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Biomedical subjects

M Kitagawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Kitagawa.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Simple method of tocopherol determination in plasma lipoprotein fractions using a heparin-Ca precipitation technique.

A simple and convenient method using a heparin-Ca precipitation technique, which was devised for determination of serum lipoprotein fractions, was applied to the determination of tocopherol concentrations in individual lipoproteins. Three types of precipitates were prepared from 0.25 ml serum samples plus 0.1 ml of 5% heparin by mixing at 37 degrees C for 30 min with 5 ml of 0.054 M CaCl2 only, 0.054 M CaCl2 in 0.6% NaCl, or 0.054 M CaCl2 in 0.92% NaCl. These three precipitates consisted of chylomicron + VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) + LDL (low density lipoprotein), chylomicron + VLDL, and chylomicron only, respectively. The tocopherol content of individual lipoproteins was calculated from the concentrations of tocopherol in these three precipitates, and the values obtained by using this technique were very close to those by a standard ultracentrifugation method. Thus, this simple method appears to be suitable for rapid tocopherol assay of a large number of samples.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1989

Tocopherol distribution in serum lipoproteins with respect to red blood cell tocopherol levels in children.

The relation of lipoprotein tocopherol levels to red blood cell (RBC) tocopherol was investigated in 81 healthy children, comprising 44 males and 37 females, using a new technique for separation of individual lipoprotein fractions. 1. In children there were no age and sex differences in tocopherol contents among individual lipoprotein fractions. The tocopherol content of high density lipoprotein (HDL) was slightly higher than that of low density lipoprotein (LDL), but this difference was not statistically significant. 2. The tocopherol content of HDL fractions was closely correlated with RBC tocopherol concentration, but there was no relationship in tocopherol levels between RBC and LDL and between RBC and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). 3. There were no age and sex differences in contents of total cholesterol (T-ch), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL), total lipids, HDL-cholesterol, LDL or VLDL in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Influence of OK-432 on intratumor 5-fluorouracil concentration in cases given UFT].

The influence of OK-432 on the activation of UFT, consisting of tegafur and Uracil, was examined in patients with gastric cancer and colonic cancer. In 14 gastric cancer and 15 colonic cancer cases, to which UFT 400 mg/day and OK-432 2KE 2/W were administered orally and intra-muscularly for 2 weeks preoperatively until surgical treatment, intratumor 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) concentration was measured and compared with that of patients who given UFT 400 mg/day orally for 2 weeks (15 gastric cancer and 15 colonic cancer cases). As the results, in the groups of patients given OK-432, the concentration in gastric cancer tissue was 0.093 +/- 0.067 microgram/g and that in colonic cancer was 0.098 +/- 0.058 microgram/g. Both values exceeded 0.05 microgram/g which is considered to be the effective intratumor 5-FU concentration. No difference was observed in these cases given UFT alone. The ratio of intratumor 5-FU concentration vs. that of normal tissue was 2.5 for gastric cancer and 2.7 for colonic cancer and the ratio of tumor vs. serum 5-FU concentrations was 8.5 for gastric cancer and 10.9 for colonic cancer. No difference was also observed in these values in cases given UFT alone. From above results, it seemed that the clinical dose of OK-432 2KE 2/W had no influence on the activation of UFT, so that the combination therapy of UFT and OK-432 was found to be clinically useful.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Somatostatinoma of the rectum.

We report a case of a 29-yr-old man with a rectal carcinoid that metastasized to the liver, secreting somatostatin. The patient first presented with an abdominal mass and mild diabetes, and, subsequently, rectal tumor and hypersomatostatinemia. Microscopic examination of the rectal tumor showed characteristic features of carcinoid. Multiple liver metastases were recognized. The plasma level of somatostatin was remarkably high (2,839 pg/ml). Plasma gut glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) increased with progress of the disease. He died of hepatic failure 20 months after his first admission. Immunoperoxidase staining showed that rectal tumor cells contained somatostatin-like-immunoreactivity. Electron microscopy of tumor tissue showed neurosecretory (D-cell) granules. Somatostatin content of the rectal tumor was very high (5,629 pg/mg).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of eosinophilic pneumonia with acute progressive dyspnea and diffuse small nodular shadows on chest X-ray film].

A 52-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with high-grade fever, dry cough and severe dyspnea. Chest X-ray films revealed diffuse small nodular shadows in all lung fields, prominently in the middle and lower lung fields. On examination, peripheral blood eosinophilic leukocytosis and severe hypoxemia were demonstrated. His clinical condition improved during five days after the admission without any therapy but oxygen inhalation. The abnormal shadows decreased in several days, and disappeared completely in thirty days. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed increased total cell counts, mostly with eosinophils (60%) and lymphocytes (21%). Histologically, the transbronchial lung biopsy specimen showed that the walls of pulmonary arteries and bronchioli were markedly infiltrated with eosinophils, and that alveolar septa were edematous with mononuclear and eosinophilic cells infiltration. There were no prominent changes in the alveolar lumen except few macrophage exudates. Our case was of importance for two reasons: first, eosinophilic pneumonia could take the form of interstitial pneumonia both roentgenologically and histologically; second, Crofton's classification of P.I.E. could not be applied to this case.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[A case of bromocriptine-induced interstitial pneumonitis in an iron factory worker exposed to sand dust].

