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Biomedical subjects

M Kurihara

Publications and source records attributed to M Kurihara.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Mortality statistics of major causes of death among atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima Prefecture from 1968 to 1982.

A comparative study was made on mortality during a 15-year period from 1968 to 1982 between atomic bomb survivors resident in Hiroshima Prefecture and non-exposed controls. The mortality rate for all causes of death was lower in atomic bomb survivors than in the non-exposed, but the rate was higher among those directly exposed within about 1 km than in the non-exposed. The mortality rate for malignant neoplasms was higher in atomic bomb survivors than in the non-exposed, but that for cerebrovascular disease and heart disease was lower. In examining the rate for malignant neoplasms by site, the sites showing a high mortality rate among atomic bomb survivors were almost identical to the results of the Life Span Study. For these sites, the shorter the exposure distance the higher was the mortality rate. The rate for malignant neoplasms of the uterus and stomach, and leukemia was unnaturally high among early entrants whose period after issuance of atomic bomb survivor's health handbook was short. In observing the atomic bomb survivors by the level of family destruction due to the bombing as a socio-economic factor, a tendency was observed for the mortality rate for malignant neoplasms, diseases of blood and blood-forming organs, and peptic ulcer, to be higher among survivors with severe family destruction.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1988

Receptor autoradiographic evidence of specific brain natriuretic peptide binding sites in the porcine subfornical organ.

Specific binding sites of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a newly discovered peptide in the subfornical organ (SFO) of porcine brain were investigated, following incubation of related tissue sections with 125I-BNP, then using autoradiography and an image analysis coupled with computer-assisted microdensitometry. Specific 125I-BNP binding sites were found to be localized in the SFO, an area densely labeled by 125I-alpha-rat atrial natriuretic peptide and 125I-(Sar1,Ile8)-angiotensin II. Specific 125I-BNP binding to the SFO was displaced by unlabeled BNP, with a high affinity, and was calculated to be Ka = 0.385 x 10(-9) M and Bmax = 40.1 fmol/mg using a LIGAND computer program. Acquisition of these present findings enhances our knowledge of the physiology of BNP, atrial natriuretic peptides and angiotensin II system in the SFO.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Specific atrial natriuretic peptide binding sites in rat cerebral capillaries.

We examined the specific rat 125I-alpha-rat atrial natriuretic peptide(1-28)[ANF-(99-126)] (125I-rANP) binding sites in the cerebral capillaries from the cerebral cortex of male adult Wistar rats. The binding of 125I-rANP at 37 degrees C was saturable and of high affinity with a Kd of approximately 100 pM and Bmax of 152 fmol/mg protein. Divalent cations, Mn2+ (2.2 mM) and Ca2+ (1.8 mM) potently inhibited the binding. The rank order for inhibition of the binding was rANP, alpha-human ANP and ANF-(101-126) greater than ANF-(103-126) and ANF-(103-125)"ANF-(103-123). These data on specific binding sites of ANP in cerebral capillaries suggest a possible role for ANP in the blood-brain permeability of water and electrolytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide binding sites in the rat choroid plexus are increased in the presence of hydrocephalus.

Specific alpha-rat atrial natriuretic peptide(1-28) [ANF-(99-126)] (rANP) binding sites in the choroid plexus of rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus were analyzed following incubation of related tissue sections with 125I-rANP, then using autoradiography and an image analysis coupled with computer-assisted micro-densitometry. The number of 125I-rANP binding sites in the choroid plexus of these rats was significantly higher, as compared to findings in the control rats, whereas no differences in the binding affinity were observed, 3 days and 3 weeks after the intracisternal injection of kaolin. The possibility that atrial natriuretic peptide may play a significant role in the function of cerebrospinal fluid production by interacting with specific, high affinity receptors in the rat choroid plexus has to be considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Autoradiographic quantification of vasoactive intestinal peptide binding sites in sections from human blood mononuclear cell pellets.

Quantitative autoradiographic methods were utilized to characterize specific, high-affinity vasoactive intestinal peptide binding sites (Kd = 310 +/- 60 pmol/L; Bmax = 93 +/- 11 fmol/mg protein) in frozen sections obtained from a mononuclear cell pellet derived from 20 ml of human blood. The method is at least one order of magnitude more sensitive than conventional membrane binding techniques, and it has the potential for wide applications in studies of neuropeptide, biogenic amine, and drug binding in clinical samples.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Alteration of atrial natriuretic peptide binding sites in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) binding sites were studied by quantitative autoradiography in young (4-week-old) and adult (14-week-old) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) control rats. Young SHRs had fewer ANP binding sites in the smooth muscle layer of thoracic aorta. Both young and adult SHR had undetectable ANP binding in superior cervical and stellate sympathetic ganglia, pituitary gland, thymus and spleen, and lower binding in subfornical organ and choroid plexus. Conversely, in young SHRs and WKY rats, ANP binding site density was similar in adrenal zona glomerulosa, kidney glomeruli, and papilla. The SHRs have notable tissue specific decrease in ANP binding site concentration. This alteration may relate to the pathophysiology of genetic hypertension.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Increased concentration of angiotensin II binding sites in selected brain areas of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We studied the density of the angiotensin II (Ang II) binding site in discrete brain nuclei of 4-week-old and 14-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) control rats by autoradiographic binding techniques. Tissue sections were incubated in vitro with 3 nmol/l [125I]Sar1Ang and results were analysed by computerized microdensitometry and by comparison with 125I-standards. Both young and adult SHR (aged 4 and 14 weeks, respectively) had significantly higher Ang II binding site concentrations in the median preoptic nucleus (MPO), subfornical organ (SFO), paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) when compared to age-matched WKY control rats. No significant difference was found between strains in other brain areas such as the olfactory bulb, suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCh), inferior olive (IO) and area postrema (AP). It was observed that the concentration of Ang II binding sites increased with age in PVN of both SHR and WKY, while the number of binding sites in the MPO and IO decreased with age. In SHR, alteration in Ang II binding is restricted to brain nuclei involved in the central pressor action of Ang II and seems to be related to the development and maintenance of spontaneous hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Increased angiotensin II receptors in brain nuclei of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats.

