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Biomedical subjects

M Kurihara

Publications and source records attributed to M Kurihara.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Randomized controlled trial of induced hypertension chemotherapy (IHC) using angiotensin II human (TY-10721) in advanced gastric carcinoma (TY-10721 IHC Study Group Report)].

A randomized controlled trial was carried out to elucidate the enhancement of chemotherapeutic effect of induced hypertension chemotherapy (IHC) using newly synthesized angiotensin II human (TY-10721) in advanced gastric carcinoma under multi-institutional cooperation. In IHC, the drugs were administered under the hypertensive state induced and maintained by the continuous infusion of TY-10721. The regimen for the trial was as follows: adriamycin (33 mg/m2, day 3), 5-fluorouracil (330 mg/m2/day through day 1 to 3, 8 to 10) and mitomycin C (5 mg/m2, day 8). It was repeated every 4 weeks. Of 67 registered cases, 62 eligible patients were randomized to either IHC arm or control arm (non-IHC) in which the drugs were administered by an ordinary i.v. injection. According to the Criteria of Japanese Society for Cancer Treatment, the response rate of IHC group was 31.3% and that of non-IHC was 6.7% with statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05; chi 2c). There were 4 CR and 6 PR in 32 eligible cases of IHC and 2 PR in 30 of non-IHC. Clinical characteristics of patients and toxicities were not different in both groups. Clinical advantage of IHC was confirmed by increase of the response rate in this trial.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Early 123I-IMP SPECT in patients with epilepsy].

Early single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using N-isopropyl-p-[123I]iodoamphetamine (123 I-IMP) was performed in seventy-one patients with epilepsy admitted to Kanagawa Rehabilitation Hospital from July 1987 to February 1989; epilepsy and epileptic syndrome 27, encephalitis/encephalopathy 10, clinical Reye syndrome 3, cerebro-vascular disorders 8, sequelae of head trauma 4, cerebral palsy 5, brain anomaly 4, others 10. We classified these cases according to the 1989 criteria of the International League Against Epilepsy, and compared with the findings of the SPECT studies with the EEG and CT. In idiopathic epilepsy, the SPECT findings were within normal limits. Abnormal foci on EEG were not correlated with low uptake areas on SPECT. In the symptomatic epilepsy, especially in the West and Lennox syndromes, SPECT showed a decrease in diffuse cerebral cortical blood flow during ACTH therapy. This was also seen in some cases with normal CT imaging. The results suggest that the hemodynamic pathophysiology of the brain and the indications of therapeutic effectiveness in epilepsy are shown more accurately by SPECT than CT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Respiratory care with prone position for diffuse atelectasis in critically ill patients].

Diffuse atelectasis often occurs in the dorsal region of the lung of critically ill patients under long term mechanical ventilation. Conventional physical therapies (ex. PEEP, Sigh) have little effect on diffuse dorsal atelectasis. We provided respiratory care with prone position for 7 patients with severe respiratory distress (Two patients were treated twice). Improvement of their Respiratory Indexes (RI, mean 2.97) was obtained in the prone position for 6-163 (mean 35.8) hours. Ventilation efficiency also improved. Static lung compliance didn't change. It was assumed that the prone position was the factor responsible for the improvement of pulmonary V/Q ratio, the change of movement pattern of the diaphragm, and the ease of postural drainage of sputum. There were no complications. We conclude that prone position respiratory care has high utility for critically ill patients with diffuse dorsal atelectasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Study on the clinical usefulness of NCC-ST-439 in cases of digestive tract cancer].