A 62-year-old male, was admitted on Oct. 7, 1987 because of productive cough and dyspnea. He worked for an iron factory, where pneumoconiosis was regarded as an occupational disease, for 40 years. No abnormal finding had been noted on his mass screening chest roentgenograms. He was well until three years ago when hypertension and Parkinsonism were noted. Since then he was treated with beta blockers, L-DOPA, amantadine and bromocriptine. Two weeks before admission, he suddenly complained of dyspnea and productive cough. His chest roentgenograms showed diffuse reticulonodular infiltration in both lung fields. The partial pressure of oxygen of the arterial blood was 65.9 Torr. The first transbronchial lung biopsy obtained from right B8 on Sept. 29, 1987 (before the admission) revealed some epithelioid granulomas and the second biopsy obtained from right B10 on Oct. 14, 1987 demonstrated bronchiolar edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Fibrotic changes associated with carbon dust between airways and vessels were also noted. Lymphocyte stimulation index by bromocriptine was 362%, and that by amantadine, 139%, L-DOPA, 150%, respectively. After ceasing the administration of bromocriptine, productive cough, dyspnea and the reticulonodular shadows diminished gradually. These findings strongly suggest that the interstitial pulmonary lesions are bromocriptine-induced interstitial pneumonitis. His occupational exposure to inorganic dust may be a predisposing factor.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMed1989

[Pulmonary sequestration associated with localized cystic bronchiectasis and funnel chest].

A 37-year-old woman, who presented with low grade fever and productive cough, was admitted for evaluation of an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray film. On physical examination, she had bilateral hallux valgus and funnel chest, the center of which was at the fifth rib on the right edge of the sternum. Since chest CT scan, selective bronchography, pulmonary arteriography and aortography revealed that she had pulmonary sequestration in the right cardiophrenic region associated with localized cystic bronchiectasis in the right S7b, she received right lower lobectomy. Histological examination showed the cystic change of bronchioli and a small number of emphysematous alveoli in the right S7b adjacent to the sequestered lung. The bronchopulmonary structure of right S7a was almost intact. It might be speculated that the existence of the sequestered lung constituted to the deterioration of the development of the lung and the rib cage adjacent to it.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Enteroglucagon release in disaccharide malabsorption induced by intestinal alpha-glucosidase inhibition.

To study the effects of acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, on saccharide absorption and pancreatic and gut hormone release, we loaded 50 g glucose (GTT), maltose (MTT), and sucrose (STT) to 12 healthy male volunteers with and without acarbose (0, 100, or 300 mg) in a double-blind protocol. Oral load of 300 mg acarbose did not inhibit absorption of 50 g glucose; neither did it alter subsequent responses of insulin and glucagons. Maltose absorption was not influenced by acarbose up to 300 mg. However, insulin response was reduced and eteroglucagon response was enhanced by acarbose. Acarbose 100 mg markedly decreased absorption of sucrose, resulting in inhibition of plasma elevation of glucose and insulin and in enhancement of enteroglucagon release. Oral load of 30 g lactulose, nonabsorbable disaccharide, could reproduce the acarbose-induced enteroglucagon release. An increase in osmotic pressure due to retention of unabsorbed carbohydrate in the distal small intestine and proximal colon may explain the acarbose-induced enteroglucagon release and diarrhea that results from STT with acarbose.

Acarbose↗
PubMed1989

Gastrinoma in a mesenteric lymph node.

A 36-yr-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of severe vomiting and diarrhea. Upper gastrointestinal series showed deformity of the duodenum. Serum gastrin level was very high (1,829 pg/ml) and secretin provocative test presented a positive result (peak 4,535 pg/ml). We diagnosed his illness as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, but failed to identify the site of tumor. His symptoms were controlled with cimetidine 1,600 mg qid, but serum gastrin level was increasing. A year after the first admission, computed tomographic scan and selective angiography demonstrated the tumor, and surgery was performed. A solitary 2-cm tumor was noted at the surface of mesenterium of the duodenum. Frozen and paraffin section of the tumor revealed islet cell tumor apparently within a lymph node. Immunohistological examination revealed positive staining for gastrin alone. No other tumors were detectable by inspection and palpation during the operation. After excision of the tumor, serum gastrin and secretion test were normalized, and the patient remains asymptomatic 1 yr after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of ureteral endometriosis].

