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Biomedical subjects

M Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to M Kodama.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Biphasic change of proton magnetic relaxation times during azo-dye hepatocarcinogenesis.

For the first time, change in the proton longitudinal relaxation times (T1) of rat tissues has been examined throughout the whole process of azo-dye hepatocarcinogenesis. Two maxima of the T1 values were observed for liver, on Day 60 and after Day 120, and these changes correlated well with the changes in water content. The first peak was ascribed to the immature hepatocytes of hyperplastic nodules, and the second peak to the developed hepatoma cells. The significance of the change in T1 values as a preneoplastic change is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Relationship between epidemiologic and endocrinologic aspects of cervical cancer.

In search of etiologic relevancy of the steroid deviations in urine, we compared the reproductive activities of patients having cervical cancer with those of normal controls. A premenopausal patient experienced the birth of her first child significantly earlier than did the urban control of corresponding age, despite their similarity of age at menarche. However, when the same patient was compared with the premenopausal rural control, this differences was not found. The same parameter also failed to differentiate a postmenopausal patient from the corresponding control of urban origin. The premenopausal patient who was indistinguishable from the rural control by age at first delivery was distinguished from the rural control by reduced excretions of adrenal steroids including 11-deoxy-17 ketosteroids and some corticosteroid metabolites. The spectrum and the degree of deviation of urinary steroids for a patient coincided with the spectrum and the degree of age dependency of the urinary steroids for a normal woman during and after adolescence. These findings indicated that the inability of the reproductive parameter to discriminate a patient was associated with growth retardation in a population, and a maturation deficiency of the adrenal gland (arrest of adrenarche) was implicated in the genesis of cervical cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The effect of phenethyl alcohol on in vitro DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli.

The effect of phenethyl alcohol on DNA synthesis was examined using several in vitro systems of Escherichia coli H560; i.e., ether-treated cells, membrane fractions and folded chromosomes fortified with DNA polymerase. In all systems, the incorporation of deoxyribonucleotides was much reduced for the phenethyl alcohol-treated cells compared with the non-treated cells. The total activity of DNA polymerases in polA1 cells (mostly DNA polymerase II) was not impaired for the phenethyl alcohol-treated cells and the reduction of the rate of DNA synthesis in vitro was ascribed to the reduction of the chromosomal template activity which was related to trypsin sensitive protein components. The analysis of chromosomes from the phenethyl alcohol-treated cells revealed the remarkable reduction of a protein component of molecular weight approx. 58 000 in contrast with a protein component of molecular weight approx. 30 000.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1977

The value of urinary steroid analysis in chorionic neoplasia.

The profile of urinary neutral steroids was investigated in normal pregnancy and chorionic neoplasia by gas-liquid chromatography. The whole chramatogram was divided into three metabolically distinct fractions. The excretion of fraction 2, including four menstruation-dependent steroids (11-hydroxyandrosterone, 11-hydroxyetiocholanolone, pregnanediol, and pregnanetrial), was remarkably increased in normal pregnancy as compared with that in nonpregnant controls. But the same parameter was differentially reduced in hydatidiform mole (HM) and chorioadenoma destruens (CA) as compared with normal pregnancy, and the ratio of fraction 2 to fraction 1 (11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids) was found useful in separating normal pregnancy, HM, and CA from each other. In choriocarcinoma (CC), reduced excretion was observed in both fraction 1 and fraction 2 steroids. The linear relationship between the logarithm of fraction 2-fraction 1 ratio and that of pregnanediol excretion, as observed in the reproductive cycle of a healthy woman, was not detectable in women with CA, whose urine revealed a low value of log (fraction 2/fraction 1) in spite of an abundant HCG content. It is indicated that the above findings reflect the deficiency of ovarian steroidogenesis under the influence of abnormal HCG from tumors.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1977

Hormonal status of breast cancer. III. Further analysis of ovarian-adrenal dysfunction.

Detailed studies of urinary steroids in patients with breast cancer and normal controls have shown that abnormal aging processes and depressed corpus luteum function were associated with the presence of this form of cancer. The ratio of androsterone to tetrahydrocortisol, an index of the aging process, was significantly lower in a breast cancer group than in a normal group at both premenopausal and postmenopausal stages. In premenopausal women, the ratio decreased in the order of rural controls, urban controls, and patients with breast cancer. It was indicated that the ratio may serve as a measure of risk for breast cancer. Aside from the general depression of menstruation-dependent steroids, breast cancer was associated with disproportionately low excretions of prenanediol and pregnanetriol within the menstruation-dependent steroid family. The notion that this finding reflects the delay or complete failure of ovulation was supported by a reduced parturition rate of our patients with breast cancer as compared with that of our normal controls. The physiologic significance of steroidal disturbances was considered in relation to the genesis of breast cancer.

Adrenal Glands↗