NCC-ST-439 is a monoclonal antibody established from human stomach cancer xenografted nude mice. The values of NCC-ST-439 were measured in 139 cases with various digestive tract cancers and 294 cases with benign digestive tract diseases with the NCC-ST-439 EIA kit (Nihon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), and its clinical usefulness was compared with those of CA19-9 and CEA. The positive rates of NCC-ST-439 in cases of digestive tract cancer were high, i.e., 66.7% for cancer of the bile duct, 58.3% for pancreatic cancer and 52.9% for colorectal cancer. In the benign digestive tract diseases, the overall positive rate seen in case of cholelithiasis and cholangitis, chronic gastritis, benign colorectal diseases and hepatitis, was only 3.7%. The positive rate of NCC-ST-439 was lower than those for CA19-9 and CEA in cases of stomach cancer, colorectal cancer and liver cancer, but it was the same as that of CA19-9 and higher than that of CEA in cases of biliary tract cancer and pancreatic cancer. The false positive rate of NCC-ST-439 in benign diseases of the digestive tract was the lowest among the three markers. With respect to sensitivity, specificity and efficiency, CA19-9 showed the highest sensitivity, but NCC-ST-439 and CEA showed better specificity than CA19-9, and NCC-ST-439 showed the highest efficiency. In combination assays using combinations of NCC-ST-439, CA19-9 and CEA, the positive rates for ST-439 alone were 22.1% for stomach cancer, 52.9% for colorectal cancer, 15.0% for liver cancer and 58.3% for pancreatic cancer, while the combined rates increased to 51.9%, 70.6%, 75.0% and 66.7%, respectively. In an investigation of changes with time in NCC-ST-439 values during chemotherapy of various types of digestive tract cancer, there was a decrease in PR cases, no change in NC cases and a tendency to increase in PD cases. These results suggested that it was possible to apply NCC-ST-439 clinically.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[MRI of splenomegaly].

Splenomegaly was evaluated by a 0.1 T MR system using multi-echo SE image. (TR = 1500 msec., TE = 40, 80 and 120 msec.) Calculated measurement of T2 relaxation time was obtained. Material consists of 32 cases including 14 liver cirrhosis, 3 chronic myelocytic leukemia, 1 malignant lymphoma and 14 normals. 1) T2 value of normal spleen measured 113.7 +/- 5.68 msec. 2) Splenomegaly due to congestion had the prolonged T2 value of 122.6 +/- 10.25 msec. 3) T2 value of splenomegaly with malignant cell infiltration such as leukemia and lymphoma were shorter than normal spleen. Good histological correlation was obtained in MRI findings of splenomegaly due to congestion and malignant cell infiltration.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Preoperative chemotherapy and anti-cancer effect of gastric carcinoma].

For the purpose of the study of macroscopical and histopathological anti-cancer effects, preoperative cancer chemotherapy was performed in 31 cases with gastric carcinoma. Gastric carcinoma with preoperative chemotherapy showed advanced cancer in 15 cases, and early cancer in 16 cases. During preoperative chemotherapy, the drug 5-Fu or 5'-DFUR was administered orally. The results were as follows; i) Macroscopical change of early cancer cases with anti-cancer chemotherapy showed the onset and healing of ulceration in the cancerous lesion and the change of granular pattern in the IIc floor. ii) Early cancer cases had a multi-centric histopathological anti-cancer effect which showed regenerative epithelium in the cancerous lesion. iii) The extent of the histopathological anti-cancer effect in advanced carcinoma showed greater in the deep layer of cancer invasion. Consequently, morphological changes of early cancer cases with chemotherapy are similar to the cases without chemotherapy. The onset of cancer damage in advanced carcinoma is in the cancer invasive zone, deep layer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Partial characterization of insulin-like growth factor I in primary human lung cancers using immunohistochemical and receptor autoradiographic techniques.

