Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Katz

Publications and source records attributed to M Katz.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The morphologic characteristics of cervical ripening induced by the hormones relaxin and prostaglandin F2 alpha in a rabbit model.

In previous studies, both purified porcine relaxin and prostaglandin F2 alpha, have been applied vaginally in the human to promote cervical ripening near term. In this study, the histologic changes in the cervix induced by these locally applied hormones are described in a rabbit model. Similar histologic changes occurred following treatment with relaxin or prostaglandin F2 alpha and these changes were comparable with those seen in the cervix following the spontaneous onset of labor in control rabbits. The main histologic features were a dissolution of the collagen bundles and an apparent increase in the ground substance. However, a unique giant cell infiltrate was seen in the relaxin-treated rabbits and the control rabbits in spontaneous labor. The nature and possible function of these giant cells are discussed. The similarity of the general morphologic changes in the cervix induced by relaxin and prostaglandin F2 alpha supports the concept that these hormones may act (either in sequence or separately) to activate the same collagenolytic system to produce the same effect in cervical connective tissue rather than act in parallel to produce separate or complementary structural changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Continuous long-term intravenous beta-sympathomimetic tocolysis.

This report concerns the clinical course and outcome of 16 patients treated by continuous long-term intravenous beta-sympathomimetic tocolysis (greater than or equal to 1 week's intravenous therapy). Half of the patients received such therapy for at least 5 weeks. Intravenous tocolysis was adjusted to decrease uterine activity and maintain a satisfactory pulse and blood pressure. Parenteral tocolysis was continued until there was a successful transition to oral therapy, until fetal maturity, or until maternal/fetal indications for delivery were noted. Data indicate that the cardiovascular and metabolic effects were pronounced mostly during the first 3 to 4 days of therapy and then returned toward pretreatment values. In none of the study patients was the treatment discontinued because of drug-related problems, electrocardiogram changes, chorioamnionitis, or fever. The experience indicates that, in a selected group of patients and under close supervision, continuous long-term intravenous beta-sympathomimetic tocolysis may be considered a safe therapeutic modality able to prolong pregnancy with a more desirable outcome.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

A de novo translocation, 14q21q, with a microchromosome-14p21p.

A familial translocation, t(14;21)(14p21p;14q21q), in a mother and her child is described. The translocation was ascertained through the birth of a Down syndrome baby with the chromosome constitution 47,XX,-14, +der 14, +der 21,t(14;21)(q11;p12) mat. A 1:3 segregation in the maternal meiosis is suggested for the evolution of the unbalanced chromosome state. The main translocated chromosome 14q21q mimics the product of a Robertsonian translocation, while the 14p21p chromosome has the morphology of a satellited microchromosome. The cytogenetic nature of this translocation is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Maternal paralytic ileus as a complication of magnesium sulfate tocolysis.

Beta-adrenergic agonists tocolysis is currently the most popular treatment modality in the United States. However, magnesium sulfate is receiving increasing attention as an alternating tocolytic agent in the presence of various clinical situations, such as the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes. While there is an abundance of information about the maternal and fetal side effects associated with beta-adrenergic tocolysis, little information is available about maternal adverse side effects of magnesium sulfate treatment for preterm labor. Side effects such as pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, hypocalcemia, and hypermagnesemia have been reported in patients receiving this agent for either tocolysis or pre-eclampsia, though their occurrence is quite rare. One of the infrequent complications of beta-adrenergic agonist tocolysis is the occurrence of a paralytic ileus, which to our knowledge has not yet been reported in association with magnesium sulfate tocolysis. This article therefore concerns the development of a paralytic ileus in a patient receiving parenteral magnesium sulfate for tocolysis. The clinical features are described and the possible mechanisms involved discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Design of the School Health Education Evaluation.

The Center for Health Promotion and Education, Centers for Disease Control, and the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, US Dept. of Health and Human Services, contracted with Abt Associates, Inc., to evaluate the School Health Curriculum Project as compared with three other approaches to school health education. Background on the reasons for initiating this project, a summary of the original design, and highlights of the main features of the actual implementation of the School Health Education Evaluation (SHEE) are detailed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Beta-carotene as an inhibitor of benzo(a)pyrene and mitomycin C induced chromosomal breaks in the bone marrow of mice.

