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Biomedical subjects

M Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kikuchi.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of human immunoglobulin epsilon chain cDNA.

DNA complementary to mRNA of human immunoglobulin E heavy chain (epsilon chain) isolated and purified from U266 cells has been synthesized and inserted into the PstI site of pBR322 by G-C tailing. This recombinant plasmid was used to transform E. coli chi 1776 to screen 1445 tetracycline resistant colonies. Nine clones (pGETI - 9) containing cDNA coding for the human epsilon chain were recognized by colony hybridization and Southern blotting analysis with a nick-translated human IgE genome fragment. The nucleotide sequence of the longest cDNA contained in pGET2 was determined. The results indicate that the sequence of 1657 nucleotides codes for 494 amino acids covering a part of the variable region and all of the constant region of the human epsilon chain. Most of the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence is in substantial agreement with that reported. Furthermore a termination codon after the -COOH terminal amino acid marks the beginning of a 3' untranslated region of 125 nucleotides with a poly A tail. Taking this into account, the structure of the human epsilon chain mRNA, except a part of the 5' end, is conserved fairly well in the cDNA insert in pGET2.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Unsaturated disaccharides in the enzymatic digests of heparan sulfates.

High performance liquid chromatography was performed by an ion-pair reversed-phase method of six standard unsaturated disaccharides derived from heparan sulfate and heparin. Separation of delta Di-GlcNAc, delta Di-GlcN(2S), delta Di-GlcNAc(6S), delta Di-GlcN(2,6- or 2,2'-diS) and delta Di-GlcN(2,6,2'-triS) was achieved on a column of Jasco SC-02 with 10 mM tetrabutylammonium phosphate (pH 7.0) containing 30 or 47% methanol as a mobile phase. delta Di-GlcN(2,6-diS) and delta Di-GlcN(2,2'-diS) were separated on the same column with 35 mM triethylamine phosphate (pH 5.3). Four preparations (BL-1.0-1, BL-1.0-2, BL-1.0-3, and BL-1.25-1) separated from crude bovine lung heparan sulfate, a standard bovine lung heparan sulfate (BL-ST), bovine kidney heparan sulfate 1.0 M Fr and 1.25 M Fr (BK-1.0 and BK-1.25), and porcine kidney heparan sulfate 1.0 M Fr (PK-1.0) were digested with a mixture of heparinase, and heparitinases 1 and 2. The resulting foregoing unsaturated disaccharides in the digests were analyzed by the above HPLC procedures. The proportions of the unsaturated disaccharides in the digests of BL-1.25-1 and BL-ST were similar, but those of the others differed from each other. It is noteworthy that delta Di-GlcNAc plus delta Di-GlcNAc(6S) in the digest of BL-1.0-1 was approximately 95% of the total unsaturated disaccharides. Small amounts of delta Di-GlcN (2,6,2'-triS) were found in all the samples. It was found that delta Di-GlcN(2,2'-diS) was a prominent component in the disulfated unsaturated disaccharides from BL-1.25-1 and BK-1.25.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in northwestern Kyushu Island of Japan. Clinicopathological studies based on the Japanese classification of malignant lymphoma.

Ninety cases of node-based non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in northwestern Kyushu, Japan were classified according to the Japanese Lymphoma Study Group (LSG) and the immunological as well as clinicopathological studies were performed. There were 6 cases of small cell type, 23 of medium-sized cell type, 25 of large cell type, 20 of pleomorphic type, 10 of lymphoblastic type and 6 cases of specific lymphomatous lesions (Lennert's lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like pattern). Immunologically, the T-cell character was predominant in pleomorphic type (100%), specific lymphomatous lesions (100%), medium-sized cell type (80%) and large cell type (60%). Clinically, leukemic manifestation was frequently encountered in all histological types except for large cell type. The leukemic cells in pleomorphic type and T-medium-sized cell type were polymorphic, similar to those of adult T-cell leukemia. Skin lesions were found chiefly in leukemic cases of pleomorphic and T-medium-sized cell types, and non-leukemic cases of T-large cell type. The worst prognosis was observed in the pleomorphic type, especially of leukemic form. These results support the proposal of pleomorphic type as a distinct entity in prospecting the immunological subtype, clinical manifestations, and survival. In addition, T-medium-sized cell and pleomorphic types, having common clinicopathological characteristics, may be categorized as one group. On the other hand, T-large cell type seems to be composed of heterogenous groups of the peripheral T-cell tumor, although some cases overlap with pleomorphic type.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Reduction of C-peptide secretion in noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients with long duration of insulin treatment.