We investigated primary human lung cancers resected surgically or obtained at autopsy. Included were squamous cell carcinoma (SQC) (five cases), adenocarcinoma (ADC) (six cases), large cell carcinoma (LCC) (four cases), and small cell carcinoma (SCC) (two cases). The objective of the study was to search for the presence of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)-like immunoreactivity using immunohistochemical staining and for the localization of IGF-I binding sites, using in vitro quantitative receptor autoradiographic techniques. IGF-I-like immunostaining was present in all cases of SQC, ADC, and LCC, but not in cases of SCC. Strong immunostaining was observed in cases of SQC. On the other hand, ADC and LCC tissues showed a moderate or weak staining. Specific binding sites for IGF-I were present in all cases of SQC, ADC, LCC, and SCC examined. High densities of 125I-IGF-I binding sites were localized in cases of SQC and SCC. Low to high densities of the binding sites were found in LCC. Cases of ADC showed low densities of 125I-IGF-I binding sites. Specific binding obtained at a concentration of 80 pM 125I-IGF-I was competitively displaced by unlabeled IGF-I, with a 50% inhibitory concentration value of 1.84 +/- 0.31 x 10(-10) mol, whereas human insulin was much less potent in displacing the binding. This specificity profile is consistent with characteristics of IGF-I receptors. Scatchard analysis showed the presence of a single class of high affinity binding sites for IGF-I, with a Kd of approximately 1 nmol. Thus, the possibility that IGF-I may play a role in the growth of human lung cancers would have to be considered.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Specific [125I]brain natriuretic peptide-26 binding sites in rat and pig kidneys.

Specific binding sites for porcine brain natriuretic peptide-26 (BNP-26), a member of the atrial natriuretic peptide family (ANPs), were investigated in the kidney by using receptor autoradiographic and membrane binding techniques with [125I]BNP-26. The binding sites were discretely localized in rat and porcine kidney areas corresponding anatomically to the glomeruli and inner medulla. There were no differences between the localization of [125I]BNP-26 and [125I]alpha-rat ANP binding sites in the kidney. [125I]BNP-26 binding to solubilized membranes from isolated glomeruli of the rat kidney was saturable, and a single class of high-affinity sites was labeled with a KD of 372 pM. The radioligand bound to two sites in solubilized inner medullary membranes of the rat, a low-affinity site with a KD of 30 nM, and a high-affinity site with a KD of 33 pM. The rank order of potency to inhibit binding was BNP-26 = alpha-rat ANP-(1-28) greater than atriopeptin III (ANP-(103-126)) much greater than atriopeptin I (ANP-(103-123)) greater than des-Cys105,Cys121- ANP-(104-126). Thus, [125I]BNP-26 presumably recognizes ANP receptors in the kidney. The possibility that BNP-26 regulates, as a circulating hormone, kidney functions by binding to ANP receptors would have to be considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Clinical evaluation of diphenhydramine hydrochloride for the treatment of insomnia in psychiatric patients: a double-blind study.

The usefulness of the antihistaminic agent diphenhydramine hydrochloride was evaluated using a double-blind procedure at sleeping doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg in 144 psychiatric patients with insomnia. The general condition of the patients with insomnia was at least "slightly improved" in 62.5% (12.5-mg group), 60% (25-mg group), and 67.4% (50-mg group) after treatment with the test drug for 2 weeks. Side effects were observed in a total of 11 patients (7.6%) but were not severe. No symptoms suggestive of drug dependence were evident. Global improvement was not influenced by patient background factors except for the presence or absence of previous treatment for insomnia. The hypnotic effect of diphenhydramine hydrochloride was significantly greater in patients who had not been treated previously. A dose-dependent increase in the hypnotic effect was also seen in patients who had not received any previous treatment. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride thus appears to be effective in the treatment of insomnia, but the appropriate dosage will depend on previous medical treatment of insomnia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Experimental study of lumbar facet degeneration in monkeys.