We analyzed angiotensin II (ANG II) receptors by in vitro autoradiography in selective brain nuclei of control, salt-treated (1% NaCl in drinking water), deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-treated (DOCA pivalate, 25 mg/kg sc weekly), and DOCA-salt-treated (DOCA + salt treatments) uninephrectomized male Wistar-Kyoto rats. After 4 wk of treatment, only the DOCA-salt group developed hypertension. ANG II binding increased in median preoptic nucleus and subfornical organ of salt- and DOCA-treated rats. DOCA-treated rats also showed increased ANG II binding in paraventricular nucleus. DOCA-salt-treated rats showed higher ANG II binding in nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema, as well as in the areas mentioned before. Although salt and/or DOCA treatments alone increased ANG II receptors in some brain nuclei, after combined DOCA-salt treatment there was significantly higher ANG II binding in all areas, except the median preoptic nucleus. These results suggest that increased ANG II receptors in selected brain areas may play a role in the pathophysiology of mineralocorticoid-salt experimental hypertension.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptor subtypes in the rat atrioventricular node by quantitative autoradiography.

We characterized beta-adrenoceptor subtypes in the atrioventricular node of the rat heart by quantitative autoradiography. Consecutive 16-microns-thick sections from single rat hearts containing the atrioventricular node were incubated with increasing concentrations of [125I]iodocyanopindolol. After exposure to [3H]Ultrofilm, optical densities corresponding to the atrioventricular node were determined by computerized densitometry after comparison with [125I]standards. The computer program LIGAND was used for analysis of receptor subtypes. Delineation of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes was achieved by incubating consecutive tissue sections with 50 pM [125I]iodocyanopindolol in the presence of increasing concentrations of the beta 1-selective antagonist atenolol or the beta 2-selective antagonist ICI 118,551. The atrioventricular node contains a higher concentration of beta-adrenoceptors than the adjacent interventricular septum. We estimated that the proportions of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptors in the atrioventricular node were about 56% and 44% of the total binding capacity respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Cancer chemotherapy of scirrhous type gastric cancer and evaluation of chemotherapeutic efficacy].

At present, we evaluate the effects of cancer chemotherapy for gastric cancer using for criteria the general rules for gastric cancer study. Among these rules, the draft of criteria at evaluation of chemotherapy for scirrhous type gastric cancer is mentioned. Partial response (PR) is more than 100% in the rate of enlargement of the lesion area in an upright barium-filled picture. In our 53 cases, the effective rate was 3.8% [PR 2, NC 44(MR 2), PD 7]. It is sure that enlarged cases more than 100% are effective. But, in some cases enlarged less than 100%, we found certain effects clinically. We measured the area of upright barium-filled pictures in scirrhous type gastric cancer and normal control. The average control level was 200 cm2 (160-240) and that of scirrhous type gastric cancer was 108 cm2 (40-190). Thus about half of the patients cannot become PR. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effects by improving the X-ray findings; for example wall rigidity, thickened folds and abnormal mucosal patterns in addition to the enlargement. As a result, we recognize that it is possible to evaluate by these findings. Also, the improved cases survive for a long time compared with the unchanged ones.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1988

[UFT + MMC and UFT + ACNU therapy in advanced gastric cancer].

The effects of UFT + MMC and UFT + ACNU therapy on advanced gastric cancer were compared by randomized controlled trial in 12 institutions. Unresectable and postoperatively recurrent patients were divided into PS 0-2 and 3-4 groups. After classification according to cancer spread, such as localized type, hepatic metastatic type, ascitic type and distant metastatic type, regimens of (A) UFT 375 mg/m2/day + MMC 5 mg/m2 for 1-2 W or (B) UFT + ACNU 60 mg/m2/W/x2 (with a 4-week interval) were administered for as long as possible. As a result, among a total of 104 cases, responses were recognized in 7 out of 32 cases (21.9%) treated with regimen A and in 5 out of 25 cases (20.0%) treated with regimen B, giving a total of 57 evaluable cases excluding 33 incompletely evaluated cases and 14 ineligible cases. This study therefore demonstrated no significant difference between the two regimens. The median survival of patients treated with regimen A was 120 days, and that of patients treated with regimen B, 155 days. There was no significant difference between the two regimens. As side effects, UGI symptoms were recognized in 35.4% of regimen A patients and in 37.1% of regimen B patients. Bone marrow suppression appeared in 39.6% of regimen A patients and in 54.3% of regimen B patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[The effect of naproxen on fever following transcatheter arterial embolization of hepatic tumors].

In the cases of trans-catheter arterial embolization (TAE) for hepatic malignancies, naproxen has been evaluated for its antipyretic effect. Each patient not given naproxen manifested a remarkable and prolonged fever despite treatment by antibiotics. In those who received an administration of naproxen, however, a significant suppression of fever was achieved (P 0.01-0.001). No remarkable influence was found on the white blood cell counts, the serum GOT and LDH levels by the naproxen. Similarly, no untoward effect due to naproxen was found on the ulcerogenicity in the gastro-duodenum. Thus, for hepatic malignancies, naproxen could be useful in the symptomatic treatment of a fever following a TAE.

Adult↗