We examined the responses of serum free C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) during a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on diabetic patients undergoing different kinds and durations of treatment. None of the patients were ketosis-prone or had any history of nephropathy and they all developed diabetes when over the age of 30. The sigma serum free CPR (the sum of serum free CPR values during OGTT) of group A (duration of insulin treatment was less than 5 years, N = 10) was found to be higher than that of group B (duration of insulin treatment was 5 years or more, N = 10) (p less than 0.005). On the other hand, the sigma serum free CPR of group C (treatment with an oral hypoglycemic agent for less than 5 years, N = 9) was not statistically different from that of group D (treatment with an oral hypoglycemic agent for 5 years or more, N = 11). There were no statistical differences between group A and group B in age at onset, duration of diabetes, daily insulin dose, relative body weight index, serum creatinine or sigma BG (the sum of blood glucose values during OGTT). Just before the start of insulin treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the following: 1. fasting blood glucose values (all 10 patients measured in group A and 9 patients in group B) 2. blood glucose and plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) responses (7 patients measured in group A and 6 in group B). Among those with plasma IRI measured on the previous occasion, sigma serum free CPR was found to be higher in group A than in group B (p less than 0.025) at the time of the present study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Evidence of beneficial effects of strict glycemic control on diabetic vascular complications--a prospective study with artificial devices.

This prospective study was undertaken to examine whether glycemic normalization could have beneficial on the course of diabetic vascular complications in 6 insulin-dependent diabetics. A significant amelioration of glycemic regulation was achieved by intensive glycemic control with artificial devices and multiple injections for 3 months, which also resulted in an improvement in conduction velocity, a regression in retinovascular permeability and a decrease in urinary total protein excretion. These results indicate that even after short-term treatment, glycemic near-normalization can have a beneficial effect on the early stage of diabetic vascular complications.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1983

Juvenile aponeurotic fibroma: an ultrastructural study.

The light and electron microscopic findings in a case of juvenile aponeurotic fibroma are described. The tumor was composed of fibromatosislike areas and cartilagelike islands with characteristic calcification. The ultrastructural study verified the cartilaginous nature of this tumor. The cartilagelike islands were made up of chondrocytic cells embedded in an abundant intercellular matrix containing fine fibrils, spherical granules, and pleomorphic membrane-bound vesicles. The chondrocytic cells had many microvilli, a well-developed granular endoplasmic reticulum, and a prominent Golgi complex. In the periphery of each cartilagelike island was a perichondriumlike structure exhibiting transitional features from fibroblastic cells to chondrocytic cells. The fibromatosislike areas consisted of spindle-shaped fibroblastic cells and occasional myofibroblasts. The morphologic pattern of the tumor somewhat mimics embryonal chondrogenesis, and the fibromatosislike areas may represent an overgrowth of the fibrous layer of the perichondrium. It is possible to regard this tumor as an organoid tumor having a capacity for bidirectional differentiation into cartilage and fibrous tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis. An ultrastructural study in comparison with other types of lymphadenitis.

The lymph nodes from 10 cases of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL), 3 cases of necrotizing lymphadenitis with follicular hyperplasia (NLFH), and 11 cases of various types of lymphadenitis (abscess-forming, tuberculous, Piringer-type, "viral", and nonspecific lymphadenitides) were comparatively studied. The NLFH, clinically representing a milder form of collagen disease, showed necrotizing lesions similar to those of HNL but with follicular hyperplasia, more plasma cells, and scattered neutrophils; the latter features closely resemble those of some lymph nodes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Ultrastructurally, HNL and NLFH both showed coagulative necroses of individual lymphocytes, the macrophages with large cellular debris, prominent immunoblasts, and cytoplasmic inclusions such as frequent tubuloreticular structures (TRS) and "intracytoplasmic rodlets" (ICR). The necrotic modality in abscess-forming and tuberculous lymphadenitides was different and the macrophages contained smaller debris. The immunoblasts were less prominent in "viral" lymphadenitis and much less in the others. While TRS were present in may cases of other lymphadenitides as well, they were positive in a much smaller number of cells only; the ICR were found exclusively in HNL and NLFH. These findings suggest a relationship between HNL and NLFH; they may form a spectrum of hyperimmune reaction that includes SLE as an extreme manifestation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Macroglobulinemia and chronic B-cell type lymphocytic leukemia in japan--study of autopsy cases.

Autopsy cases of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell type (B-CLL) were examined to determine the geographical distribution and histological characteristics of these diseases in Japan. Both diseases occurred primarily at 50 to 60 years of age with a predominance of males and were distributed throughout Japan with a population slightly lower than that of T-CLL in southwestern Japan. Histologically WM (31 cases) consisted mainly of small cell type malignant lymphoma with plasmacytic differentiation (27 cases) according to the Japanese Classification (LSG) and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins with a monoclonal pattern of immunoglobulin M (IgM) (lambda 12; kappa seven). The bone marrow involvement (27 cases) was follicular, mixed (follicular and diffuse) or diffuse. B-CLL (58 cases) also showed principally a small cell type histology (48 cases) and 16 of the cases showed plasmacytic differentiation as in WM. Cytoplasmic immunoglobulins with a monoclonal pattern were found in 10 (six of IgG, two of IgM, one of IgG and M, and one of IgA). Bone marrow involvement (56 cases) revealed the same histological pattern as WM. According to the growth pattern of the tumor cells in the bone marrow and lymph nodes, both diseases may be categorized as bone marrow-based lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Case report of adult T-cell leukemia with preceding long-standing cutaneous involvement.