Experiments were carried out in young adult monkeys to determine the influence of mechanical stress on degeneration of the lumbar facet joints. Eleven monkeys were used and divided into four groups, the control, upper lumbar laminectomy, discectomy and discectomy + rotation. The monkeys were given fluorochrome agents once a week. After sacrifice, undemineralised sections were studied under fluorescence microscopy. Contact microradiographs were also made. After laminectomy, subperiosteal bony proliferation was seen on the external surface of the superior and inferior articular processes. After discectomy there was localised bony proliferation on the anterior aspect of the superior articular processes. In the group with discectomy + rotation there was evidence of additional proliferation of the calcified cartilage zone at the insertion of the ligamentum flavum which had remodelled to bony tissue. We conclude that rotational stresses are mostly responsible for the development of spinal stenosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Alteration of atrial natriuretic peptide receptors in the choroid plexus of rats with induced or congenital hydrocephalus.

Specific binding sites for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in the choroid plexus of rats with induced or congenital hydrocephalus were examined using in vitro quantitative receptor autoradiographic methods. The number of 125I-ANP binding sites in the choroid plexus of rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus was significantly higher as compared to findings in the control rats, whereas no differences in the binding affinity were observed 3 days and 3 weeks after the intracisternal injection of kaolin. Conversely, rats with congenital hydrocephalus (LEW-HYR and HTX rats) had a small number of binding sites for 125I-ANP in the choroid plexus, as compared to findings in the control rats. These alterations may relate to the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus. The possibility that atrial natriuretic peptide may be involved in the regulation of cerebrospinal fluid production in the choroid plexus must be considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Localization and characterization of endothelin receptors in human gliomas: a growth factor?

Localization and characterization of endothelin receptors in surgical specimens of human gliomas (6 benign astrocytomas and 7 glioblastomas multiforme) and in normal human cortices were studied using quantitative receptor autoradiographic methods. Low numbers of [125I]endothelin-1 [( 125I]ET-1) binding sites were detected in the gray matter of the human frontal cortex, with little binding in the white matter. Conversely, relatively high numbers of [125I]ET-1 binding sites were homogeneously present in tissue sections derived from astrocytomas, whereas higher numbers of [125I]ET-1 binding sites were heterogeneously located on groups of cells with a pseudopalisading appearance and pleomorphic astrocytes in glioblastoma multiforme. Necrotic areas within the tissue sections derived from glioblastoma were devoid of binding. Binding of [125I]ET-1 to gliomas and normal gray matter was specific. Unlabeled ET-1 and its natural analogs (ET-2 and ET-3) inhibited the binding of [125I]ET-1 to these lesions in a concentration-dependent manner and with similar high potencies. Possibly related substances, such as ion channel regulators (omega-conotoxin, apamin, and tetrodotoxin), a Ca2+ channel blocker (nicardipine), and growth factors (epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor I), did not affect the binding to tissue sections derived from gliomas or from normal frontal cortices. Scatchard analysis revealed the presence of a single class and high-affinity binding sites for endothelin in normal cortex and in gliomas. There was no significant difference in the binding affinities: dissociation constants (Kd) were 2.1 +/- 0.5 nM in 6 astrocytomas, 2.5 +/- 0.4 nM in 7 glioblastomas, and 1.4 and 1.5 nM in two normal cortices.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1990

Thyroid hormone regulates rat pituitary insulin-like growth factor-I receptors.

As we previously obtained evidence that insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) inhibits T3-induced GH secretion and GH mRNA expression without affecting basal GH secretion in thyroidectomized rat pituitary cells grown in hypothyroid medium, we examined changes in IGF-I receptors in the pituitary gland, as induced by thyroid hormone. Thyroidectomized rats and a quantitative receptor autoradiographic method were used. The density of [125I]IGF-I-binding sites in the anterior pituitary gland decreased 4 weeks after thyroidectomy; that is a significant decrease in the number of the receptors compared to findings in control rats (P less than 0.01). The affinity (Kd) remained unchanged. There were no changes in binding parameters in the ventroposterior thalamic nucleus in the brain, renal cortex, and liver parenchyma. The ip administration of T4 once a day (48 micrograms/kg) for 1-2 weeks compensated for the decrease in the binding capacity of [125I]IGF-I-binding sites to that of the control values (P less than 0.01). We propose that IGF-I receptors in the anterior pituitary gland may be regulated by thyroid hormone.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Some chemical and serological properties of perchloric acid-soluble glycoproteins separated from ascitic fluid of a patient with metastatic omentum tumor from ovarian cancer].

