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Biomedical subjects

M Koch

Publications and source records attributed to M Koch.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effect of sex and reproductive history on the survival of patients with colorectal cancer.

The survival rate of women with colorectal carcinoma is higher than that of men. This is true when censored survival rates are compared (P = 0.0008) as well as when relative survival rates are utilized to compensate for the increased life expectancy of females. Women never pregnant (n = 56) or women with no children (n = 66) showed survival rates similar to men, but significantly different to women with one or more children. The actual number of children, however, did not correlate with survival rates.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Studies on the chalcone synthase gene of two higher plants: petroselinum hortense and matthiola incana.

Two higher plant systems are presented which allow to study coordinated gene expression of the light-induced metabolic pathway of flavonoid biosynthesis: tissue culture cells of Petroselinum hortense (Apiaceae) and different developmental stages of various genotypes of Matthiola incana (Brassicaceae). The gene structure of the chalcone synthase is mainly studied. A cDNA clone (pLF56) of parsley has been constructed and characterized conferring the chalcone synthase gene sequence. Strong cross hybridization between the parsley cDNA and Matthiola DNA allowed to identify a HindIII fragment (6000 bp) identical in size for parsley and different Matthiola wild type lines and a mutant line.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1982

Carcinoembryonic antigen: usefulness as a postsurgical method in the detection of recurrence in Dukes stages B2 and C colorectal cancers.

Sequential carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) plasma levels were obtained postoperatively in 181 patients with colorectal Dukes stages B2 and C colorectal cancers to assess their usefulness as part of a follow-up program designed to detect disease progression. In all, 1,684 determinations were obtained in patients who were, at the time, free of any clinical or radiologic evidence of disease. If individual CEA determinations are considered and if 10 ng/ml is specified as the limit between normal and elevated CEA levels, both sensitivity (45.0%) and specificity (93.4%) make determination of CEA levels an acceptable screening test in this well-defined population, especially as it also fulfills the criteria of patient acceptance, potential benefit to the patient, and low cost. Preoperative CEA levels were also determined in 93 of the 181 patients, and these results confirm the prognostic value of the slope between preoperative and postoperative CEA levels.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1982

Further report on the endocrinological profile of 17 alpha-cyanomethyl-17 beta-hydroxy-estra-4,9(10)-diene-3-one (STS 557) in rodents.

STS 557, a new orally active progestin with antifertility properties has been tested for uterotrophic, antiuterotrophic, vaginotrophic, and antiovulatory effects. Further, maintenance of pregnancy in ovariectomized mice, influence on pregnancy in mice and rats, and conditioning of the immature rat uterus for decidual response were investigated. Both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities in mice and rats were found to be very low. STS 557 fails to maintain pregnancy in ovariectomized animals but does not interfere with pregnancy in intact mice if implantation already took place. Moreover, no effects have been found regarding the influence on the first ovulation in prepuberal rats. The biological profile of STS 557 in animals seems to make this compound suitable for use as a post-coital contraceptive.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effect of screening on the incidence of cervical cancer in Alberta.

The rates of registration of cases of in-situ and invasive cancer of the cervix in Alberta have fallen for women aged 35 and over since the introduction of screening in the early 1960s, as predicted by theory and described in Finland. However, for women aged 15 to 34 years of age the predicted pattern was followed only initially: the registration rate for in-situ and probably also invasive cancer increased after 1973. This could be due to an actual increase in the incidence of in-situ cancer of the cervix among younger women, as might be expected from the epidemiologic aspects of the disease, but it might also be due to increased recruitment of younger women to the screening program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Carcinoembryonic antigen levels as an indicator of the primary site in metastatic disease of unknown origin.

In 542 patients with metastatic disease arising from a known primary site, elevated CEA levels (greater than 10 ng/ml) were most often associated with metastatic disease originating from entodermally derived organs, breast, and mucinous ovarian primaries. This observation held true, in general, in a small series of 32 patients with metastatic disease arising from a primary site that had been unknown, but that was identified. Thus, although a CEA level below 10 ng/ml is of no use in pointing to a particular primary site, a value above 10 ng/ml suggests the site is more likely to be in an entodermally derived organ, breast or ovary containing a mucinous carcinoma. If liver metastases are present, there is an increased probability that the primary site will be found in the large bowel or pancreas.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1981

[Evaluation and reintegration of disabled people (author's transl)].