Female mice of hybrid strain B6C3F1, 8-10 weeks old, were fed on powdered food with or without beta-carotene (100 mg/kg food). After 1 week of these diets, some of each group of mice were injected i.p. with either benzo(a)pyrene (150 mg/kg) in dimethyl sulfoxide, or mitomycin C (1 mg/kg) in distilled water. In the course of separate experiments, bone marrow samples were collected at various intervals after injection for analysis in the in vivo bone marrow micronucleus assay. At the time at which the maximum induction was observed, which coincided between experiments, the frequency of micronuclei induced by benzo(a)pyrene was reduced by 41-61% and that induced by mitomycin C was reduced by 44-71% in the presence of beta-carotene. Beta-carotene is widely distributed in plant material such as carrots and green leafy vegetables and, as such, is a component of the human diet. Our results suggest that beta-carotene provides significant protection against the genotoxicity of benzo(a)pyrene and mitomycin C.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Serum ACTH levels in patients with polycystic ovarian disease.

Serum adrenocorticotrophic hormone levels were assayed in 8 patients with polycystic ovaries and a similar number of control subjects. Serum ACTH concentrations were normal in 6 patients and marginally elevated in 1. Investigations of markedly elevated readings in another patient showed this to be due to an interfering factor rather than the ACTH molecule itself.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1985

Appearance and mental retardation: some first steps in the development and application of a measure.

A measure of atypical appearance derived from components developed during the course of a study of 22-year-old mentally retarded adults was described. Hypotheses about relationships between mental retardation, biological damage, and appearance were tested and confirmed. Atypical appearance increased with severity of retardation. Mildly retarded young adults who received no mental retardation services after age 16 were more atypical in appearance than were nonretarded peers. Issues relating to the appearance measure and the results were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Percutaneous fine needle cytopuncture of lymph nodes opacified by lymphography, in urogenital pathology. Apropos of 174 cases].

Percutaneous fine needle puncture of lymph nodes after lymphography with contrast has been performed in 174 patients with urogenital tumors (bladder: 108, prostate: 41, testes: 25). Conducted under direct television screen control the procedure is simple to perform and provokes little discomfort for the patient, since it is painless and relatively non-traumatic. Needle puncture is a reliable technique resulting in no false positives and very few false negatives when carried out using the previously described technique (routine sampling and technical success). Combining lymphography with needle puncture is of undoubted value for detecting extension of tumor and improving choice of therapy.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1985

The in vitro development of blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell lines: formation of visceral yolk sac, blood islands and myocardium.

The in vitro developmental potential of mouse blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell lines has been investigated. From 3 to 8 days of suspension culture the cells form complex embryoid bodies with endoderm, basal lamina, mesoderm and ectoderm. Many are morphologically similar to embryos of the 6- to 8-day egg-cylinder stage. From 8 to 10 days of culture about half of the embryoid bodies expand into large cystic structures containing alphafoetoprotein and transferrin, thus being analagous to the visceral yolk sac of the postimplantation embryo. Approximately one third of the cystic embryoid bodies develop myocardium and when cultured in the presence of human cord serum, 30% develop blood islands, thereby exhibiting a high level of organized development at a very high frequency. Furthermore, most embryonic stem cell lines observed exhibit similar characteristics. The in vitro developmental potential of embryonic stem cell lines and the consistency with which the cells express this potential are presented as aspects which open up new approaches to the investigation of embryogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Aberrant renal papilla. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of aberrant renal papilla. This exceptional benign congenital anomaly produces a pelvo-calyceal filling defect. Emphasis is made on the major interest of intraoperative nephroscopy in order to avoid inappropriate surgery since ultrasonography does not seem to bring contributing positive data.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Effect of nicardipine HCl on prematurely induced uterine activity in the pregnant rabbit.

The tocolytic and cardiovascular effects of intravenous nicardipine HCl, a calcium entry blocker, were studied in 20 pregnant rabbits. Premature uterine activity was induced by extraovular infusion of prostaglandin F2-alpha and three different nicardipine HCl dose schedules were tested. Significant dose-related inhibition of both electrical and mechanical uterine activity was observed. Treatment was also accompanied by a significant rise in pulse rate and a decrease in both diastolic and systolic blood pressure. It is concluded that nicardipine HCl is a potent tocolytic agent that deserves further evaluation for possible clinical use.

Animals↗