One mol perchloric acid-soluble fraction (PASF) obtained from ascitic fluid of a patient (blood group B) with metastatic omentum tumor from ovarian cancer was a glycoprotein fraction containing 35.4% carbohydrate and exhibited A, B and Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) activities. This fraction was separated into three fractions, Frs. 1-3, by a gel filtration with Bio-Gel A-1.5 m column. Among these fractions, Fr. 1 which was obtained in a 5.5% yield to PASF, was a glycoprotein fraction with a high molecular weight, 23.3% carbohydrate and A, B and T activities. Other minor fraction, Fr. 2, and the major fraction, Fr. 3, contained 43.2% and 43.9% carbohydrate, but did not show A, B and T activities, respectively.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1990

[Localization of glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase in the liver tissue and possible mechanism of its release into blood flow].

We examined the localization of glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (GPDAP) in the liver tissue and the mechanism of its release into blood flow. An immunohistochemical study using rabbit polyclonal antibody against the purified GPDAP from human liver obtained at autopsy was performed in liver biopsy samples with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase stain technique. GPDAP staining was detected on the liver cell membrane around bile canaliculi. After treatment with deoxycholic acid (DOC) or Triton X-100, this enzyme disappeared. GPDAP was solubilized rapidly from microsome of human liver by treatment with either DOC or Triton X-100. DOC or Triton X-100 solubilized GPDAP coincided with the isozyme that was the specific isozyme in sera of patients with acute hepatitis or obstructive jaundice. These results suggest that GPDAP localizes on the liver cell membrane around bile canaliculi and that this enzyme is released by the detergent action of bile acids.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1990

[Quality of life in gastrointestinal cancer chemotherapy--from the standpoint of cancer chemotherapy].

Changes with time in quality of life (QOL) in patients who had undergone chemotherapy for various types of inoperable gastrointestinal diseases were investigated. The items studied included appetite, general feeling, sleep, fatigue, pain, familial understanding and cooperation, association with friends and colleagues, anxiety concerning the disease, expectations concerning treatment and daily life activities. These 10 items were recorded by the patients for 2-4 weeks in five grades by a combination of the analog scale and category scale methods, with the exception of association with friends and colleagues, which showed few entries, the following relations with antitumor effects were seen at the following average QOL values in the total scores for the nine items: In PR cases (n = 7), 15.6 before treatment, 19.7 during treatment and 14.8 after treatment; in NC cases (n = 11), 19.4 before treatment, 20 during treatment and 19.1 after treatment; and in PD cases (n = 4), 17.0 before treatment, 22.8 during treatment, and 22.8 after treatment. The above 10 items were surveyed simultaneously with a face scale (Arthritis and Rheumatism, Vol. 29, No,7, 906-909, 1986). Five faces considered appropriate for a five-stage evaluation were used, and the Spearman coefficient of correlation was calculated with a combination of all of the above 10 items. The face scale showed correlation in the sequence of general feeling sleep greater than activities of daily life greater than anxiety concerning the disease greater than fatigue. As a result of a nonmetric type component analysis, the data could be reduced to four dimensions with appetite, fatigue, activities of daily life, general feeling and face as the first principal component; expectations concerning treatment, understanding and cooperation of family and association with friends as the second principal component; anxiety concerning the disease and sleep as the third principal component; and pain as the fourth principal component (cumulative contribution rate: 82.38). The first principal component was investigated using a logistic regression model. As a result, the face scale could be explained by the general feeling and the daily life activities. The weight was general feeling 3 and daily life activities 1. Therefore, it appears possible to utilize sufficiently the face scale in QOL surveys of cancer patients.

Aged↗