Medical assessment of a disability, and of the disabled person's performance profile, are necessary for identifying a need for rehabilitative measures, and as one of the sources of information required for individual rehabilitation programming. Assessment of this kind may be sufficient for the multitude of clear-cut rehabilitation problems to be considered provided that due regard is paid to the final goal of any rehabilitative actin which is not medical or vocational but to compensate for those consequences of impairment and disability that make up for social handicap. Persons with severe or multiple disabilities, especially in the case of progressive impairments, require a more indepth and multidisciplinary evaluation on the basis of prolonged and, if necessary, repeated medical rehabilitation measures. The approach in existence at the rehabilitation centre of Cologne University, which has been forming over almost 20 years, is used to describe the process of medical, social, and prevocational assessment in various training areas, the coordination and documentation of the final evaluation, and the indispensable verification of rehabilitation prognoses through long-term follow-up. Notwithstanding growing difficulties faced in vocational resettlement and increasingly severe impairments in the rehabilitees, more than 70 percent of prognoses in the last years, too, have been correct. Rehabilitation procedures and evaluation results proved to have been equally reliable for somatic, psychic or multiple disabilities.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1981

[Conditions and results of medico-social rehabilitation at the rehabilitation centre of Cologne University (author's transl)].

From its establishment in 1966 the Rehabilitation Center of Cologne University has documented its medical, social and prevocational evaluation findings, and subjected the prognoses given to periodical follow-up verifications. A statistical overview of the years 1971 through 1978 describes the numerical development of in- and outpatient rehabilitees, diagnostic groupings, and follow-up results. Development, organisational patterns, and working approaches at the centre as well as the importance of integrated prevocational training are underlined, as is the need for more medical rehabilitation facilities.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Value of serial CEA determinations in a surgical adjuvant trial of colorectal and gastric carcinoma.

At the Cross Cancer Institute in Edmonton, a concurrently controlled, randomized, prospective surgical adjuvant trial involving Dukes' B2 and C colorectal carcinoma and gastric carcinoma (T1-4, No-2, Mo) has been activated for the last two years. To date, a total of 150 patients have been entered into the three arms of the trial (namely control, immunotherapy, and chemoimmunotherapy). Of these, 127 cases are colorectal carcinoma and 28 are gastric cancer. As part of the protocol, serial CEA determinations are obtained in all patients on a regular three-monthly basis. So far, 28 patients have confirmed recurrence (colorectal 20, gastric 8) demonstrated clinically or radiologically. Out of these 28 patients, 25 (89.2%) had CEA greater than 2.5 ng/ml months before actual demonstration of recurrence. However, if one uses a cutoff of 5.0 ng/ml as significant, that is, one standard deviation from the usual accepted value, then 21 out of 28 (75%) had persistent, elevated CEA's months before the recurrence manifested itself clinically or radiologically. The CEA profiles of three representative cases from each arm of the adjuvant trial are included. It is suggested that serial CEA determinations will be an invaluable adjunctive test in following patients in an adjuvant trial setting.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1980

Induction of pituitary tumours and hyperprolactinemia in female rats by estrogens. The effect of apomorphine, reserpine and L-dopa.

Prolonged estrogen treatment induced an enlargement of the anterior pituitary gland and finally resulted in irreversible pituitary tumours. Using continuous estrogen delivery [subcutaneous (s.c.) cholesterol-estrogen implants], the effects of ethinyl estradiol and the likewise synthetic estrogens STS 153 and STS 456 have been studied with or without concomitant administration of a progestogen without anti-estrogenic activities (STS 557). There was a dose-dependent prolactin cell-stimulating effect of all these estrogens. Ethinyl estradiol (EE2) had the most marked effect followed by STS 456 which coincides with the relative uterotrophic activity found in rats and mice. The elevated serum prolactin levels in rats with an EE2 implant for 6 months could be reduced slightly but not significantly by apomorphine and reserpine at a daily dose of 100 micrograms/animal and 5 micrograms/animal, respectively. Daily administration of 300 micrograms L-dopa led to a slight but insignificant increase of serum prolactin. The high pituitary weight and serum prolactin levels induced by long-term EE2 treatment were partially reversible after implant withdrawal.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Embryotoxic effects of post-coital fertility inhibiting steroids.

In mice post-coital estrogens caused retardation of tubal egg cleavage, whereas post-coital progestins stimulated egg division. In rats the situation was reversed. In this species estrogens accelerated the tubal embryo development and vice versa; the progestin STS 557 arrested division of embryos resting in the tube. Normal implantation occured following transfer of early blastocysts from estrogen-treated mice to untreated mice, but not following transfer of blastocysts from untreated animals to estrogen-treated animals. This shows that post-coital estrogens do not affect the embryos directly but they disturb the physiological integrity of the endometrium required for proper implantation.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