADM) +mitomycin C (MMC). Ceph. was given at a dose of 1 mg/kg to the administration group (Ceph. group) and changes in the peripheral leukocyte count were examined in both the Ceph. and non-Ceph. groups. The Ceph. group showed a reduction in the number of cases with a count nadir less than 3,000/microliters (p less than 0.05), a shortening of the time that leukocyte counts stayed under 2,000/microliters, corresponding to the time in which granulocyte counts were less than 500/microliters (p less than 0.05), and also a reduction of the time for leukocyte counts to recover from nadir to 2,000 or 3,000/microliters (p less than 0.05) measured from the commencement of chemotherapy. These results suggest that administration of Ceph. has an antileukopenic effect in anticancer treatment, and makes it possible to reduce the period of risk for infection, allowing effective regimens to be administered repeatedly in shorter intervals.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Endothelin-triggered brain damage under hypoglycemia evidenced by real-time monitoring of dopamine release from rat striatal slices.

The role of endothelin in the pathogenesis of hypoglycemic brain damage in rats was evaluated using an in vitro model with which we could directly monitor the release of dopamine from striatal slices. There was no evidence of impairment in case of non-exposure of the slices to endothelin during 20-40 min of hypoglycemia. The response all but disappeared in striatal slices stimulated with endothelin 10(-5) M twice during 20 min of hypoglycemia. Endothelin-triggered hypoglycemic damage was not observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ or in the presence of nifedipine 10(-6) M. Our findings provide strong evidence that endothelin is one etiological factor in the development of hypoglycemic/ischemic brain injury, as a result of interaction with specific receptors which activate the voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

Multiple types of receptors for atrial natriuretic peptide.

The binding of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to olfactory bulb, pituitary anterior lobe and thymus gland membranes was examined. [125I]ANP (rat, 99-126) bound specifically to the three types of membranes. However, the affinity for ANP receptor in olfactory bulb was much higher than those in either pituitary or thymus gland. Competitive inhibition of cold ANP (rat, 99-126) with [125I]ANP binding sites on olfactory bulb membranes gave a value of 796 +/- 80 pM (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 4) as a dissociation constant (Kd) of cold ANP (rat, 99-126), while on pituitary and thymus membranes, the competitive curve gave a value of 9.3 +/- 0.4 nM (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 3) and 25.5 +/- 2.2 nM (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 6) as a Kd of cold ANP (rat, 99-126), respectively. Furthermore, a truncated ANP fragment (rat, 111-126) did not inhibit the [125I]ANP binding in olfactory bulb, while this peptide fragment inhibited the [125I]ANP binding in either pituitary or thymus gland with affinities only 2- to 4-fold less potent than ANP (rat, 99-126). These data indicate the possibility of the existence of multiple types of ANP receptors. We propose alpha-receptor in olfactory bulb and beta-receptor in either pituitary anterior lobe or thymus gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[MR imaging of the bone marrow using short TI IR. Part 1--Normal and pathological intensity distribution of the bone marrow].

Normal vertebral bone marrow intensity distribution and its alteration in various anemias were evaluated on short TI IR sequences. Material consists of 73 individuals, 48 normals and 25 anemic patients excluding neoplastic conditions. All normal and reactive hypercellular bone marrow revealed characteristic intensity distribution; marginal high intensity and central low intensity, corresponding well to normal distribution of red can yellow marrows and their physiological or reactive conversion between red and yellow marrows. Aplastic anemia did not reveal normal intensity distribution presumably due to autonomous condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[MR imaging of the bone marrow using short TI IR. Part 2--Normal and pathological intensity distribution of the bone marrow].

Bone marrow pathology of hematological neoplasms was evaluated using short TI IR sequences and T2 weighted STIR (IR 1500/100/40, IR 1500/100/80). Material consisted of 49 individuals including 10 leukemias, 5 myelofibroses and 30 multiple myelomas. On IR 1500/100/40, all cases revealed heterogenously or diffusely high intensity. On IR 1500/100/80, both of acute and chronic myelocytic leukemias revealed definite signal decrease, while chronic lymphocytic leukemia, myelofibrosis and multiple myeloma showed no obvious signal decrease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Receptor autoradiographic analysis of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) binding sites in rat forebrain and pituitary gland.

1. Specific 125I-labeled insulin-like growth factor-I [( 125I] IGF-I) binding sites in the rat forebrain and pituitary gland were investigated using quantitative receptor autoradiography. 2. High densities of [125I]IGF-I binding sites were present in the olfactory nerve layer, olfactory glomerular layer, choroid plexus, CA3 and CA4 of the hippocampus, basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, and endopiriform nucleus. Moderate to high binding densities were found in the cerebral cortex (II, VI), bed nucleus stria terminalis, accumbens nucleus, lateral septum, median preoptic nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, and ventroposterior thalamic nucleus. In the circumventricular organs, subfornical organ, vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, and median eminence, the binding sites were numerous. High densities of [125I]IGF-I binding sites were also observed in the anterior pituitary gland. 3. In kinetic experiments, [125I]IGF-I binding sites in the olfactory glomerular layer, choroid plexus, median eminence, and anterior pituitary gland were found to be single and of a high affinity. 4. Noteworthy was the difference in the potency of insulin in inhibiting the binding among the areas examined, a finding which suggests heterogeneity of IGF-I receptors. 5. The possibility that IGF-I plays the role of a neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulator in the central nervous system warrants further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Receptor autoradiographic localization of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) binding sites in human fetal and adult adrenal glands.