This report documents an unusual case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) with a preceding phase of long-standing cutaneous involvement. After nine months of an aleukemic phase, characteristic leukemic cells of ATL, possessing inducer/helper phenotype without helper function, had appeared. In addition, antibodies to ATL virus-associated antigen (ATLA) were found in the serum of the patient and her family. The patient died after an 18-month clinical course due to generalized cytomegalovirus infection in spite of strong chemotherapy. At autopsy, leukemic involvement was restricted to the skin. We postulate that ATL may originate not only from the lymph nodes but also from the skin.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Sialoglycopeptides obtained from a transplantable rat colorectal adenocarcinoma: a comparison with those from normal colonic mucosa.

A transplantable colorectal adenocarcinoma and the normal colonic mucosa derived from rats of ACI/N strain were digested successively with pronase, deoxyribonuclease, chondroitinase ABC, and heparitinase to obtain the corresponding glycopeptide fractions. The amino acid compositions of these two fractions suggested that the polypeptide backbones were quite similar. However, the electrostatic net charges of these fractions were shown to be different by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis, ion exchange chromatography, and measurement of sialic acid contents. The glycopeptide fraction derived from adenocarcinoma contained much greater quantities of less acidic glycopeptides than that derived from the normal colonic mucosa. The former exhibited much stronger blood group A and H activities than the latter. Moreover, the former reacted with Ricinus communis lectin I, whereas the latter did not react with this lectin. These results indicate that the carbohydrate structures of tumor sialoglycoproteins are different from those of the corresponding ones in the normal tissue from which the tumor has originated.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

Benign and malignant fibrous histiocytomas of the soft tissues: functional characterization of the cultured cells.

Cell cultures were carried out from fresh tumor tissues obtained from seven cases of histiocytic tumors of the soft tissues including four of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, two of benign fibrous histiocytoma, and one of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath. The cultured cells were studied by light and electron microscopy, rosette formation for surface receptors, immune phagocytosis, and enzyme cytochemistry. The culture of each tumor revealed a mixture of histiocyte-like cells, fibroblast-like cells, amd intermediate forms. Bizarre giant cells were numerous in the early cultures of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, but they were absent in the cultures of benign fibrous histiocytoma and giant cell tumor of tendon sheath. In all the seven cases the cultured cells exhibited several features characteristic of histiocytes: (1) surface receptors for the Fc-portion of immunoglobulin G; (2) surface receptors for the third component of complement; (3) immune phagocytosis of opsonized erythrocytes; and (4) lysosomal enzymes including alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, and acid phosphatase. These findings suggest that the histiocytic tumors of the soft tissues in discussion actually comprise the cells that have the functional property of histiocyte. The tumor cells in the surgical specimens presented essentially the same ultrastructural and enzyme histochemical characteristics as those of the cultured cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Structure and biological activity of finback-whale (Balaenoptera physalus L.) heparin octasaccharide. Chemical, carbon-13 nuclear-magnetic-resonance, enzymic and biological studies.

Finback-whale (Balaenoptera physalus L.) heparin was partially digested with a purified heparinase and an octasaccharide with high affinity for antithrombin III was isolated from the digest by gel filtration, followed by affinity chromatography on a column of antithrombin III immobilized on Sepharose 4B. This octasaccharide possessed high inhibitory activity for Factor Xa in the presence of antithrombin III, but was essentially inactive for thrombin-antithrombin III reaction. The anticoagulant activity determined by the activated-partial-thromboplastin-time method was very low (40-70 units/mg), although the initial whale heparin exhibited high activity (252 units/mg). On the basis of the results of chemical analyses, 13C n.m.r. spectrum and enzymic studies with purified heparinase, heparitinases 1 and 2, the predominant structure of the octasaccharide was proposed as follows: delta UA(2S) alpha 1 leads to 4GlcNS alpha 1 leads to 4IdUA alpha 1 leads to 4GlcNAc(6S) alpha 1 leads to 4GlcUA beta 1 leads to 4GlcNS(3S) alpha 1 leads to 4IdUA(2S) alpha 1 leads to 4GlcNS. Comparing this structure with those of the heparin octasaccharides so far reported, the presence of the critical structural elements for binding to antithrombin III was suggested in the pentasaccharide region situated at the reducing end of this octasaccharide. Binding to antithrombin III of the critical structural elements alone would appear to elicit the acceleration of the Factor Xa-antithrombin III reaction. Additional structural elements required for the acceleration of the thrombin-antithrombin III reaction and for the manifestation of high anticoagulant activity are discussed.

Animals↗