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Biomedical subjects

M Kitamura

Publications and source records attributed to M Kitamura.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Destruction of VX2 tumor in rabbits by hyperthermia plus bleomycin suspended in sesame oil.

The combined antitumor effects of local hyperthermia and a simultaneous injection of bleomycin suspended in sesame oil (BLM-sesame oil) into the proper hepatic artery were studied in a model of liver cancer in rabbits. Fourteen days after inoculation of VX2 carcinoma into the left anterior lobe, 107 rabbits were used for the experiments. Local hyperthermia of 43-47 degrees C for 20 minutes was administered directly to the liver tumor via a 915 MHz microwave. In a preliminary study, administration of sesame oil alone into the proper hepatic artery led to a peripheral hepatic artery embolization, as evidenced by microangiography, and to the inhibition of tumor growth. The tumor-bearing rabbits were placed into groups of six. The first group was treated with hyperthermia, the second with a saline solution of bleomycin given intra-arterially, the third with a combination of hyperthermia and a saline solution of bleomycin given intra-arterially, the fourth with BLM-sesame oil given intra-arterially, the fifth with a combination of hyperthermia and sesame oil given intra-arterially, and the sixth with a combination of hyperthermia and BLM-sesame oil given intra-arterially. Consequently, the concomitant application of hyperthermia and intra-arterial injection of sesame oil led to a prominent inhibition of tumor growth, as compared with each modality alone (P less than 0.001). The most significant effect was obtained in the case of a combination of hyperthermia and BLM-sesame oil, as compared with a combination of hyperthermia and sesame oil (P less than 0.001). Local hyperthermia concurrent with the blockage of blood flow supplying the tumor led to a prominent inhibition of tumor growth, and addition of bleomycin to this regimen had an even greater antitumor effect. Thus, a combination of hyperthermia and chemoembolization with BLM-sesame oil is an effective treatment for liver cancer, at least in rabbits.

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

Genotoxicity of diesel exhaust emissions in a battery of in-vitro short-term and in-vivo bioassays.

The present studies confirm that diesel exhaust emissions are mutagenic in bacterial and mammalian mutation assays. Our results further indicate that mutagenic potential of the diesel tar samples can be reduced by exogenous metabolic activation with S15, and that Epstein-Barr-virus transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines from Bloom syndrome, and Xeroderma Pigmentosum patients with a high incidence of malignant tumors showed an larger production of SCEs while those from Fanconi anemia patients had an lower frequency of SCEs when exposed to the diesel emission condensate, compared to those from normal healthy persons. On the contrary to the results of in-vitro studies, the in-vivo SCE and micronucleus assays using mouse and rat bone marrow cells gave negative responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Phase II study of epirubicin on breast cancer: a cooperative group study].

A phase II multicenter clinical study of epirubicin, a new anthracycline anticancer agent, was carried out in 46 patients with advanced breast cancer. The treatment schedule consisted of either 60 mg/m2 every three weeks or 40 to 50 mg/m2 on day 1 and day 8 every four weeks. Objective responses were observed in 23.7% of 38 evaluable patients (1 CR and 8 PR). Response rates according to previous chemotherapy were 50.0% (4/8) in previously non-treated patients and 36.4% (4/11) in patients previously treated with non-anthracyclines. The major adverse effect was bone-marrow suppression; leukopenia was observed in 82.1% of patients, anemia in 53.8% and thrombocytopenia in 20.0%. Other toxicities frequently observed were anorexia (55.0%), nausea-vomiting (55.0%) and alopecia (66.7%), but these seemed to be milder than those produced by doxorubicin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Intra-aortic infusion therapy with sequential methotrexate (MTX) and 5-FU in advanced gastric carcinoma].

Fifteen patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were treated by intraaortic infusion therapy with sequential MTX and 5-FU. Intraaortic bolus injection with 50-100 mg/body MTX was followed 3 hours later with 500-750 mg/body 5-FU and 24 hours later with 30 mg/body leucovorin. Treatment was repeated weekly. Of these 15 patients who were evaluated, 4 had PR and 3 had MR. Response rate was 27%. Two patients had WBC nadir of less than 3,000 cells/mm and other two had a platelet count nadir of less than 10/mm. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting were mild. Three patients had diarrhea and 3 had mucositis. No other toxicity was seen. This regimen has been well tolerated for long periods.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy and irradiation for esophageal carcinoma].

For clinical application in cases of carcinoma of the esophagus, we developed an endotract electrode ("applicator") for radiofrequency (RF) and an RF-generator (13.56 MHz) automatically controlled by a computer monitoring the temperature of the lesion. We then designed a combined therapy of hyperthermia, chemotherapy and radiotherapy (so-called hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy: HCR), on the basis of the additive or synergistic effects of hyperthermia combined with radiation and/or anticancer drugs. We applied this combined therapy to patients with esophageal carcinoma, using our newly developed heating system. HCR therapy was preoperatively performed on thirty-three patients with esophageal carcinoma. In the histopathological study of resected specimens, seven out of thirty-three patients (21.2%) showed markedly effective improvement, in seventeen (51.5%) the effects were moderately effective and in nine (27.3%) there were no apparent effects. The effectiveness (markedly + moderately effective/all cases) of preoperative HCR therapy was 72.7% (24/33), and significantly higher than the 50% (54/108) obtained in one hundred and eight patients who were preoperatively prescribed radiotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy. We then applied the combined therapy with hyperthermia to sixteen patients with unresectable esophageal carcinoma and eleven of these patients (68.8%) showed partial and moderate responses in esophagography. This combined therapy with hyperthermia is highly effective, and shows great promise for treating patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Reversed-phase liquid-chromatographic determination of purine compounds in serum applied to studies of hypouricemia.