We report here the first evidence of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) binding sites in human fetal and adult adrenal glands, obtained at autopsy. Sections of tissue were incubated with 0.1 nM [125I]IGF-I and analyzed using [3H]Ultrofilm autoradiography with image analysis coupled to computerized microdensitometry. Specific binding sites of [125I]IGF-I were found to be localized in the definitive zone, fetal zone, and fetal medulla of the fetal adrenal glands. In the adult adrenal glands, the entire cortex and medulla were specifically labeled with [125I]IGF-I. Specific binding obtained at a concentration of 0.1 nM [125I]IGF-I to areas in the fetal and adult human adrenal glands was competitively displaced by unlabeled IGF-I, with an IC50 value of 0.34-2.54 nM, and 0.38-0.73 nM, respectively, whereas insulin was much less potent in displacing the binding. Acquisition of this knowledge will aid in studies on cell growth and steroid-catecholamines biosynthesis of the human adrenal gland.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1989

Clinical efficacy of carbamazepine in affective, schizoaffective, and schizophrenic disorders.

The therapeutic effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) were evaluated in 103 patients with affective disorders, 54 with schizophrenic disorders, and 26 with schizoaffective disorders by a multi-institutional open study. The rate of marked and moderate improvement was 72.8% in affective disorders, 54.6% in schizophrenic disorders, and 61.5% in schizoaffective disorders. Symptom items of the Clinical Psychopharmacology Research Group rating scale for mania showed significant improvement in the patients with affective disorders as well as in those of the other two groups. In the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale as applied to patients with schizophrenic or schizoaffective disorders, symptom items related to affect and emotion showed significant improvement. The antimanic efficacy of CBZ was also noted in many poor responders to lithium. Side-effects were observed in 82 patients (44.8%), and abnormal laboratory findings in 37 patients (44.8%), and abnormal laboratory findings in 37 patients. The present study seems to confirm the usefulness of CBZ for the treatment of affective disorders and in some cases, of schizophrenic and schizoaffective disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Short-term therapeutic prognosis of cognitive impairment with cerebrovascular diseases in chronic stages].

Utilizing data from seven independent double-blind controlled trials for cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) in chronic stages, a study was performed to describe the short-term prognosis of cognitive impairment with CVD patients and to identify correlating factors. 943 patients out of 2,818 with CVD (cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage and brain arteriosclerosis) were selected. The subjects had more than moderate intellectual deterioration, i.e., less than 21.5 points on Hasegawa's dementia scale (HDS) at the baseline of the trials. The improvement rate was estimated at 11% (102/943) with more than a 10 point change on HDS in 8 weeks and 34% (322/943) with more than a 5 point change. Long duration of illness, old age, severe initial global severity rating and severe initial cognitive impairment were correlated significantly with aggravation of cognitive impairment. However, sex, type of CVD, complication and rehabilitation were not markedly related with aggravation. In addition, it appeared clear that there was a tendency of improving cognitive impairment on patients with severe subjective symptoms (vertigo, headache, dull headache, feeling of congestion), anxiety, irritability in consequence of the covariance analysis of adjusting for duration of illness, age, global severity and initial cognitive impairment. On the other hand, incontinence, impairment of activities of daily living (excretion), motor weakness and low total protein correlated significantly with aggravation. These findings might be explained on the basis of changes in stages from reversible to irreversible with cognitive impairment, the contribution of aging and the influence of peripheral symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of insulin-like growth factor I and epidermal growth factor receptors in meningioma.

Receptors for insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were localized and characterized in eight samples of human meningioma (four fibrous, two meningothelial, and two angioblastic types), using quantitative autoradiographic techniques. Effects of both growth factors on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in the cultured meningioma cells were examined. High numbers of specific binding sites for both IGF-I and EGF were homogeneously present in tissue sections derived from fibrous and meningothelial types of meningiomas, whereas binding sites for these growth factors were not detectable in adjacent leptomeninges. While relatively large numbers of IGF-I binding sites were located in the wall of the intratumoral vasculature, the number of binding sites in the stromal component was lower in angioblastic-type meningiomas, including a low number of EGF binding sites detected only in the stromal portion. Scatchard analysis revealed the presence of a single class of high-affinity binding sites for both IGF-I and EGF in the meningiomas examined (dissociation constant (Kd) = 0.6 to 2.9 nM, and the maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) = 16 to 80 fmol/mg for IGF-I; and Kd = 0.6 to 4.0 nM, Bmax = 3 to 39 fmol/mg for EGF). Both growth factors increased the synthesis of DNA, in a dose-dependent manner, as measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation. The combination of IGF-I and EGF synergistically stimulated the synthesis of DNA, and the effects seen with 10% fetal bovine serum could be reproduced at a concentration of 10(-10) M. These observations can be interpreted to mean that both IGF-I and EGF may be involved in the growth modulation of meningiomas, possibly through paracrine or autocrine mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Validity of estimating left ventricular relaxation and filling dynamics by Doppler trans-mitral flow].