We report two successfully treated cases of ureteral endometriosis. Case 1 is in a 47-year-old female who had a past history of simple hysterectomy and right oophorectomy. Pathological diagnosis was myoma uteri and pelvic endometriosis. Two months later, she visited our clinic for right flank pain. Excretory urogram and retrograde pyelogram revealed right hydroureteronephrosis and stricture of the right lower ureter. The diagnosis of ureteral endometriosis was made from the past history and clinical features. Danazol therapy started with a daily dose of 400 mg. Sixteen days later, excretory urogram demonstrated complete resolution of the right hydronephrosis. An intravenous pyelography about 1 year after the danazol therapy has indicated no recurrence. Case 2 is in a 35-year-old female who visited our clinic for right lumbar pain. Excretory urogram and retrograde pyelogram revealed right hydroureteronephrosis and stricture of the right lower ureter. Right ureterocystoneostomy was performed unsuccessfully resulting in endoscopic dilation. Right lower ureter was buried in the dense fibrous tissue approximately 5 cm below the crossing with iliac vessels. The area of obstruction was removed. Histologically, endometriosis was diagnosed. Twenty nine cases of ureteral endometriosis including our two cases were collected from the Japanese literatures and reviewed with respect to the clinical features and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of pancreatic enzymes in the bile of congenital choledochal cyst with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union].

Pancreatic enzymes in the bile of congenital choledochal cyst with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union were analyzed. Almost all pancreatic proteases were already activated in the bile aspirated immediately after insertion of PTCD tube. However, inactive proteases gradually increased after continuation of drainage by PTCD. Pancreatic protease activities appeared again after clamping the PTCD tube. In vitro study of trypsin activities in the bile containing no initial trypsin activity, active type of trypsin did not appear throughout the experimental period. It is suggested that continuous reflux of pancreatic juice into the bile and certain incubation time are necessary for activation of pancreatic protease in bile of congenital choledochal cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pancreas divisum. A predisposing factor to pancreatitis?

Cases of pancreas divisum (PD) were reviewed in our patients and 19 Japanese and 14 English series during the past 10 yr to see any significant association of PD with certain diseases. PD was diagnosed in 20 (0.64%) among our 3121 patients with successful endoscopic pancreatograms (ERP). Of 20 PD patients, acute pancreatitis in one, chronic pancreatitis in two, ampullary cancer in one, and cholelithiasis in five were diagnosed. Incidences of PD were 2.6% (1/38) in acute pancreatitis, 0.8% (2/248) in chronic pancreatitis, 0% (0/100) in pancreatic cancer, 20% (1/5) in ampullary cancer, and 0.8% (5/615) in cholelithiasis. The incidences were similar to overall incidences of ours and other Japanese series (0.69% of 36,171 patients). Higher incidences of acute pancreatitis (12.9% of 559) and pancreatic cancer (5.5% in 448) may result from the higher overall incidence (4.6% in 16,257) in English series. The relationship between pancreatitis and PD has been controversial, but our present data suggest that PD is a coincidental finding and not a predisposing factor to pancreatitis in Japan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Carcinoid tumors of the gallbladder with adenocarcinomatous differentiation: a morphologic and immunohistochemical study.

Two patients with gallbladder carcinoid tumors with adenocarcinomatous differentiation were examined. In both cases, the tumor contained argyrophilic granules and alcian blue-positive mucin. One contained argentaffin granules and the other showed PAS-positive mucin. Numerous membrane-bound electron-dense neurosecretory granules were demonstrated by ultrastructural study. Immunohistochemistry applied for the tumors clarified the epithelial, hormonal, and metaplastic character. Epithelial tumor markers, i.e., carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), were positive in these tumors. The neuroendocrine nature was demonstrated by positive results of chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Hormonal activities were not confirmed in the tumor cells. These results suggested that carcinoid tumors in the gallbladder have a multidirectional differentiation represented by a morphological continuum ranging from carcinoid to adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Pulmonary thromboembolism: frequency, site, and vascular change in 103 autopsy cases.

For investigation of the incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism, the sites of thromboemboli, pulmonary vascular changes, detailed clinical and autopsy records, and histological sections of a series of 103 autopsied adults were reviewed. Pulmonary thromboembolism was observed in 38.8% of these cases. Pulmonary thromboembolism tended to be more frequent in older, younger, female, and cancer patients. Thromboembolism was found most frequently in arterioles, followed by muscular arteries. A significant correlation (P less than 0.02) was found between the incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism and the histological changes of endothelial protrusion and vacuolization of the intima in these small pulmonary arteries, but no correlation was found between that of pulmonary thromboembolism and constriction figures. These endothelial changes probably represent previous vasoconstriction. The present observations suggest a significant relationship between pulmonary thromboembolism and vasoconstriction of small pulmonary arteries and suggest that widespread vasoconstriction of pulmonary arteries is important in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this condition.

Adolescent↗