With this rapid (20 min), sensitive (0.1 mumol/L), and reproducible reversed-phase "high-performance" liquid-chromatographic (HPLC) method hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid, allopurinol (4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine), and oxypurinol(4,6-dihydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine) concentrations can be determined simultaneously in de-proteinized serum. We use an Amicon MPS-1 centrifugal ultrafiltration device, then inject the de-proteinized ultrafiltrate into a Toyosoda ODS-120A HPLC column and elute with a mobile phase consisting of potassium phosphate buffer (40 mmol/L, pH 2.2) containing 20 mL of methanol per liter. We used this method to investigate purine metabolism in 10 cases of hypouricemia (uric acid concentration in serum less than 60 mumol/L).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Improved results of surgery for esophageal carcinoma in 148 patients.

Since the late 1970's, there has been a remarkable decrease in the mortality of patients with esophageal cancer. Factors such as progress in pre- and post-operative management, operative technique, and anesthesia all play a contributory role in this improvement. Among 251 Japanese patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent esophageal resection and reconstruction in our department of surgery since 1965, those treated from 1965-74 and others treated from 1975-1984 were investigated in detail. It became clear that pulmonary complications and anastomotic leakage were the two major complications related to operative mortality. The former has decreased by intensive postoperative care with strong emphasis on cough dynamics, and the latter because of the long gastric tube we devised and which has a good blood supply. These positive events make feasible early postoperative irradiation and cancer chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Comparative studies of estrogen receptor determinations by enzyme immuno-assay using the monoclonal antibody, dextran-coated charcoal, and sucrose density gradient methods].

Estrogen receptor (ER) determination in human mammary tumors was performed by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using monoclonal antibody, and the results were compared with those obtained using the dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) and sucrose density gradient (SDG) method. Twenty ER-positive tumors by the DCC method were all ER-positive by EIA, when determined in the same cytosol fraction. Three out of 21 ER-negative tumors by the DCC method were ER-positive by EIA. Estrogen receptors of 8S, 8S + 4S, and 4S determined by the SDG method were all shown to be ER-positive using EIA. Between the values of estrogen receptors determined by the DCC method and by EIA, a high correlation was observed (r = 0.868). Values of ER less than 13.5 fmol/mg protein were considered as negative ER.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

[Phase II study of 5'-DFUR in gastrointestinal and breast cancer].

Clinical effects of daily oral administration of 5'-DFUR were studied in patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer and breast cancer. Cases included 5 gastric cancer, 18 colorectal cancer, 27 breast cancer and 1 malignant melanoma. Out of 38 cases who completed the treatment, CR was observed in 2 and PR in 7, the response rate being 23.7%. Out of 23 cases with breast cancer who completed the treatment, CR was observed in 2 and PR in 6, the response rate being 34.8%. Safety was evaluated in 42 cases and diarrhea was found in 17.1% of cases; however, it was easily reduced by decreasing the dosage or discontinuing administration of the drug.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Effective sequential administration of tamoxifen and medroxyprogesterone acetate for 7,12-dimethylbenz[a-anthracene-induced rat mammary tumors in relation to hormone receptors.

The effects of two hormonal agents with different mechanisms of action, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and tamoxifen (TAM), on the tumor growth and hormone receptor status were evaluated in rat mammary tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene (DMBA). All estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+)) tumors became ER-negative (ER(-)), and 3 out of 4 progesterone receptor-negative (PgR(-)) and ER(+) tumors became PgR-positive (PgR(+)) after daily, oral administration of TAM for 2 weeks. In contrast, ER and PgR remained unchanged after daily administration of MPA for 2 to 4 weeks. All the ER(+) and PgR(-) tumors were transformed into PgR(+) after daily treatment with MPA for 2 weeks and then with TAM for another 2 weeks, but tumor regression was modest and none disappeared completely. In contrast, complete remission was achieved in all ER(+) tumors in the group treated with TAM for 2 weeks and then with MPA for another 2 weeks. The results suggest that the antitumor activity of the latter treatment regimen was significantly higher than that of the former. The possible mechanisms of antitumor activity of two hormonal agents are discussed.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1985

Autopsy findings in chronic pyelonephritis patients under dialysis--collected from the Annuals of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan.

Autopsy findings in chronic pyelonephritis patients on dialysis were studied in 122 cases. The greatest number of cases was in the 50-59 year-old group among males and in the 60-69 year-old group among females. Infection was the most frequent cause of death (39.3%), followed by bleeding (23.5%). The total number of patients with infections and bleeding was 68 cases (55.7%) and 39 cases (32.0%), respectively. Pneumonia and bronchitis were the most frequent (27.0%) in cases with infections and gastrointestinal bleeding was the most frequent (21.3%) in cases with bleeding. The incidence of tuberculosis (16.4%) as a complication was high.

Adolescent↗