To evaluate the validity of estimating left ventricular (LV) diastolic function using the Doppler transmitral flow profile, the relationship of transmitral flow to LV relaxation and LV filling dynamics was observed. A total of 54 subjects, including patients with ischemic heart disease, idiopathic cardiomyopathy, and normal persons were examined. LV filling dynamics were assessed in 20 of them who had no regional wall motion abnormality or irregular LV geometry. Peak velocity of rapid filling (R) and acceleration of rapid filling (AR) at the mitral annular level were measured as indices of transmitral flow during the rapid filling period. LV relaxation was evaluated according to the time constant of LV isovolumic pressure decline (T) using the method of Weiss et al. The correlation coefficient between R and T was -0.27 and that between AR and T was -0.16, indicating lack of correlations. The v-wave of pulmonary wedge pressure (PWPv) was measured as an index for left atrial driving pressure during the rapid LV filling period. Multiple regression analyses of R or AR as dependent variables and T and PWPv as independent variables revealed significant correlations (r = 0.66 and r = 0.59). The peak transit rate (PTR = R/TVI) and atrial transit fraction (ATF = TVIa/TVI) were determined from the time integral of the transmitral flow velocity (TVI = time velocity integral during diastole, TVIa = time velocity integral during the atrial contraction phase). Also, the peak filling rate (PFR) during the rapid filling and atrial filling fraction (AFF) were determined by left ventriculography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Expression of insulin-like growth factor I receptors in human brain tumors: comparison with epidermal growth factor receptor by using quantitative autoradiography].

By using quantitative autoradiographic techniques, receptors for insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were analyzed in 13 samples of human brain tumors (4 low grade astrocytomas, 7 glioblastomas, 1 anaplastic ependymoma and 1 medulloblastoma). High number of specific binding sites for IGF-I and EGF were homogeneously present in tissue sections derived from glioblastoma. In low grade astrocytoma, relatively high numbers of binding site for EGF were observed, but there was no significant difference in concentrations of IGF-I binding sites between tumors and control cortex. In medulloblastoma, only IGF-I binding sites were present. These observations might indicate that both IGF-I and EGF are involved in the growth modulation of human gliomas possibly through paracrine or autocrine mechanisms. Antagonists to growth factors or monoclonal antibody against those receptors could have the way for therapeutic application for gliomas.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1989

[Expression of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors in primary non-glial human brain tumors].

The expression of IGF-I and EGF receptors in the primary non-glial brain tumors (8 meningiomas, 2 neurinomas, 1 hemangioblastoma, 2 primary malignant lymphomas) was analyzed by using in vitro quantitative autoradiographic techniques. Specific binding sites for IGF-I were co-localized with those for EGF in the meningiomas and the hemangioblastoma examined. However, in the neurinomas and the malignant lymphomas, only IGF-I binding sites were present. In addition, IGF-I and EGF synergistically increased 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA synthesis by the primary cultured meningioma cells, in dose-dependent manner. These observations can be interpreted to mean that both IGF-I and EGF may exist as autocrine or paracrine peptides involved in the growth not only of glioma but also of non-glial brain tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Beneficial effects of glucagon-insulin infusion on hepatic protein synthesis and DNA synthesis in partial hepatic ischemia].

To study the effects of glucagon-insulin (G-I) infusion on protein synthesis and DNA synthesis in a condition with partial hepatic ischemia, G-I or saline was infused via portal vein for 40 minutes before and after a period of partial hepatic ischemia or following a period of partial hepatic ischemia. Protein synthesis was measured by 14C-leucine incorporation into proteins in incubated liver slices and DNA synthesis by 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA. Protein synthesis in the postischemic liver was significantly recovered faster and more completely in G-I treated rats. G-I infusion enhanced the DNA synthesis of postischemic liver significantly, peaking 48 hours after the period of partial hepatic ischemia. However, the dosage of G-I infused in this investigation couldn't increase the hepatic tissue blood flow measured by hydrogen gas clearance method. On the histological examination, mitotic index was significantly higher in G-I treated group than in control. These results suggest that G-I infusion could be beneficial effects on the liver in situation with partial ischemic injury and that G-I infusion could remarkably augment hepatic tissue repair following ischemic damage.

Animals↗